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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 3.192(27.93) | 100 | 3.074(29.02) | 100 | 2.706(33.08) | 40 | Gabrielsonite | PbFe++(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.193(27.92) | 100 | 11.040(8.00) | 90 | 3.370(26.43) | 90 | Sedovite | U(MoO4)2 |
| 3.193(27.92) | 100 | 2.972(30.04) | 92 | 2.498(35.92) | 62 | Schneebergite | Bi(Co,Ni)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 3.193(27.92) | 100 | 3.453(25.78) | 100 | 3.643(24.41) | 90 | Jorgensenite | Na2(Sr,Ba)14Na2Al12F64(OH,F) |
| 3.193(27.92) | 100 | 3.370(26.43) | 90 | 11.040(8.00) | 90 | Sedovite | U(MoO4)2 |
| 3.194(27.91) | 100 | 3.212(27.75) | 95 | 2.595(34.53) | 90 | Gwihabaite | (NH4,K)(NO3) |
| 3.194(27.91) | 100 | 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.156(41.87) | 80 | Bahianite | Al5Sb+++++3O14(OH)2 |
| 3.194(27.91) | 100 | 6.390(13.85) | 100 | 3.050(29.26) | 80 | Lepkhenelmite-Zn | Ba2Zn(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4•7(H2O) |
| 3.195(27.90) | 100 | 5.903(15.00) | 64 | 3.365(26.47) | 56 | Clarkeite | (Na,Ca,Pb)(UO2)O(OH)•0-1(H2O) |
| 3.195(27.90) | 100 | 6.394(13.84) | 63 | 2.541(35.29) | 38 | Arsenolite | As2O3 |
| 3.195(27.90) | 100 | 2.990(29.86) | 70 | 2.882(31.00) | 70 | Zimbabweite | Na(Pb,Na,K)2(Ta,Nb,Ti)4As+++4O18 |
| 3.195(27.90) | 100 | 2.882(31.00) | 70 | 2.990(29.86) | 70 | Zimbabweite | Na(Pb,Na,K)2(Ta,Nb,Ti)4As+++4O18 |
| 3.196(27.89) | 100 | 3.573(24.90) | 50 | 4.842(18.31) | 50 | Rockbridgeite | (Fe++,Mn)Fe+++4(PO4)3(OH)5 |
| 3.196(27.89) | 100 | 3.160(28.22) | 97 | 2.972(30.04) | 81 | Versiliaite | Fe++4Fe+++8Sb+++12O23S2 |
| 3.196(27.89) | 100 | 2.980(29.96) | 72 | 1.702(53.82) | 57 | Nickelschneebergite | Bi(Ni,Co)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 3.196(27.89) | 100 | 4.842(18.31) | 50 | 3.573(24.90) | 50 | Rockbridgeite | (Fe++,Mn)Fe+++4(PO4)3(OH)5 |
| 3.198(27.87) | 100 | 1.875(48.51) | 100 | 2.041(44.35) | 81 | Palladseite | Pd17Se15 |
| 3.198(27.87) | 100 | 3.307(26.94) | 80 | 2.960(30.17) | 80 | Barysilite | Pb8Mn(Si2O7)3 |
| 3.198(27.87) | 100 | 4.162(21.33) | 44 | 3.468(25.67) | 36 | Lisetite | Na2CaAl4Si4O16 |
| 3.198(27.87) | 100 | 2.960(30.17) | 80 | 3.307(26.94) | 80 | Barysilite | Pb8Mn(Si2O7)3 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 4.020(22.09) | 80 | 3.740(23.77) | 80 | Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 4.030(22.04) | 80 | 3.750(23.71) | 80 | Bytownite | (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 7.140(12.39) | 70 | 5.050(17.55) | 70 | Priderite | (K,Ba)(Ti,Fe+++)8O16 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 9.500(9.30) | 90 | 6.300(14.05) | 90 | Satimolite | KNa2Al4(B2O5)3Cl3•13(H2O) |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 6.300(14.05) | 90 | 9.500(9.30) | 90 | Satimolite | KNa2Al4(B2O5)3Cl3•13(H2O) |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 5.050(17.55) | 70 | 7.140(12.39) | 70 | Priderite | (K,Ba)(Ti,Fe+++)8O16 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.750(23.71) | 80 | 4.030(22.04) | 80 | Bytownite | (Ca,Na)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 1.877(48.46) | 54 | 2.043(44.30) | 38 | Indite | Fe++In2S4 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 2.580(34.74) | 90 | 2.929(30.49) | 80 | Carminite | PbFe+++2(AsO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 2.700(33.15) | 50 | 3.050(29.26) | 18 | Manganolangbeinite | K2Mn2(SO4)3 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 2.737(32.69) | 80 | 4.280(20.74) | 70 | Reddingite | Mn++3(PO4)2•3(H2O) |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 2.880(31.03) | 90 | 3.650(24.37) | 40 | Haradaite | Sr4V++++4Si8O28 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.010(29.65) | 