Two good 18th Century Forums worth Joining.

The Woodsrunner Forum: http://neclhg.freeforums.net/

The Minuteman Forum: http://minuteman.boards.net/

Forum Notifications?

Just in case you have not been receiving any notifications from our group forum, there are a stack of new posts in a variety of topics.

This forum is not the same as the old one, & some of you may have failed to click on the subscribe to topic! Anyway, like I said, there is a heap of new threads & information there if you are interested.

Keith.

http://neclhg.freeforums.net/

Diet of the Ancient Mariner

https://www.hakaimagazine.com/news/diet-of-the-ancient-mariner/

SALT PORK, SHIP’S BISCUIT, AND BURGOO: SEA PROVISIONS FOR COMMON SAILORS AND PIRATES, PART 1

A painting of a typical East Indiaman from the 17th century by Isaac Sailmaker, c.1685.

https://csphistorical.com/2016/01/24/salt-pork-ships-biscuit-and-burgoo-sea-provisions-for-common-sailors-and-pirates-part-1/?blogsub=spammed#subscribe-blog

Discoveries from the deep: sailing aboard the Swan in the 17th century

https://www.archaeology.co.uk/articles/features/discoveries-from-the-deep-sailing-aboard-the-swan-in-the-17th-century.htm

The Project Gutenberg EBook of Every Day Life in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, by George Francis Dow. 3

The settler also must take with him a supply of food to answer his needs on reaching Massachusetts, and it was advised that enough for the space of a year might be required in which case each person should be certain to have in store 8 bushels of meal, 2 bushels pease, 2 bushels oatmeal, 1 gallon brandy, 1 gallon oil and 2 gallons vinegar. Sugar could be had in New England as the Colonial vessels were bringing it from the West Indies in the way of trade, but spices, necessary to the English diet, must be brought from England.

John Josselyn, writing in 1638, listed the following articles as necessary equipment for every family coming to New England, viz.:

Bellows	£0	2	0
Scoop		0	9
Great pail		0	10
Casting shovel		0	10
A sack		2	4
Lanthorn		1	3
Tobacco pipes
5 broad howes		10	0
5 narrow howes		6	8
5 felling axes		7	6
2 hand saws		10	0
1 whip saw		10	0
1 file and wrest		10
2 hammers		2	0
2 augers		1	0
Wheels for a cart		14	0
Wheel barrow		6	0
Canoe	3	0	0
Short oak ladder		0	10
Plough		3	9
Axle tree		0	8
Cart		10	0
[11]3 shovels		4	6
2 spades		3	0
2 broad axes		7	4
6 chisels		3	0
3 gimblets		0	6
2 hatchets		3	6
2 frows		3	0
2 hand bills		3	4
Nails of all sorts	2	0	0
3 locks and 3 pr. fetters		5	10
2 curry combs		0	11
Brand for beasts		0	6
Hand vise		2	6
100 wt. spikes nails and pins (120)	2	5	0
2 pick axes	0	3	0
Chain and lock for a boat		2	2
Coulter (10 pound)		3	4
Pitch fork		1	4
Plough share		2	11

Household implements for a family of six persons, viz.:

1 iron pot	0	7	0
1 great copper kettle	2	0	0
1 small kettle		10	0
1 lesser kettle		6	0
1 large frying pan		2	6
1 small frying pan		1	8
1 brass mortar	0	3	0
1 spit		2	0
1 grid iron		1	0
2 skillets		5	0
Platters, dishes and spoons of wood		4	0

The above prices are estimated costs in England and the freight on the same would be reckoned at the rate of half a ton per person.

http://www.gutenberg.org/files/43970/43970-h/43970-h.htm

French Militia supplies-Bourlamaque Papers, National Archives of Canada (1757).

French Militia By Frances Back.

This list is from the Bourlamaque Papers, National Archives of Canada (1757).  

EQUIPMENT FOR THE OFFICER DURING THE SUMMER MONTHS:

1 capot; 1 blanket; 1 woolen cap; 2 cotton shirts; 1 pair of leggings ; 1 breech-cloth; 2 skeins of thread; 6 needles; 1 awl; 1 fire steel; 6 gun flints; 1 butcher knife; 1 comb; 1 gun worm; 1 pair of moccasins every month; 1 tomahawk. For The Winter Campaign in Addition To The Summer Equipment: 1 bearskin; 2 pairs of short stockings; 2 folding knives; 1 pair mittens; 1 vest; 1/2 aune of blanket to make leggings; 2 pairs of deerskin shoes; 1 greased deerskin; 2 portage collars; 1 toboggan; 1 pair of snowshoes.  

