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Paganoite

A valid IMA mineral species
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04093790017271928765821.jpg
Paganoite, etc.

Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
04093790017271928765821.jpg
Paganoite, etc.

Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
04093790017271928765821.jpg
Paganoite, etc.

Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
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About PaganoiteHide

04085880017271928805265.jpg
Renato & Adriana Pagano
Formula:
NiBi(AsO4)O
Colour:
Orange-brown to deep-golden-brown
Lustre:
Adamantine
Hardness:
1 - 2
Specific Gravity:
6.715 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Triclinic
Name:
The name honours Renato Pagano (24 September 1938, Catania, Italy - 10 March 2023, Milan, Italy) and Adriana (Paccagnella 1939-2020) Pagano for their long-standing service to the European mineralogical community.
This page provides mineralogical data about Paganoite.


Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:
7104
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:7104:4

Similar NamesHide

PeganiteA synonym of Variscite

IMA Classification of PaganoiteHide

IMA status:
Approved
IMA Formula:
Ni2+Bi3+O(As5+O4)
Approval year:
1999
First published:
2001

Classification of PaganoiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2026):
8.BH.50

8 : PHOSPHATES, ARSENATES, VANADATES
B : Phosphates, etc., with additional anions, without H2O
H : With medium-sized and large cations, (OH,etc.):RO4 = 1:1

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

SymbolSourceReference for Standard
PgnIMA–CNMNCWarr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of PaganoiteHide

Lustre:
Adamantine
Transparency:
Translucent
Colour:
Orange-brown to deep-golden-brown
Streak:
Pale orange-brown
Hardness:
1 - 2 on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
None Observed
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven
Density:
6.715 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Comment:
Density could not be measured due to lack of material.

Optical Data of PaganoiteHide

Type:
Biaxial
RI values:
nα = 2.07 nγ = 2.09
Max. Birefringence:
δ = 0.020
Based on recorded range of RI values above.

Interference Colours:
The colours simulate birefringence patterns seen in thin section under crossed polars. They do not take into account mineral colouration or opacity.

Michel-Levy Bar The default colours simulate the birefringence range for a 30 µm thin-section thickness. Adjust the slider to simulate a different thickness.

Grain Simulation You can rotate the grain simulation to show how this range might look as you rotated a sample under crossed polars. Each grain retains its interference colour (retardation) while its brightness falls to black at extinction and reaches a maximum between extinction positions.

Surface Relief:
Very High (positive)
Relative to Canada balsam mounting medium (n ≈ 1.537).

This shows the grain boundary and Becke line effect under plane-polarised light, based on the contrast between this mineral's average refractive index and the mounting medium. It does not take into account mineral colouration.
In focus
Dispersion:
r < v strong
Reflectivity:
WavelengthR1 (%)R2 (%)imR1 (%)imR2 (%)
400nm13.8%14.0%3.27%3.38%
420nm13.35%13.6%3.09%3.24%
440nm13.05%13.3%2.94%3.12%
460nm12.9%13.2%2.88%3.02%
470nm12.85%13.1%2.84%2.99%
480nm12.75%13.0%2.80%2.95%
500nm12.6%12.85%2.74%2.91%
520nm12.5%12.7%2.69%2.88%
540nm12.4%12.65%2.64%2.82%
546nm12.35%12.6%2.63%2.80%
560nm12.25%12.55%2.61%2.79%
580nm12.2%12.5%2.58%2.78%
589nm12.15%12.5%2.57%2.77%
600nm12.1%12.45%2.56%2.76%
620nm12.15%12.4%2.57%2.77%
640nm12.1%12.4%2.54%2.74%
650nm12.0%12.35%2.52%2.73%
660nm12.0%12.3%2.50%2.72%
680nm11.95%12.3%2.48%2.72%
700nm11.95%12.35%2.48%2.73%


Graph shows reflectance levels at different wavelengths (in nm). Peak reflectance is 14.0%.
R1 shown in black, R2 shown in red, imR1 shown in green, imR2 shown in blue
Colour in reflected light:
Grey
Internal Reflections:
Dark-orange internal reflections with crossed polarizers

Chemistry of PaganoiteHide

Mindat Formula:
NiBi(AsO4)O
Element Weights:
Element% weight
Bi49.452 %
O18.930 %
As17.729 %
Ni13.889 %

Calculated from ideal end-member formula.
Bi
O
As
Ni
Elements listed:
As, Bi, Ni, O - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of PaganoiteHide

Crystal System:
Triclinic
Class (H-M):
1 - Pinacoidal
Space Group:
P1
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.7127(8) Å, b = 6.8293(8) Å, c = 5.2345(6) Å
α = 107.625(2)°, β = 95.409(2)°, γ = 111.158(2)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.983 : 1 : 0.766
Unit Cell V:
207.62 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2

Crystal StructureHide

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IDSpeciesReferenceLinkYearLocalityPressure (GPa)Temp (K)
0006855PaganoiteRoberts A C, Burns P C, Gault R A, Criddle A J, Feinglos M N, Stirling J A R (2001) Paganoite, NiBiAsO5, a new mineral from Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany: description and crystal structure European Journal of Mineralogy 13 167-1752001Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany0293
CIF Raw Data - click here to close

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacingIntensity
5.943 Å(100)
3.233 Å(100)
3.067 Å(60)
3.047 Å(50)
2.116 Å(50)
2.095 Å(40)
1.659 Å(40)
Locality:
Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
Comments:
Johanngeorgenstadt, Saxony, Germany. Data from the type description.