90 | 2.590(34.60) | 60 | Samsonite | Ag4MnSb2S6 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.180(28.04) | 75 | 4.040(21.98) | 60 | Anorthite | CaAl2Si2O8 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.030(29.45) | 9 | Keiviite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y)2Si2O7 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.519(25.29) | 80 | 4.879(18.17) | 70 | Bergslagite | CaBe(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.630(24.50) | 100 | 2.590(34.60) | 80 | Magbasite | KBa(Al,Sc)(Mg,Fe++)6Si6O20F2 |
| 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.740(23.77) | 80 | 4.020(22.09) | 80 | Oligoclase | (Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.201(27.85) | 100 | 4.116(21.57) | 100 | 7.110(12.44) | 100 | Gobbinsite | (Na2,Ca)2K2Al6Si10O32•12(H2O) |
| 3.201(27.85) | 100 | 2.965(30.12) | 90 | 3.043(29.33) | 60 | Rosenhahnite | Ca3Si3O8[(OH)2-4x,(CO3)x] |
| 3.201(27.85) | 100 | 1.586(58.11) | 80 | 2.473(36.30) | 70 | Mannardite | BaTi6V+++2O16•(H2O) |
| 3.201(27.85) | 100 | 7.110(12.44) | 100 | 4.116(21.57) | 100 | Gobbinsite | (Na2,Ca)2K2Al6Si10O32•12(H2O) |
| 3.202(27.84) | 100 | 2.476(36.25) | 70 | 1.589(57.99) | 70 | Ankangite | Ba(Ti,V+++,Cr+++)8O16 |
| 3.202(27.84) | 100 | 1.589(57.99) | 70 | 2.476(36.25) | 70 | Ankangite | Ba(Ti,V+++,Cr+++)8O16 |
| 3.202(27.84) | 100 | 2.772(32.27) | 68 | 3.099(28.78) | 64 | Nickeltalmessite | Ca2Ni(AsO4)2•2H2O |
| 3.202(27.84) | 100 | 2.975(30.01) | 98 | 3.155(28.26) | 71 | Georgbarsanovite | Na12(Mn,Sr,REE)3Ca6Fe++3Zr3NbSi25O76Cl2•H2O |
| 3.203(27.83) | 100 | 2.523(35.55) | 90 | 9.610(9.19) | 75 | Ephesite | NaLiAl2(Al2Si2)O10(OH)2 |
| 3.204(27.82) | 100 | 1.779(51.31) | 70 | 2.999(29.77) | 30 | Pseudograndreefite | Pb6SO4F1O |
| 3.204(27.82) | 100 | 3.542(25.12) | 100 | 1.873(48.57) | 75 | Dachiardite-Ca | (Ca,Na2,K2)5Al10Si38O96•25(H2O) |
| 3.205(27.81) | 100 | 6.407(13.81) | 57 | 2.635(33.99) | 54 | Gaylussite | Na2Ca(CO3)2•5(H2O) |
| 3.206(27.80) | 100 | 5.030(17.62) | 80 | 1.992(45.50) | 45 | IMA2008-040 | BiMo2O7(OH)•2H2O |
| 3.206(27.80) | 100 | 2.924(30.55) | 70 | 3.644(24.41) | 60 | Cannonite | Bi2O(OH)2SO4 |
| 3.206(27.80) | 100 | 3.246(27.45) | 75 | 3.152(28.29) | 50 | Scorzalite | (Fe++,Mg)Al2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3.206(27.80) | 100 | 3.504(25.40) | 80 | 3.184(28.00) | 72 | Stronalsite | SrNa2Al4Si4O16 |
| 3.206(27.80) | 100 | 3.025(29.50) | 100 | 2.798(31.96) | 50 | Fergusonite-beta-(Nd) | (Nd,Ce)NbO4 |
| 3.207(27.80) | 100 | 4.284(20.72) | 80 | 5.096(17.39) | 80 | Landesite | (Mn,Mg)9Fe+++3(PO4)8(OH)3•9(H2O) |
| 3.207(27.80) | 100 | 5.096(17.39) | 80 | 4.284(20.72) | 80 | Landesite | (Mn,Mg)9Fe+++3(PO4)8(OH)3•9(H2O) |
| 3.208(27.79) | 100 | 3.095(28.82) | 90 | 3.075(29.01) | 50 | Trolleite | Al4(PO4)3(OH)3 |
| 3.208(27.79) | 100 | 10.354(8.53) | 94 | 3.088(28.89) | 76 | Orthowalpurgite | (UO2)Bi4O4(AsO4)2•2(H2O) |
| 3.209(27.78) | 100 | 11.120(7.94) | 100 | 2.751(32.52) | 60 | Sterlinghillite | Mn++3(AsO4)2•3(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 3.020(29.55) | 90 | 2.910(30.70) | 90 | Kanoite | (Mn++,Mg)2Si2O6 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | Phillipsite-Ca | (Ca,K,Na)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 5.140(17.24) | 100 | 2.510(35.74) | 90 | Paralaurionite | PbCl(OH) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | Phillipsite-Na | (Na,K,Ca)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 6.930(12.76) | 100 | 3.110(28.68) | 90 | Neskevaaraite-Fe | NaK3Fe(Ti,Nb)4(Si4O12)2(O,OH)4•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.910(30.70) | 80 | 2.710(33.03) | 70 | Bushmakinite | Pb2Al(PO4)(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 3.180(28.04) | 90 | 