EQUIPMENT FOR THE SOLDIER DURING SUMMER:

1 blanket; 1 capot; 1 cap; 2 cotton shirts; 1 pair of breeches; 1 pair of leggings ; 2 skeins of thread; six needles; 1 awl; 1 fire steel; 6 gun flints; 1 butcher knife; 1 comb; 1 gun worm; 1 tomahawk; 1 pair of moccasins every month. Winter Equipment In Addition To The Summer One: 2 pairs of short stockings ; 1 pair of mittens; 1 vest; 2 folding knives; 1/2 aune of blanket to make leggings; 2 pair of deerskin shoes; 1 greased deerskin; 2 portage collars; 1 toboggan; 1 pair of snowshoes; 1 bearskin .

 EQUIPMENT FOR THE MILITIAMAN DURING SUMMER:

1 blanket; 1 capot or bougrine ; 2 cotton shirts; 1 breech cloth; 1 pair of leggings ; 2 skeins of thread; 6 needles; 1 awl; 1 fire steel; 6 gun flints; 1 butcher knife; 1 comb; 1 gun worm; 1 tomahawk; 1 pair moccasins every month.

For The Winter Equipment In Addition To The Summer One: 2 pairs of short stockings ; 1 pair of mittens; 1 vest; 2 folding knives; 1/2 aune of blanket to make leggings; 2 pair of deerskin shoes; 1 greased deerskin; 2 portage collars; 1 toboggan; 1 pair of snowshoes; 1 bearskin. 4. AUGMENTATION FOR EVERY SOLDIER AND MILITIAMAN: 1/2 pound (livre) of gunpowder; 1 pound (livre) of balls; 1 pound (livre) of tobacco; 1 axe for 2 men; 1 tarpaulin and 1 kettle for every 4 men.

Supplies for Virginia colonists, 1622

Ships Biscuit.

I have read several recipes for ships biscuit but none of them appear to use the constant kneading or "knocking down" method. Somewhere in my memory I seem to recall that this kneading & knocking down (pounding with the side of a clenched fist) was an important part of making ships biscuit. Anyway, here are the links to three articles on this biscuit.

Ship’s Biscuits made by Jeff Pavlik, as featured in John Pavlik, “‘Consisting Merely of Flour and Water’: Reproducing the Eighteenth-Century English Biscuit,” Journal of the Early Americans 1, no. 11 (April/May 2011), 7-11.

http://csphistorical.com/2016/01/24/salt-pork-ships-biscuit-and-burgoo-sea-provisions-for-common-sailors-and-pirates-part-1/

http://www.westfordminutecub.com/resources/Biscuit+Recipe.pdf

http://colonialbaker.net/A%20Summary%20of%20Reproducing%20the%2018th%20Century%20English%20Sea%20Biscuit.pdf

http://www.theoldfoodie.com/2013/04/ships-biscuits.html

Succariebread, Field provisions of the 1718 campaign

https://historyhysteria.wordpress.com/2016/02/10/succariebread-fieldprovisions-of-the-1718-campaign/

18th Century Colonial Militia Laws of Virginia

18th Century Colonial Militia Laws of Virginia 

…Every horse-man shall be furnished with a serviceable horse, a good saddle,… carbine or fusee, and bucket, holsters, a case of pistols, cutting sword or cutlass, double cartouch box, and six charges of powder…And every footman [as opposed to horse-man] shall be furnished with a firelock, musket, or fuzee, well fixed [in good order], a bayonet fitted to same, or a cutting sword or cutlass, a cartouch-box, and three cartridges of powder; and appear with the same at the time and place appointed for muster and exercise, as foresaid; and shall also keep at his house, one pound of powder, and four pounds of ball; and bring the same into the field, when he shall be required….

November 1738.

http://www.flintriflesmith.com/WritingandResearch/Research/militia_laws.htm

17th Century Supplies and Provisions List For Immigrants.

