Title: wp_install_defaults Published: April 25, 2014 Last modified: May 20, 2026 --- # wp_install_defaults( int $user_id ) ## In this article * [Description](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#description) * [Parameters](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#parameters) * [Source](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#source) * [Related](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#related) * [Changelog](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#changelog) * [User Contributed Notes](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#user-contributed-notes) [ Back to top](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#wp--skip-link--target) Creates the initial content for a newly-installed site. ## 󠀁[Description](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#description)󠁿 Adds the default “Uncategorized” category, the first post (with comment), first page, and default widgets for default theme for the current version. ## 󠀁[Parameters](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#parameters)󠁿 `$user_id`intrequired User ID. ## 󠀁[Source](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#source)󠁿 ```php function wp_install_defaults( $user_id ) { global $wpdb, $wp_rewrite, $table_prefix; // Default category. $cat_name = __( 'Uncategorized' ); /* translators: Default category slug. */ $cat_slug = sanitize_title( _x( 'Uncategorized', 'Default category slug' ) ); $cat_id = 1; $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->terms, array( 'term_id' => $cat_id, 'name' => $cat_name, 'slug' => $cat_slug, 'term_group' => 0, ) ); $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->term_taxonomy, array( 'term_id' => $cat_id, 'taxonomy' => 'category', 'description' => '', 'parent' => 0, 'count' => 1, ) ); $cat_tt_id = $wpdb->insert_id; // First post. $now = current_time( 'mysql' ); $now_gmt = current_time( 'mysql', true ); $first_post_guid = get_option( 'home' ) . '/?p=1'; if ( is_multisite() ) { $first_post = get_site_option( 'first_post' ); if ( ! $first_post ) { $first_post = "\n

" . /* translators: First post content. %s: Site link. */ __( 'Welcome to %s. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start writing!' ) . "

\n"; } $first_post = sprintf( $first_post, sprintf( '%s', esc_url( network_home_url() ), get_network()->site_name ) ); // Back-compat for pre-4.4. $first_post = str_replace( 'SITE_URL', esc_url( network_home_url() ), $first_post ); $first_post = str_replace( 'SITE_NAME', get_network()->site_name, $first_post ); } else { $first_post = "\n

" . /* translators: First post content. %s: Site link. */ __( 'Welcome to WordPress. This is your first post. Edit or delete it, then start writing!' ) . "

\n"; } $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->posts, array( 'post_author' => $user_id, 'post_date' => $now, 'post_date_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'post_content' => $first_post, 'post_excerpt' => '', 'post_title' => __( 'Hello world!' ), /* translators: Default post slug. */ 'post_name' => sanitize_title( _x( 'hello-world', 'Default post slug' ) ), 'post_modified' => $now, 'post_modified_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'guid' => $first_post_guid, 'comment_count' => 1, 'to_ping' => '', 'pinged' => '', 'post_content_filtered' => '', ) ); if ( is_multisite() ) { update_posts_count(); } $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->term_relationships, array( 'term_taxonomy_id' => $cat_tt_id, 'object_id' => 1, ) ); // Default comment. if ( is_multisite() ) { $first_comment_author = get_site_option( 'first_comment_author' ); $first_comment_email = get_site_option( 'first_comment_email' ); $first_comment_url = get_site_option( 'first_comment_url', network_home_url() ); $first_comment = get_site_option( 'first_comment' ); } $first_comment_author = ! empty( $first_comment_author ) ? $first_comment_author : __( 'A WordPress Commenter' ); $first_comment_email = ! empty( $first_comment_email ) ? $first_comment_email : 'wapuu@wordpress.example'; $first_comment_url = ! empty( $first_comment_url ) ? $first_comment_url : esc_url( __( 'https://wordpress.org/' ) ); $first_comment = ! empty( $first_comment ) ? $first_comment : sprintf( /* translators: %s: Gravatar URL. */ __( 'Hi, this is a comment. To get started with moderating, editing, and deleting comments, please visit the Comments screen in the dashboard. Commenter avatars come from Gravatar.' ), /* translators: The localized Gravatar URL. */ esc_url( __( 'https://gravatar.com/' ) ) ); $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->comments, array( 'comment_post_ID' => 1, 'comment_author' => $first_comment_author, 'comment_author_email' => $first_comment_email, 'comment_author_url' => $first_comment_url, 'comment_date' => $now, 'comment_date_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'comment_content' => $first_comment, 'comment_type' => 'comment', ) ); // First page. if ( is_multisite() ) { $first_page = get_site_option( 'first_page' ); } if ( empty( $first_page ) ) { $first_page = "\n

"; /* translators: First page content. */ $first_page .= __( "This is an example page. It's different from a blog post because it will stay in one place and will show up in your site navigation (in most themes). Most people start with an About page that introduces them to potential site visitors. It might say something like this:" ); $first_page .= "

