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Graemite
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Graemite
Richard Graeme III
Formula:
Cu[TeO3] ¡ H2O
Colour:
Blue-green
Hardness:
3 - 3½
Specific Gravity:
4.13
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named by S.A. Williams and P. Matter in 1975 in honour of Richard (Dick) Graeme III (1941, Bisbee, Arizona, USA - 3 June 2021), American geologist and mineral collector who discovered the mineral. He began collecting Bisbee minerals at age six. At one point, he was the Resident Geologist of the Copper Queen Branch mine.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Graemite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1734
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1734:9
Similar Names
| Cromite | A synonym of Chromite | |
| Garmite | A valid IMA mineral species | CsLiMg2(Si4O10)F2 |
| Grammite | A synonym of Wollastonite | |
| Grimmite | A valid IMA mineral species | NiCo2S4 |
| Gurimite | A valid IMA mineral species | Ba3(VO4)2 |
| Keramite (of Hunt) | A variety of Kaolinite | |
| Keramite (of Mellor and Scott) | A synonym of Mullite | |
| Kuramite | A valid IMA mineral species | Cu3SnS4 |
IMA Classification of Graemite
Classification of Graemite
4.JM.15
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
M : Tellurites without additional anions, with H2O
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
J : Arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites; iodates
M : Tellurites without additional anions, with H2O
Dana 7th ed.:
34.2.1.1
34.2.1.1
34 : SELENITES, TELLURITES AND SULFITES
2 : A(XO3)·xH2O
34 : SELENITES, TELLURITES AND SULFITES
2 : A(XO3)·xH2O
28.3.3
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
3 : Tellurites
28 : Selenites, Selenates, Tellurites, and Tellurates
3 : Tellurites
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference for Standard |
|---|---|---|
| Gmi | IMAâCNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMAâCNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Pronunciation of Graemite
Pronunciation:
| Play | Recorded by | Country |
|---|---|---|
| Jolyon Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Graemite
Colour:
Blue-green
Hardness:
3 - 3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
good on {010}
good on {010}
Parting:
good on (100)
Density:
4.13(9) g/cm3 (Measured)
Optical Data of Graemite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.920(3) nβ = 1.960(3) nγ = 2.200(5)
2V:
Measured: 48° , Calculated: 50°
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.280
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Based on recorded range of RI values above.
Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 Âľm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.
Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 Âľm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.
Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.
Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).
This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised
light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive
index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral
colouration.
In focus
Interference Figure:
This shows the idealized biaxial acute bisectrix (Bxa) interference figure
- the conoscopic view for a grain cut perpendicular to the acute bisectrix, using
this mineral's 2V. The two small white dots mark the melatopes - the points
where the two optic axes emerge - and are shown only when they fall within the
field of view. The coloured bands are isochromatics, and the dark bands are
isogyres.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Rotate the stage: at 0°/90° the isogyres form a cross through the melatopes; at 45° they pull apart into curved hyperbolas. That splitting on rotation - absent in a uniaxial figure - is the standard diagnostic test for telling biaxial minerals from uniaxial ones. If 2V is large, the melatopes may fall outside the field of view, as they often do at the microscope too.
Dispersion:
r > v strong
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
Z and Y blue green, X yellowish green;
Chemistry of Graemite
Mindat Formula:
Cu[TeO3] ¡ H2O
Element Weights:
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Graemite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Class (H-M):
mmm(2/m2/m2/m) - Dipyramidal
Space Group:
Pmma
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.805(6) Å, b = 25.613(15) Å, c = 5.780(6) Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.266 : 1 : 0.226
Unit Cell V:
1,007.43 Ă
Âł (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
10
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 6.395 Ă | (10) |
| 3.434 Ă | (8) |
| 12.803 Ă | (5) |
| 2.558 Ă | (5) |
| 2.873 Ă | (4) |
| 2.343 Ă | (4) |
| 5.640 Ă | (3) |
| 2.801 Ă | (3) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Type Occurrence of Graemite
General Appearance of Type Material:
divergent platy, bladed crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
University of Arizona collection.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
oxidation of hypogene ore deposit
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Graemite
Other Language Names for Graemite
Common Associates
Associations Based on Photo Data:
| 8 photos of Graemite associated with Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) ¡ 2H2O |
| 3 photos of Graemite associated with Tlalocite | Cu10Zn6(Te6+O4)2(Te4+O3)(OH)25Cl ¡ 27H2O |
| 2 photos of Graemite associated with Hessite | Ag2Te |
| 1 photo of Graemite associated with Cesbronite | Cu2+3Te6+O4(OH)4 |
| 1 photo of Graemite associated with Cuprite | Cu2O |
| 1 photo of Graemite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 1 photo of Graemite associated with Choloalite | (Cu,Sb)3(Pb,Ca)3(TeO3)6Cl |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.JM. | Wortupaite | MgNi2+2(Te4+O3)3 ¡ 3H2O |
| 4.JM. | Rudolfhermannite | Fe3+2(Te4+O3)3(H2O) |
| 4.JM.05 | Zemannite | Mg0.5ZnFe3+(Te4+O3)3 ¡ 4.5H2O |
| 4.JM.05 | Keystoneite | Mg0.5Ni2+Fe3+(Te4+O3)3 ¡ 4.5H2O |
| 4.JM.05 | Kinichilite | Mg0.5Mn2+Fe3+(Te4+O3)3 ¡ 4.5H2O |
| 4.JM.05 | Ilirneyite | Mg0.5ZnMn3+(Te4+O3)3 ¡ 4.5H2O |
| 4.JM.10 | Emmonsite | Fe3+2(TeO3)3 ¡ 2H2O |
| 4.JM.10 | Blakeite | Fe3+2[TeO3]3 (?) |
| 4.JM.20 | Telluromandarinoite | Fe3+2Te3O9 ¡ 6H2O |
| 4.JM.20 | Teineite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) ¡ 2H2O |
| 4.JM.25 | Millsite | Cu2+(Te4+O3) ¡ 2H2O |
Fluorescence of Graemite
none
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Graemite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1734.html
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Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Graemite
Localities for Graemite
Showing 9 localities.
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
â - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Belgium | |
| Blondieau (2005) |
Mexico | |
| |
| Braith et al. (2001) | |
USA | |
| Graeme (1993) |
| Williams et al. (1975) +1 other reference | |
| Graeme (1993) +1 other reference | |
| Williams et al. (1975) +1 other reference |
| Williams et al. (1975) +1 other reference | |
| SEM EDS and XRD confirmed by Rob Bowell. |
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Cole Mine, Bisbee, Cochise County, Arizona, USA