Provisions List 1630 A Catalog of such needefull things as every Planter doth or ought to provide to go to New-England Victuals for a whole yeere for a man... 8 Bushels of meale 2 Bushels of Otemeale. 1 Gallon of Aquavitae 1 Firkin of Butter 2 Bushels of pease. 1 Gallon of Oyle. 2 Gallons of Vinegar. Apparell. 1 Monmouth Cap. 1 Wast-coat. 1 Suit of Frize. 2 Paire of Sheets. 3 Falling Bands. 1 Suit of Canvas. 3 Paire of Stockings. 1 Paire of Blankets. 3 Shirts. 1 Suit of Cloth. 4 Paire of Shooes. 1 Course Rug. 7 Ells of Canvase to make a bed and boulster. Armes. 1 Armor compleat. 1 Sword. 1 Bandilier. 60 Pound of Lead. 1 Long peece. 1 Belt. 20 Pound of Powder. 1 Pistoll and Goose shot. Tooles. 1 Broad Howe. 1 Shovell. 1 Felling Axe. 1 Grindstone. 1 Narrow Howe. 1 Spade. 1 Gimblet. 1 Pickaxe. 1 Steele Handsawe. 2 Augers. 1 Hatchet. Nayles of all sorts 1 Whipsawe. 4 Chissels. 2 Frowes. 1 Hammer. 1 Broad Axe. 1 Hand-Bill. Household Implements. 1 Iron Pot. 1 Gridiron. Trenchers. Dishes. 1 Kettel. 2 Skellets. Wooden Platters. Spoons. 1 Frying pan 1 Spit. Spices Sugar. Cloves. Mace. Fruit. Pepper. Cinnamon. Nutmegs. Also there are divers other things necessary to bee taken over to this Plantation, as Bookes, Nets, Hookes and Lines, Cheese, Bacon, Kine, Goats, &c. From: New England’s Plantation, or, A short and True Description of the Commodities and Discommodities of that Country. By Reverend Francis Higginson, London, 1630.

