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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
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| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 10.280(8.59) | 100 | 2.940(30.38) | 40 | 5.890(15.03) | 34 | Holtite | Al6(Al,Ta)(BO3)[(SiO4,SbO4,AsO4)]3(O,OH)3 |
| 10.290(8.59) | 100 | 3.456(25.76) | 35 | 2.865(31.19) | 35 | Darapskite | Na3(SO4)(NO3)•(H2O) |
| 10.290(8.59) | 100 | 2.865(31.19) | 35 | 3.456(25.76) | 35 | Darapskite | Na3(SO4)(NO3)•(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 2.912(30.68) | 90 | 7.500(11.79) | 80 | Vashegyite | Al11(PO4)9(OH)6•38(H2O) or Al6(PO4)5(OH)3•23(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 3.590(24.78) | 100 | 5.200(17.04) | 70 | Zeunerite | Cu(UO2)2(AsO4)2•10-16(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 4.940(17.94) | 90 | 3.580(24.85) | 90 | Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2•8-12(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 2.870(31.14) | 90 | 3.080(28.97) | 80 | Kivuite | (Th,Ca,Pb)H2(UO2)4(PO4)2(OH)8•7(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 7.960(11.11) | 90 | 2.870(31.14) | 80 | Kivuite | (Th,Ca,Pb)H2(UO2)4(PO4)2(OH)8•7(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 4.960(17.87) | 80 | 3.590(24.78) | 70 | Autunite | Ca(UO2)2(PO4)2•10-12(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 3.580(24.85) | 90 | 4.940(17.94) | 90 | Torbernite | Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2•8-12(H2O) |
| 10.300(8.58) | 100 | 3.380(26.35) | 80 | 2.650(33.80) | 70 | Annite | KFe++3AlSi3O10(OH,F)2 |
| 10.320(8.56) | 100 | 3.453(25.78) | 80 | 5.170(17.14) | 60 | Biringuccite | Na2B5O8(OH)•(H2O) |
| 10.330(8.55) | 100 | 4.014(22.13) | 100 | 3.435(25.92) | 90 | Kanemite | NaHSi2O5•3(H2O) |
| 10.330(8.55) | 100 | 3.150(28.31) | 17 | 3.120(28.59) | 15 | Ternovite | (Mg,Ca)Nb4O11-n(H2O) where n ~ 10 |
| 10.350(8.54) | 100 | 2.439(36.82) | 70 | 3.421(26.02) | 60 | Nabokoite | Cu++7Te++++O4(SO4)5•KCl |
| 10.370(8.52) | 100 | 5.140(17.24) | 100 | 8.290(10.66) | 90 | Mooreite | (Mg,Zn,Mn)15(SO4)2(OH)26•8(H2O) |
| 10.370(8.52) | 100 | 4.825(18.37) | 60 | 3.082(28.95) | 60 | Beraunite | Fe++Fe+++5(PO4)4(OH)5•4(H2O) |
| 10.370(8.52) | 100 | 3.082(28.95) | 60 | 4.825(18.37) | 60 | Beraunite | Fe++Fe+++5(PO4)4(OH)5•4(H2O) |
| 10.380(8.51) | 100 | 2.773(32.26) | 90 | 3.097(28.80) | 80 | Tiettaite | (Na,K)17Fe+++TiSi16O29(OH)30•2(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 4.660(19.03) | 80 | 3.110(28.68) | 80 | Sonoraite | Fe+++Te++++O3(OH)•(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.540(25.14) | 80 | 2.790(32.05) | 80 | Kupletskite-(Cs) | (Cs,K)2Na(Mn,Fe++,Li)7(Ti,Nb)2Si8O26(OH)4F |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.540(25.14) | 80 | 2.660(33.67) | 80 | Kupletskite-(Cs) | (Cs,K)2Na(Mn,Fe++,Li)7(Ti,Nb)2Si8O26(OH)4F |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 10.600(8.33) | 70 | 6.920(12.78) | 40 | Zykaite | Fe+++4(AsO4)3(SO4)(OH)•15(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.320(26.83) | 70 | 2.590(34.60) | 50 | Veatchite-A | Sr2B11O16(OH)5•(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.310(26.91) | 60 | 2.592(34.58) | 30 | Veatchite-p | Sr2B11O16(OH)5•(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.110(28.68) | 80 | 4.660(19.03) | 80 | Sonoraite | Fe+++Te++++O3(OH)•(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 3.080(28.97) | 80 | 5.170(17.14) | 70 | Phuralumite | Al2(UO2)3(PO4)2(OH)6•10(H2O) |