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic ModeEarliest Age (Ga)
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event<2.4
47d : [Arsenates, antimonates, selenates, bismuthinates]
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals]

Type Occurrence of PaganoiteHide

Type Locality:
ⓘ Johanngeorgenstadt, Erzgebirgskreis, Saxony, Germany
General Appearance of Type Material:
Prismatic subhedral to euhedral crystals average 0.3 mm in size, but may reach to 1 mm in maximum length.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Mineral Collection of Canada, Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, number NMCC 68083.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
AerugiteNative BismuthBunseniteRooseveltiteXanthiosite

Synonyms of PaganoiteHide

Other Language Names for PaganoiteHide

Dutch:Paganoiet
German:Paganoit
Spanish:Paganoita

Common AssociatesHide

Associations Based on Photo Data:
1 photo of Paganoite associated with AerugiteNi8.5(AsO4)2As5+O8

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat GroupingHide

8.BH.PeterchiniteZn3Zn2(OH)6As[O3(OH)3]Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.BH.ReznitskyiteCaMg(VO4)FMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.PlumbogottlobitePbMg(VO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BH.CuprozheshengitePb4CuZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BH.ZheshengitePb4ZnZn2(AsO4)2(PO4)2(OH)2Tric. 1 : P1
8.BH.CrimsonitePbFe3+2(PO4)2(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
8.BH.05ThadeuiteCa(Mg,Fe2+)3(PO4)2(OH,F)2Orth. 222 : C2221
8.BH.10PanasqueiraiteCaMg(PO4)(OH)Mon.
8.BH.10IsokiteCaMg(PO4)FMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.10LacroixiteNaAl(PO4)FMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.10ArsenatrotitaniteNaTi(AsO4)OMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.10MaxwelliteNaFe3+(AsO4)FMon. 2/m : P2/c
8.BH.10DurangiteNaAl(AsO4)FMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.10KononoviteNaMg(SO4)FMon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.15DrugmanitePb2Fe3+(PO4)(PO3OH)(OH)2Mon. 2/m : P21/c
8.BH.20Nigelcookite PbFe2+2V3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20Plumbojohntomaite PbFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20CirroliteCa3Al2(PO4)3(OH)3 (?)
8.BH.20PenikisiteBa(Mg,Fe2+,Ca)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20PerloffiteBa(Mn2+,Fe2+)2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20Bjarebyite Group
8.BH.20StrontioperloffiteSrMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20PlumboperloffitePbMn2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20JohntomaiteBaFe2+2Fe3+2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20Bjarebyite(Ba,Sr)(Mn2+,Fe2+,Mg)2Al2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.20KulaniteBa(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)2(Al,Fe3+)2(PO4)3(OH)3Mon. 2/m : P21/m
8.BH.25BertossaiteLi2CaAl4(PO4)4(OH)4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.BH.25NatropalermoiteNa2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.BH.25PalermoiteLi2SrAl4(PO4)4(OH)4Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.BH.30SewarditeCaFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
8.BH.30CarminitePbFe3+2(AsO4)2(OH)2Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Cccm
8.BH.35AdeliteCaMg(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35DuftitePbCu(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35CobaltaustiniteCaCo(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35NickelaustiniteCaNi(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35GabrielsonitePbFe3+(As3+O3)OOrth. mm2 : Pmc21
8.BH.35ConichalciteCaCu(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35ArsendescloizitePbZn(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35'Duftite-alpha'PbCu(AsO4)(OH)
8.BH.35GottlobiteCaMg(VO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35AustiniteCaZn(AsO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35HermannroseiteCaCu(PO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.35TangeiteCaCu(VO4)(OH)Orth. 222 : P212121
8.BH.40ČechitePbFe2+(VO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m)
8.BH.40Khorixasite(Bi0.67◻0.33)Cu(VO4)(OH)Mon. 2/m : P2/c
8.BH.40MottramitePbCu(VO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BH.40DescloizitePbZn(VO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BH.40PyrobelonitePbMn2+(VO4)(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pnma
8.BH.45BayldonitePbCu3(AsO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.45VésigniéiteBaCu3(VO4)2(OH)2Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.BH.55JagoweriteBaAl2(PO4)2(OH)2Tric.
8.BH.55HarrisoniteCa(Fe2+,Mg)6(PO4)2(SiO4)2Trig. 3m(32/m) : R3m
8.BH.60AttakoliteCaMn2+Al4(SiO3OH)(PO4)3(OH)4Mon. 2/m : B2/m
8.BH.65LeningraditePbCu3(VO4)2ClOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Ibam
8.BH.70KatiarsiteKTiO(AsO4)Orth. mm2 : Pna21
8.BH.70YurgensoniteK2SnTiO2(AsO4)2Orth. mm2 : Pna21
8.BH.75MelanarsiteK3Cu7Fe3+O4(AsO4)4Mon. 2/m : B2/b
8.BH.80EvseeviteNa2Mg(AsO4)FOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcn
8.BH.80MoraskoiteNa2Mg(PO4)FOrth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcn
8.BH.85PiccoliiteNaCaMn3+2(AsO4)2O(OH)Orth. mmm(2/m2/m2/m) : Pbcm

Fluorescence of PaganoiteHide

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for PaganoiteHide

References for PaganoiteHide

Localities for PaganoiteHide

Showing 2 localities.

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the symbol to view information about a locality. The symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.
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Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed. - This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality. - Good crystals or important locality for species. - World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Germany (TL)
 
  • Saxony
    • Erzgebirgskreis
Roberts et al. (2001)
Romania
 
  • Maramureș County
    • Târgu Lăpuș
HÎRTOPANU et al. (2025)
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