Provision Suggestions 1639 What Provision is made for a Journey at Sea and what to carry with us for our use at Land by William Wood from New-England's Prospect, being a true, lively and experimental Description of that part of America commonly called New-England, London 1639 Many peradventure at the looking over of these relations, may have inclinations or resolutions for the voyage; to whom I wish all prosperity in their undertakings; although I will use no forcive arguments to persuade any, but leave them to the relation; yet by way of advice, I would commend to them a few lines from the pen of experience. And because the way to New-England is over the sea, it will not be amiss to give you directions what is necessary to be carried. Many I suppose, know as well, or better than myself; yet all do not; to those my directions tend. Although every man have ship-provisions allowed him for his five pounds a man, which is salt beef, pork, salt fish, butter, cheese, pease pottage, water grewel, and such kind of victuals, with good biskets, and six shilling beer; yet it will be necessary to carry some comfortable refreshing of fresh victuals. As first, for such as have ability, some conserves, and good claret wine to burn [burnt wine is brandy] at sea; or you may have it by some of your vintners or wine-coopers burned here, and put up into vessels, which will keep much better than other burnt wine; it is a very comfortable thing for the stomach, or such as are sea-sick; sallad-oil likewise, prunes are good to be stewed, sugar for many things; white biskets, eggs, and bacon, rice, poultry, and some weather sheep to kill aboard the ship, and fine flour baked meats will keep about a week or nine days at sea. Juice of lemons, well put up, is good either to prevent or cure the scurvy. Here it must not be forgotten to carry small skillets, or pipkins, and small frying-pans, to dress their victuals in at sea. For bedding, so it be easy, and cleanly, and warm, it is no matter how old or coarse it be for the use of the sea; and so likewise for apparel, the oldest cloaths be the fittest, with a long coarse coat, to keep better things from the pitched ropes and planks. Whosoever shall put to sea in a stout and well-conditioned ship, having an honest master, and loving seaman, shall not need to fear but he shall find as good content at sea as a land... Now for the encouragement of his men, he [the head of a family with servants] must not do as many have done (more through ignorance than desire) carry many mouths and no meat; but rather much meat for a few mouths. Want of due maintenance produceth nothing but a grumbling spirit with a sluggish idleness; when as those servants be well provided for, go through their employments with speed and chearfulness. For meal, it will be requisite to carry a hogshead and an half for every one that is a labourer, to keep him till he may receive the fruit of his own labours, which will be a year and a half after his arrival, if he land in May or June. He must likewise carry malt, beef, butter, cheese, some pease, good wines, vinegar, strong-waters, &c. Whosoever transports more of these than he himself useth, the overplus being sold, will yield as much profit as any other staple commodity. Every man likewise must carry over good store of apparel; for if he come to buy there, he will find it dearer than in England. Woollen cloth is a very good commodity, and linen better; as holland, lockram, flaxen, hempen, callico stuffs, linsey woolsies, and blue callico, green sayes for housewife's aprons, hats, boots, shoes, good Irish stockings, which if they be good, are much more serviceable than knit ones; all kind of grocery wares, such as sugar, prunes, raisins, currants, honey, nutmegs, cloves, &c soap, candles, and lamps, &c. All manner of household stuff is very good trade there, as pewter and brass, for the use of that country; warming-pans and stewing pans be of necessary use, and good traffick there. All manner of iron wares, as all manner of nails for houses, and all manner of spikes for building of boats, ships, and fishing stages; all manner of tools for workmen, hoes for planters, broad and narrow for setting and weeding; with axes, both broad and pitching axes. All manner of augers, piercing bits, whip-saws, two handed saws, froes, both for the riving of pailes, and laths, rings for beetle heads, and iron wedges; though all these be made in the country (there being divers blacksmiths) yet being a heavy commodity, and taking but a little storage, it is cheaper to carry such commodities out of England. Glass ought not to be forgotten of any that desire to benefit themselves, or the country; if it be well leaded, and carefully packed up, I know no commodity better for portage or sale. Here likewise must not be forgotten all utensils for the sea, as barbels, splitting knives, leads, and cod-hooks, and lines, mackrel hooks and lines, shark-hooks, seines, or bass-nets, large and strong, herring nets, &c. Such as would eat fowl, must not forget their six foot guns, their good powder, and shot of all sorts; a great round shot called Barnstable shot, is the best; being made of a blacker lead than ordinary shot. Furthermore, good pooldavies [a heavy canvas] to make sails for boots, roads, anchors for boats and pinnaces, are good; sea-coal, iron, lead, and mill-stones, flints, ordnances, and whatsoever a man conceive is good for the country, that will lie as ballast, he cannot be a loser by it. And lest I should forget a thing of so great importance, no man must neglect to provide himself, or those belonging to him, his ammunition, for the defence of himself and the country. For there is no man there that bears a head, but that bears military arms; even boys of fourteen years of age are practiced with men in military discipline, every three weeks. Whosoever shall carry over drums and English colours, pattesons [spear that is carried in front of troops], halberds, pikes, muskets, bandeleroes, with swords, shall not need to fear good gain for them; such things being wanting in the country.

Provisions List 1675 Provisions List from An Account of Two Voyages to New-England by John Josselyn 2d edition, London, 1675 The common proportion of victuals for the Sea to a Mess, being 4 men, is as followeth; Two pieces of Beef, of 3 pound and 1/4 per piece. Four pounds of Bread. One pint 1/2 of Pease. Four Gallons of Beer, with Mustard and Vinegar for three flesh dayes in the week. For four fish dayes, to each mess per day. Two pieces of Codd or Habberdine, making three pieces of a fish. One quarter of a pound of Butter. Four pound of Bread. Three quarters of a pound of cheese. Beer as before. Oatmeal per day, for 50 men, Gallon I. and so proportionable for more or fewer. Thus you see the Ships provision, is Beef or Porke, Fish, Butter, Cheese, Pease, Pottage, Watergruel, Bisket, and six shilling Beea. For private fresh provision, you may carry with you (in case you, or any of yours should be sick at Sea) conserves of Roses, Clove-Gilliflowers, Wormwood, Green-Ginger, Burnt-Wine [brandy], English Spirits, Prunes to stew, Raisons of the Sun, Currence, Sugar, Nutmeg, Mace, Cinnamon, Pepper and Ginger, White Bisket, or Spanish rusk, Eggs, Rice, juice of Lemmons well put up to cure, or prevent the Scurvy. Small Skillets, Pipkins, Porrengers, and small Frying pans... Apparel for one man, and after the rate for more L S D One Hatt 0 3 0 One Monmouth Cap 1 10 0 Three falling bands 0 1 3 Three Shirts 0 7 6 One Wastcoat 0 2 6 One suit of Frize 0 19 0 One suit of Cloth 0 15 0 One suit of Canvas 0 7 6 Three pair of Irish Stockins 0 5 0 Four pair of Shoos 0 8 0 One pair of Canvas Sheets 0 8 0 Seven ells of course Canvas to make a bed at Sea for two men, to be filled with straw 0 5 0 One coarse Rug at Sea for two men 0 6 0 Sum total 4 0 0

