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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 3.402(26.17) | 100 | 3.369(26.43) | 74 | 2.815(31.76) | 70 | Rouxelite | Cu2HgPb22Sb28S64(O,S)2 |
| 3.405(26.15) | 100 | 3.062(29.14) | 56 | 2.513(35.70) | 49 | Cobaltkieserite | CoSO4•H2O |
| 3.406(26.14) | 100 | 3.050(29.26) | 100 | 4.000(22.21) | 100 | Calciouranoite | (Ca,Ba,Pb)U2O7•5(H2O) |
| 3.409(26.12) | 100 | 3.331(26.74) | 90 | 4.840(18.31) | 90 | Kieserite | MgSO4•(H2O) |
| 3.409(26.12) | 100 | 4.840(18.31) | 90 | 3.331(26.74) | 90 | Kieserite | MgSO4•(H2O) |
| 3.410(26.11) | 40 | 2.520(35.60) | 40 | 9.970(8.86) | 40 | Montdorite | (K,Na)(Fe++,Mn++,Mg)2.5[Si4O10](F,OH)2 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 2.040(44.37) | 70 | 1.750(52.23) | 70 | Usovite | Ba2CaMgAl2F14 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 2.850(31.36) | 40 | 2.940(30.38) | 30 | Heyrovskyite | Pb10AgBi5S18 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 3.260(27.33) | 80 | 3.060(29.16) | 75 | Avogadrite | (K,Cs)BF4 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 1.750(52.23) | 70 | 2.040(44.37) | 70 | Usovite | Ba2CaMgAl2F14 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 5.570(15.90) | 90 | 2.900(30.81) | 80 | Wairakite | CaAl2Si4O12•2(H2O) |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 2.090(43.25) | 40 | 2.850(31.36) | 30 | Heyrovskyite | Pb10AgBi5S18 |
| 3.410(26.11) | 100 | 2.270(39.67) | 50 | 6.830(12.95) | 40 | Cerotungstite-(Ce) | (Ce,REE)W2O6(OH)3 |
| 3.411(26.10) | 100 | 3.252(27.40) | 83 | 5.260(16.84) | 68 | Sazhinite-(La) | Na3La[Si6O15]•2(H2O) |
| 3.412(26.09) | 100 | 2.721(32.89) | 60 | 2.031(44.58) | 60 | Sakharovaite | (Pb,Fe)(Bi,Sb)2S4 |
| 3.412(26.09) | 100 | 2.031(44.58) | 60 | 2.721(32.89) | 60 | Sakharovaite | (Pb,Fe)(Bi,Sb)2S4 |
| 3.414(26.08) | 100 | 10.130(8.72) | 100 | 3.198(27.87) | 80 | Sidpietersite | Pb++4(S++++++O3S--)O2(OH)2 |
| 3.414(26.08) | 100 | 2.014(44.97) | 80 | 2.893(30.88) | 70 | Eclarite | Pb9(Cu,Fe)Bi12S28 |
| 3.416(26.06) | 100 | 2.927(30.52) | 64 | 3.186(27.98) | 40 | Lukrahnite | Ca(Cu,Zn)(Fe,Zn)(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 3.418(26.05) | 100 | 2.763(32.38) | 95 | 2.358(38.13) | 73 | Leningradite | PbCu++3(VO4)2Cl2 |
| 3.420(26.03) | 100 | 4.770(18.59) | 55 | 3.070(29.06) | 45 | Gunningite | (Zn,Mn)SO4•(H2O) |
| 3.420(26.03) | 100 | 3.370(26.43) | 65 | 2.200(40.99) | 60 | Sillimanite | Al2SiO5 = Al[6]Al[4]OSiO4 |
| 3.420(26.03) | 100 | 1.903(47.75) | 80 | 2.455(36.57) | 70 | Brannerite | (U,Ca,Ce)(Ti,Fe)2O6 |
| 3.421(26.02) | 100 | 2.907(30.73) | 100 | 3.652(24.35) | 80 | Pollucite | (Cs,Na)2Al2Si4O12•(H2O) |
| 3.423(26.01) | 100 | 4.020(22.09) | 38 | 3.562(24.98) | 31 | Pellouxite | (Cu,Ag)Pb10Sb12S27(Cl,S)0.6O |
| 3.424(26.00) | 100 | 5.085(17.43) | 64 | 3.405(26.15) | 27 | IMA2008-022 | UO2(OH)2 |