| 10.400(8.50) | 100 | 2.660(33.67) | 80 | 3.540(25.14) | 80 | Kupletskite-(Cs) | (Cs,K)2Na(Mn,Fe++,Li)7(Ti,Nb)2Si8O26(OH)4F |
| 10.410(8.49) | 100 | 2.446(36.71) | 80 | 3.431(25.95) | 70 | Atlasovite | Cu6Fe+++Bi+++O4(SO4)5•KCl |
| 10.440(8.46) | 100 | 3.485(25.54) | 30 | 2.644(33.88) | 11 | Suhailite | (NH4)Fe3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| 10.450(8.45) | 100 | 3.051(29.25) | 24 | 3.507(25.38) | 21 | Geigerite | Mn5(AsO3OH)2(AsO4)2•10(H2O) |
| 10.450(8.45) | 100 | 5.229(16.94) | 50 | 3.485(25.54) | 30 | Hydrombobomkulite | (Ni,Cu)Al4(NO3,SO4)2(OH)12•14(H2O) |
| 10.451(8.45) | 100 | 1.919(47.33) | 80 | 2.902(30.79) | 70 | Birchite | Cd2Cu2(PO4)2(SO4)•5H2O |
| 10.457(8.45) | 100 | 3.876(22.93) | 48 | 2.768(32.32) | 36 | Lawsonbauerite | (Mn,Mg)9Zn4(SO4)2(OH)22•8(H2O) |
| 10.470(8.44) | 100 | 3.452(25.79) | 30 | 2.907(30.73) | 12 | Bokite | (Al,Fe+++)1.3(V++++,Fe)8O20•4.7(H2O) |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 3.340(26.67) | 100 | 2.610(34.33) | 70 | Veatchite | Sr2B11O16(OH)5•(H2O) |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 3.230(27.59) | 100 | 4.490(19.76) | 80 | Palygorskite | (Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH)•4(H2O) |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 5.250(16.87) | 80 | 2.550(35.16) | 70 | Carrboydite | (Ni,Cu)14Al9(SO4,CO3)6(OH)43•7(H2O) |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 2.920(30.59) | 80 | 3.040(29.36) | 60 | Jennite | Ca9Si6O18(OH)6•8H2O |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 3.302(26.98) | 90 | 2.621(34.18) | 30 | Yofortierite | (Mn,Mg)5Si8O20(OH)2•8-9(H2O) |
| 10.500(8.41) | 100 | 5.260(16.84) | 17 | 3.500(25.43) | 6 | Hydrowoodwardite | Cu1-xAlx(OH)2(SO4)x/2•n(H2O) with 0 < x < 0.67 and n > 3x/2 |
| 10.501(8.41) | 100 | 3.837(23.16) | 70 | 3.118(28.61) | 70 | Alfredstelznerite | Ca4(H2O)4 [B4O4(OH)6]4 {H2O}15 |
| 10.501(8.41) | 100 | 3.837(23.16) | 70 | 5.226(16.95) | 70 | Alfredstelznerite | Ca4(H2O)4 [B4O4(OH)6]4 {H2O}15 |
| 10.501(8.41) | 100 | 3.118(28.61) | 70 | 3.837(23.16) | 70 | Alfredstelznerite | Ca4(H2O)4 [B4O4(OH)6]4 {H2O}15 |
| 10.510(8.41) | 100 | 3.484(25.55) | 60 | 2.606(34.38) | 40 | Kazakhstanite | Fe+++5V++++3V+++++12O39(OH)9•9(H2O) |
| 10.510(8.41) | 100 | 3.081(28.96) | 78 | 2.969(30.07) | 44 | Rimkorolgite | Mg5Ba(PO4)4•8(H2O) |
| 10.538(8.38) | 100 | 9.360(9.44) | 14 | 9.570(9.23) | 13 | Parwanite | (Na,K)(Mg,Ca)4Al8(PO4)8(CO3)(OH)7•30H2O |
| 10.538(8.38) | 100 | 10.031(8.81) | 14 | 9.360(9.44) | 13 | Parwanite | (Na,K)(Mg,Ca)4Al8(PO4)8(CO3)(OH)7•30H2O |
| 10.540(8.38) | 100 | 3.510(25.35) | 70 | 2.787(32.09) | 60 | Shafranovskite | K2Na3(Mn++,Fe++,Na)4[Si9(O,OH)27](OH)2•n(H2O), n~2.33 |
| 10.560(8.37) | 100 | 3.500(25.43) | 100 | 2.780(32.17) | 80 | Nalivkinite | Li2NaFe++7Ti2Si8O24(OH)4F |
| 10.560(8.37) | 100 | 3.196(27.89) | 80 | 6.380(13.87) | 50 | Intersilite | Na6Mn++Ti[Si10O24(OH)](OH)3•4(H2O) |
| 10.590(8.34) | 100 | 2.710(33.03) | 42 | 2.630(34.06) | 41 | Namuwite | (Zn,Cu)4(SO4)(OH)6•4(H2O) |
| 10.600(8.33) | 100 | 5.860(15.11) | 90 | 6.340(13.96) | 60 | Dypingite | Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2•5(H2O) |
| 10.600(8.33) | 100 | 3.510(25.35) | 80 | 2.770(32.29) | 60 | Astrophyllite | K2Na(Fe++,Mn)7Ti2Si8O26(OH)4 |
| 10.640(8.30) | 100 | 5.440(16.28) | 70 | 4.570(19.41) | 60 | Rankachite | CaFe++V+++++4W++++++8O36•12(H2O) |
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