http://www.pilgrimhallmuseum.org/ce_packing_for_america.htm

A List Of Standard Equipment Carried In A Hudson Bay Trade Canoe.

My sincere thanks to Russell Simmons for sharing this link with me.
Keith.

One of the two main types used by the Nor’Westers was the canot du maître or Montreal canoe, up to 40 feet (12 metres) in length, with a capacity of 4 tons (3.5 tonnes) and manned by ten paddlers. At the western end of Lake Superior, the goods were transferred to canots du nord, or north canoes, smaller vessels with half the carrying capacity but light enough for two men to lift across portages. Birch bark was strong enough to carry economical loads, yet sufficiently light to be spun away from rock outcrops with the flick of a steersman’s wrist.

Fashioned from the bark of the yellow birch the canot du maître weighed less than 300 pounds (136 kilograms) yet was capable of carrying 4 tons (3.5 tonnes) of crew and freight. Only an axe, a crooked knife, a square or Indian awl, plus some spruce roots and pitch (spruce gum) were required to build a canoe.

More information here: http://hbcheritage.ca/content/canoe/dash/full

Indian Goods List.

John Buxton. Eye Of Hawk.

A list of goods for Indian Presents.

20 pieces striped Duffils, the stripes bright
28 half pieces blew Strouds
14 half pieces red Do.
10 pieces blew plains corded and Wormed for Women
200 Yards of embroider’d Serge the patterns large
2500 lb F. Gunpowder
150 Wilson’s trading Guns
40 Fowling Pieces
12 Saddles with Cruppers and Bridles
8 Do. a better Sort with Housings
2 Gross Stone Rings
12 Doz. Horn Combs
6 Doz. Ivory Do.
4 Gross black and spotted Clasp knives
12 Doz. Razors
12 Doz. pair Scyssors
12 Doz. looking Glasses
12 Nests of red gilt trunks
19 Doz. check Shirts
18 Doz. white Garlics Do
15 pieces of Calicoe 18 yards in Each
50Cnt trading Bells
34 second hand scarlet, red, and blew coats
6 Do. a better sort, and 6 Waistcoats for head men
34 tinsel laced hats
6 tinsel laced hats a better Sort for Head Men
6 Gross Body Cadis in pieces 12 yards each
6 Gross figured and Star Gartering
30 lb Vermilion
14 Gross long Pipes
60 Gross Hunters Do
100 lb. Shag cut tobacco
40 lb. bright brass wire sorted
6 Gross Hawks Bells smallest size
12 Dozen Oval-eyed Hatchets
250 lb brass Kettles sorted
10 Nests tin Kettles 15 in Each
4 Doz. quart tin Pots
4 Doz. pint Do
4 Doz 1/2 Pint Do
4,000 Black flints for trading guns
1,000 Do for Fowling Pieces

Source: Coleman, K., Ready, M., (1976). The Colonial records of the state of Georgia. Vol.27, Original papers of Governor John Reynolds, 1754-1756. Athens: University of Georgia Press. pp. 30-31

http://amohkali.com/?page_id=119&paged=6

18th century Sailor’s food – Ships Provisions. A Link.

http://savoringthepast.net/2013/03/22/18th-century-sailors-food-ships-provisions/

A List of Supplies for French and Indian Forces 1747.

By John Buxton.

 Following is a list of supplies issued to a French and Indian raiding party in the winter of 1747, which was led by Commander Boucher de Niverville. This list has been, in part, re-translated by the author

.