| 3.426(25.99) | 100 | 3.378(26.36) | 88 | 2.941(30.37) | 54 | Aschamalmite | Pb6Bi2S9 |
| 3.426(25.99) | 100 | 3.289(27.09) | 100 | 4.037(22.00) | 90 | Eztlite | Pb2Fe+++6(Te++++O3)3(Te++++++O6)(OH)10•8(H2O) |
| 3.427(25.98) | 100 | 3.312(26.90) | 80 | 3.042(29.34) | 80 | Izoklakeite | Pb27(Cu,Fe)2(Sb,Bi)19S57 |
| 3.427(25.98) | 100 | 2.753(32.50) | 80 | 2.779(32.18) | 75 | Moeloite | Pb6Sb6S14(S3) |
| 3.427(25.98) | 100 | 2.017(44.90) | 80 | 2.753(32.50) | 75 | Moeloite | Pb6Sb6S14(S3) |
| 3.427(25.98) | 100 | 3.042(29.34) | 80 | 3.312(26.90) | 80 | Izoklakeite | Pb27(Cu,Fe)2(Sb,Bi)19S57 |
| 3.428(25.97) | 100 | 5.500(16.10) | 64 | 1.713(53.44) | 61 | Eugsterite | Na4Ca(SO4)3•2(H2O) |
| 3.428(25.97) | 100 | 3.441(25.87) | 100 | 3.206(27.80) | 80 | Chervetite | Pb2V2O7 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 3.050(29.26) | 100 | 2.790(32.05) | 70 | Weilite | CaHAsO4 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 3.750(23.71) | 60 | 2.734(32.73) | 50 | Gratonite | Pb9As4S15 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 2.925(30.54) | 80 | 5.610(15.78) | 80 | Analcime | NaAlSi2O6•(H2O) |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 2.813(31.78) | 35 | 3.700(24.03) | 35 | Jamesonite | Pb4FeSb6S14 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 3.190(27.95) | 65 | 2.308(38.99) | 60 | Pellyite | Ba2Ca(Fe++,Mg)2Si6O17 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 5.610(15.78) | 80 | 2.925(30.54) | 80 | Analcime | NaAlSi2O6•(H2O) |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 3.700(24.03) | 35 | 2.813(31.78) | 35 | Jamesonite | Pb4FeSb6S14 |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 8.330(10.61) | 60 | 2.720(32.90) | 50 | Ungemachite | K3Na8Fe+++(SO4)6(NO3)2•6(H2O) |
| 3.430(25.96) | 100 | 3.210(27.77) | 35 | 2.683(33.37) | 30 | Bradaczekite | NaCu4(AsO4)3 |
| 3.431(25.95) | 100 | 3.335(26.71) | 80 | 6.670(13.26) | 60 | Vlodavetsite | AlCa2(SO4)2F2Cl•4(H2O) |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.820(31.70) | 100 | 2.910(30.70) | 100 | Franckeite | (Pb,Sn)6Fe++Sn2Sb2S14 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.490(36.04) | 90 | 2.660(33.67) | 90 | Nolanite | (V+++,Fe++,Fe+++,Ti)10O14(OH)2 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.560(35.02) | 80 | 4.520(19.62) | 70 | Xenotime-(Yb) | YbPO4 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 24.100(3.66) | 100 | 8.040(11.00) | 100 | Bornemanite | BaNa3{(Na,Ti)4[(Ti,Nb)2O2Si4O14](F,OH)2}•PO4 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 3.150(28.31) | 80 | 2.570(34.88) | 80 | Jinshajiangite | Na2K5BaCa(Fe,Mn)8(Ti,Fe,Nb,Zr)4Si8O32(O,F,H2O)6 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.660(33.67) | 90 | 2.490(36.04) | 90 | Nolanite | (V+++,Fe++,Fe+++,Ti)10O14(OH)2 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.570(34.88) | 