4.040(21.98) | 80 | Andesine | (Na,Ca)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 4.020(22.09) | 100 | 2.510(35.74) | 80 | Petscheckite | U++++Fe++(Nb,Ta)2O8 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.945(30.32) | 90 | 2.441(36.79) | 80 | Rusakovite | (Fe+++,Al)5(VO4,PO4)2(OH)9•3(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 4.470(19.85) | 100 | 5.150(17.20) | 80 | Schubnelite | Fe++(V+++++O4)(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 4.680(18.95) | 80 | 2.910(30.70) | 70 | Bushmakinite | Pb2Al(PO4)(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 3.260(27.33) | 90 | 2.910(30.70) | 90 | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 6.350(13.93) | 100 | 2.621(34.18) | 55 | Iriginite | (UO2)(Mo++++++2O7)•3(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.990(29.86) | 85 | 5.990(14.78) | 60 | Pyatenkoite-(Y) | Na5(Y,Dy,Gd)TiSi6O18•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | Phillipsite-Ca | (Ca,K,Na)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | Phillipsite-K | (K,Na,Ca)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | Phillipsite-Na | (Na,K,Ca)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.030(44.60) | 35 | 3.720(23.90) | 35 | Toyohaite | Ag2FeSn3S8 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 7.180(12.32) | 100 | 7.160(12.35) | 100 | Phillipsite-K | (K,Na,Ca)1-2(Si,Al)8O16•6(H2O) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 1.937(46.86) | 100 | 2.010(45.07) | 90 | Huanghoite-(Ce) | BaCe(CO3)2F |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 1.608(57.24) | 30 | 4.240(20.93) | 20 | Tinnunculite | C10H12N6O8 (?) |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.910(30.70) | 90 | 3.260(27.33) | 90 | Plagionite | Pb5Sb8S17 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 2.910(30.70) | 90 | 3.020(29.55) | 90 | Kanoite | (Mn++,Mg)2Si2O6 |
| 3.210(27.77) | 100 | 3.720(23.90) | 35 | 2.030(44.60) | 35 | Toyohaite | Ag2FeSn3S8 |
| 3.211(27.76) | 100 | 3.243(27.48) | 90 | 4.106(21.63) | 16 | Anorthoclase | (Na,K)AlSi3O8 |
| 3.212(27.75) | 100 | 3.012(29.63) | 60 | 4.880(18.16) | 50 | Edoylerite | Hg++3Cr++++++O4S2 |
| 3.213(27.74) | 100 | 2.977(29.99) | 91 | 2.859(31.26) | 79 | Mogovidite | Na9(Ca,Na)6Ca6Fe2Zr3[ ]Si25O72(CO3)(OH)4 |
| 3.213(27.74) | 100 | 3.490(25.50) | 68 | 3.230(27.59) | 48 | Cubanite | CuFe2S3 |
| 3.215(27.72) | 100 | 2.817(31.74) | 88 | 3.466(25.68) | 78 | Sarabauite | CaSb10O10S6 |
| 3.216(27.72) | 100 | 4.840(18.31) | 90 | 3.116(28.62) | 80 | Meurigite-K | [K(H2O)2.5][Fe+++8(PO4)6(OH)7(H2O)4] |
| 3.218(27.70) | 100 | 1.972(45.98) | 42 | 2.788(32.08) | 40 | Senarmontite | Sb2O3 |
| 3.218(27.70) | 100 | 3.132(28.47) | 62 | 2.812(31.80) | 58 | Lulzacite | Sr2Fe++(Fe++,Mg)2Al4(PO4)4(OH)10 |
| 3.219(27.69) | 100 | 3.649(24.37) | 90 | 2.785(32.11) | 80 | Seeligerite | Pb3Cl3(IO3)O |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 6.320(14.00) | 70 | 3.530(25.21) | 50 | Guanine | C5H3(NH2)N4O |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 2.979(29.97) | 95 | 2.857(31.28) | 88 | Zirsilite-(Ce) | (Na,[ ])12(Ce, Na)3Ca6Mn3Zr3Nb(Si25O73)(OH)3(CO3)•H2O |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 1.740(52.55) | 90 | 2.730(32.78) | 80 | Sillenite | Bi12SiO20 |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 3.010(29.65) | 100 | 2.610(34.33) | 80 | Parageorgbokiite | Cu5O2(SeO3)2Cl2 |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 3.100(28.77) | 90 | 3.530(25.21) | 90 | Cornwallite | Cu5(AsO4)2(OH)4 |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 3.650(24.37) | 90 | 6.300(14.05) | 70 | Cancrisilite | Na7Al5Si7O24(C03)•3(H2O) |
| 3.220(27.68) | 100 | 4.110(21.60) | 60 | 5.010(17.69) | 60 | Osumilite-(Mg) | (K,Na)(Mg,Fe++)2(Al,Fe+++)3(Si,Al)12O30 |