Supplies for the six militia men:

6 pounds of gunpowder in bags of one eighth of an ell

12 pounds of lead in bags

6 butcher knives

6 flint and steel with tinderbox and tinder

6 awls

36 musket flints 6 tumplines

6 bearskins

6 deerskins weighing 17 pounds

6 pair of ox hide shoes

6 tomahawks

4 ells of mazamet in 6 pairs of mittens and 6 pairs of socks

6 cotton shirts

6 pairs of snowshoes

6 toboggans

6 pairs of ice creepers

6 pounds of tobacco

Supplies for three cadets:

3 pounds of gunpowder

3 bearskins

6 pounds of lead and ball

3 deerskins weighing 8 pounds

3 butcher knives

3 folding knives

3 flint and steel and tinderbox with tinder

3 worms

3 awls

18 musket flints

3 tumplines

3 tomahawks

3 pounds of tobacco

2 ells of mazamet in 3 pairs of mittens and 3 pairs of ƒocks

3 ells of molten in 3 pairs of leggings

3 cotton shirts

3 pairs of snowshoes

3 toboggans

Supplies for commander Boucher de Niverville:

2 pounds of gunpowder

1 deerskin weighing three pounds

4 pounds of lead and ball

1 pair of ox hide shoes

2 butcher knives

1 tomahawk

1 folding knife

2 thirds of an ell of mazamet in one pair of mittens and one pair of socks

1 flint and steel and tinderbox with tinder

1 awl

1 ell of molton in one pair of leggings

1 worm

1 cotton shirt

6 musket flints

1 pair snowshoes

1 tumpline

1 pound of chocolate

1 bearskin

1 toboggan

2 pounds of tobacco

Supplies for the 45 Abenaki warriors

45 pounds of gunpowder in a keg

90 pounds of ball in two bags of one eighth of an ell

45 butcher knives

45 folding knives

45 flint and steel and tinderbox with tinder

45 worms

20 awls

200 gun flints

12 tumplines

10 untanned deerskins

20 tomahawks

200 arrow heads

45 deerskins weighing 121 pounds

10 pairs of snowshoes

15 ells of mazamet in 45 pairs of mittens

6 small crib blankets to make shoe liners

12 toboggans

50 pounds of tobacco

12 stone pipes

10 ells of molton in 10 pairs of leggings

22 ells of mazamet and 4 ounces of Rennes thread in 4 capotes

36 ells of Lyon linen in 12 shirts

6 - 2 and a half point blankets

12 crooked knives

4 pounds of vermilion

1 and a half ells of broadcloth in 6 breech cloths

4 uncovered kettles weighing 23 pounds

Supplies for 40 days for the whole party:

15 bushels of cornmeal in 55 bags of one quarter of an ell

400 pounds of salt pork and 400 pounds of hardtack in 14 sacks

1375 pounds of whole flour in 55 bags of one quarter of an ell

4 bushels of peas and 6 bushels of corn in 20 bags of half an ell

4 pots of brandy and 1 pot of wine in 3 casks

1 oilcloth

2 new muskets

6 small files

25 fish hooks

3 pots of cheap rum for Indians upon departure

6 pounds of rice in one bag of one quarter of an ell

Supplies for 24 Abenakis and Iroquois who have joined our party:

24 pounds of gunpowder in one bag of half an ell

48 pounds of lead and ball in one bag of one eighth of an ell

24 butcher knives

24 flint and steel and tinderbox with tinder

24 worms

24 awls

100 musket flints

15 pairs of snowshoes

10 tomahawks

5 large axes

24 deerskins weighing 65 pounds

6 toboggans

100 arrow heads

6 stone pipes

8 ells of mazamet in 24 pairs of mittens

3 crib blankets for shoe liners

24 pounds of tobacco

2 pounds of vermilion

2 muskets

1 kettle weighing nine and a half pounds

500 pounds of whole wheat flour in 24 bags of one quarter of an ell

4 small files

5 bushels of corn meal in 12 bags of one quarter of an ell

2 bushels of peas in 8 bags of one quarter of an ell

50 pounds of grease in 5 kegs

150 pounds of salt pork and 300 pounds of hardtack in 8 bags

48 pounds of beef

72 pounds of bread

1 pot of cheap rum

Reference (7).

The New World Woodsman. His clothing, tools and accoutrements. By Keith H. Burgess.

7)    France, Archives de Colonies series C11A, volume 117, folios 191v to 194, National Archives of Canada, microfilm f-118.