80 | 3.150(28.31) | 80 | Jinshajiangite | Na2K5BaCa(Fe,Mn)8(Ti,Fe,Nb,Zr)4Si8O32(O,F,H2O)6 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.677(33.45) | 95 | 2.753(32.50) | 75 | Bismoclite | BiOCl |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 2.810(31.82) | 30 | 3.370(26.43) | 25 | Cosalite | Pb2Bi2S5 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 3.120(28.59) | 40 | 2.520(35.60) | 35 | Szomolnokite | Fe++SO4•(H2O) |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 3.380(26.35) | 90 | 4.130(21.50) | 60 | Sorbyite | Pb19(Sb,As)20S49 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 3.850(23.08) | 90 | 4.080(21.76) | 50 | Farringtonite | Mg3(PO4)2 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 8.040(11.00) | 100 | 24.100(3.66) | 100 | Bornemanite | BaNa3{(Na,Ti)4[(Ti,Nb)2O2Si4O14](F,OH)2}•PO4 |
| 3.440(25.88) | 100 | 3.030(29.45) | 100 | 3.780(23.52) | 90 | Marialite | Na4Al3Si9O24Cl |
| 3.441(25.87) | 100 | 3.428(25.97) | 100 | 3.206(27.80) | 80 | Chervetite | Pb2V2O7 |
| 3.441(25.87) | 100 | 4.020(22.09) | 100 | 3.507(25.38) | 100 | Nalipoite | NaLi2PO4 |
| 3.441(25.87) | 100 | 3.507(25.38) | 100 | 4.020(22.09) | 100 | Nalipoite | NaLi2PO4 |
| 3.441(25.87) | 100 | 1.870(48.65) | 25 | 4.442(19.97) | 13 | Virgilite | LixAlxSi3-xO6 |
| 3.442(25.86) | 100 | 4.060(21.87) | 31 | 4.360(20.35) | 20 | Alarsite | AlAsO4 |
| 3.442(25.86) | 100 | 3.101(28.77) | 97 | 2.120(42.61) | 80 | Barite | BaSO4 |
| 3.444(25.85) | 100 | 3.505(25.39) | 52 | 2.390(37.60) | 49 | Mereiterite | K2Fe++(SO4)2•4(H2O) |
| 3.445(25.84) | 100 | 1.867(48.73) | 100 | 1.970(46.03) | 90 | Calciborite | CaB2O4 |
| 3.445(25.84) | 100 | 2.222(40.57) | 80 | 3.653(24.35) | 70 | Yaroslavite | Ca3Al2F10(OH)2•(H2O) |
| 3.445(25.84) | 100 | 4.360(20.35) | 19 | 2.362(38.07) | 14 | Rodolicoite | Fe+++PO4 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.940(30.38) | 80 | 3.530(25.21) | 80 | Hyalotekite | (Ba,Pb,Ca,K)6(B,Si,Al)2(Si,Be)10O28(F,Cl) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.920(30.59) | 80 | 4.170(21.29) | 80 | Launayite | Pb22Sb26S61 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.890(30.92) | 85 | 7.250(12.20) | 85 | Vayrynenite | MnBe(PO4)(OH,F) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 6.920(12.78) | 80 | 8.880(9.95) | 80 | Dachiardite-Na | (Na2,Ca,K2)4Al4Si20O48•13(H2O) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.800(31.94) | 40 | 1.828(49.84) | 30 | Zinkenite | Pb9Sb22S42 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 1.961(46.26) | 50 | 3.030(29.45) | 40 | Galenobismutite | PbBi2S4 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 1.768(51.66) | 50 | 2.560(35.02) | 50 | Xenotime-(Y) | YPO4 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.829(31.60) | 40 | 4.100(21.66) | 30 | Benavidesite | Pb4(Mn,Fe)Sb6S14 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.750(32.53) | 100 | 3.000(29.76) | 70 | Marrite | PbAgAsS3 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 3.070(29.06) | 40 | 3.820(23.27) | 20 | Silvialite | (Ca,Na)4Al6Si6O24(SO4,CO3) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 3.210(27.77) | 90 | 8.890(9.94) | 90 | Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16•5(H2O) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 8.880(9.95) | 80 | 6.920(12.78) | 80 | Dachiardite-Na | (Na2,Ca,K2)4Al4Si20O48•13(H2O) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 1.828(49.84) | 40 | 1.985(45.67) | 30 | Zinkenite | Pb9Sb22S42 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 5.560(15.93) | 83 | 11.290(7.82) | 63 | Chloromenite | Cu9O2(SeO3)4Cl6 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 5.450(16.25) | 90 | 3.060(29.16) | 80 | Teineite | CuTeO3•2(H2O) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 7.250(12.20) | 85 | 2.890(30.92) | 85 | Vayrynenite | MnBe(PO4)(OH,F) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 3.530(25.21) | 80 | 2.940(30.38) | 80 | Hyalotekite | (Ba,Pb,Ca,K)6(B,Si,Al)2(Si,Be)10O28(F,Cl) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 3.260(27.33) | 90 | 3.050(29.26) | 80 | Manaksite | KNaMn++Si4O10 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 7.100(12.46) | 93 | 3.100(28.77) | 67 | Nickelzippeite | Ni++2(UO2)6(SO4)3(OH)10•16(H2O) |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 2.560(35.02) | 50 | 1.768(51.66) | 50 | Xenotime-(Y) | YPO4 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 4.170(21.29) | 80 | 2.920(30.59) | 80 | Launayite | Pb22Sb26S61 |
| 3.450(25.80) | 100 | 8.890(9.94) | 90 | 3.210(27.77) | 90 | Epistilbite | CaAl2Si6O16•5(H2O) |
| 3.453(25.78) | 100 | 3.193(27.92) | 100 | 3.643(24.41) | 90 | Jorgensenite | Na2(Sr,Ba)14Na2Al12F64(OH,F) |
| 3.454(25.77) | 100 | 2.592(34.58) | 70 | 2.074(43.60) | 40 | Surkhobite | KBa3Ca2Na2(Mn, Fe++,Fe+++)16Ti8(Si2O7)8O8(OH)4 (F,O,OH)8 |
| 3.456(25.76) | 100 | 2.118(42.65) | 100 | 1.804(50.55) | 60 | Cameronite | AgCu7Te10 |
| 3.457(25.75) | 100 | 4.944(17.93) | 100 | 4.732(18.74) | 80 | Metadelrioite | CaSrV2O6(OH)2•(H2O) |
| 3.457(25.75) | 100 | 2.834(31.54) | 99 | 3.607(24.66) | 57 | IMA2005-036 | Cu8Pb4Ag3Bi19S38 |
| 3.460(25.73) | 100 | 2.690(33.28) | 90 | 3.380(26.35) | 80 | Wenkite | Ba4Ca6(Si,Al)20O39(OH)2(SO4)3•n(H2O) (?) |
| 3.460(25.73) | 100 | 3.030(29.45) | 70 | 3.820(23.27) | 60 | Scapolite | (Na,Ca)4[(Al,Si)12O24]Cl |
| 3.460(25.73) | 100 | 4.720(18.78) | 50 | 3.080(28.97) | 50 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe++,Zn)SO4•(H2O) |
| 3.460(25.73) | 100 | 3.070(29.06) | 70 | 3.030(29.45) | 60 | Scapolite | (Na,Ca)4[(Al,Si)12O24]Cl |
| 3.460(25.73) | 100 | 3.080(28.97) | 50 | 4.720(18.78) | 50 | Poitevinite | (Cu,Fe++,Zn)SO4•(H2O) |