\n\n\n"; $first_page .= "\n
\n\n

"; /* translators: First page content. */ $first_page .= __( "Hi there! I'm a bike messenger by day, aspiring actor by night, and this is my website. I live in Los Angeles, have a great dog named Jack, and I like piña coladas. (And gettin' caught in the rain.)" ); $first_page .= "

\n\n
\n\n\n"; $first_page .= "\n

"; /* translators: First page content. */ $first_page .= __( '...or something like this:' ); $first_page .= "

\n\n\n"; $first_page .= "\n
\n\n

"; /* translators: First page content. */ $first_page .= __( 'The XYZ Doohickey Company was founded in 1971, and has been providing quality doohickeys to the public ever since. Located in Gotham City, XYZ employs over 2,000 people and does all kinds of awesome things for the Gotham community.' ); $first_page .= "

\n\n
\n\n\n"; $first_page .= "\n

"; $first_page .= sprintf( /* translators: First page content. %s: Site admin URL. */ __( 'As a new WordPress user, you should go to your dashboard to delete this page and create new pages for your content. Have fun!' ), admin_url() ); $first_page .= "

\n"; } $first_post_guid = get_option( 'home' ) . '/?page_id=2'; $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->posts, array( 'post_author' => $user_id, 'post_date' => $now, 'post_date_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'post_content' => $first_page, 'post_excerpt' => '', 'comment_status' => 'closed', 'post_title' => __( 'Sample Page' ), /* translators: Default page slug. */ 'post_name' => __( 'sample-page' ), 'post_modified' => $now, 'post_modified_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'guid' => $first_post_guid, 'post_type' => 'page', 'to_ping' => '', 'pinged' => '', 'post_content_filtered' => '', ) ); $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->postmeta, array( 'post_id' => 2, 'meta_key' => '_wp_page_template', 'meta_value' => 'default', ) ); // Privacy Policy page. if ( is_multisite() ) { // Disable by default unless the suggested content is provided. $privacy_policy_content = get_site_option( 'default_privacy_policy_content' ); } else { if ( ! class_exists( 'WP_Privacy_Policy_Content' ) ) { require_once ABSPATH . 'wp-admin/includes/class-wp-privacy-policy-content.php'; } $privacy_policy_content = WP_Privacy_Policy_Content::get_default_content(); } if ( ! empty( $privacy_policy_content ) ) { $privacy_policy_guid = get_option( 'home' ) . '/?page_id=3'; $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->posts, array( 'post_author' => $user_id, 'post_date' => $now, 'post_date_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'post_content' => $privacy_policy_content, 'post_excerpt' => '', 'comment_status' => 'closed', 'post_title' => __( 'Privacy Policy' ), /* translators: Privacy Policy page slug. */ 'post_name' => __( 'privacy-policy' ), 'post_modified' => $now, 'post_modified_gmt' => $now_gmt, 'guid' => $privacy_policy_guid, 'post_type' => 'page', 'post_status' => 'draft', 'to_ping' => '', 'pinged' => '', 'post_content_filtered' => '', ) ); $wpdb->insert( $wpdb->postmeta, array( 'post_id' => 3, 'meta_key' => '_wp_page_template', 'meta_value' => 'default', ) ); update_option( 'wp_page_for_privacy_policy', 3 ); } // Set up default widgets for default theme. update_option( 'widget_block', array( 2 => array( 'content' => '' ), 3 => array( 'content' => '

' . __( 'Recent Posts' ) . '

' ), 4 => array( 'content' => '

' . __( 'Recent Comments' ) . '

' ), 5 => array( 'content' => '

' . __( 'Archives' ) . '

' ), 6 => array( 'content' => '

' . __( 'Categories' ) . '

' ), '_multiwidget' => 1, ) ); update_option( 'sidebars_widgets', array( 'wp_inactive_widgets' => array(), 'sidebar-1' => array( 0 => 'block-2', 1 => 'block-3', 2 => 'block-4', ), 'sidebar-2' => array( 0 => 'block-5', 1 => 'block-6', ), 'array_version' => 3, ) ); if ( ! is_multisite() ) { update_user_meta( $user_id, 'show_welcome_panel', 1 ); } elseif ( ! is_super_admin( $user_id ) && ! metadata_exists( 'user', $user_id, 'show_welcome_panel' ) ) { update_user_meta( $user_id, 'show_welcome_panel', 2 ); } if ( is_multisite() ) { // Flush rules to pick up the new page. $wp_rewrite->init(); $wp_rewrite->flush_rules(); $user = new WP_User( $user_id ); $wpdb->update( $wpdb->options, array( 'option_value' => $user->user_email ), array( 'option_name' => 'admin_email' ) ); // Remove all perms except for the login user. $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "DELETE FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE user_id != %d AND meta_key = %s", $user_id, $table_prefix . 'user_level' ) ); $wpdb->query( $wpdb->prepare( "DELETE FROM $wpdb->usermeta WHERE user_id != %d AND meta_key = %s", $user_id, $table_prefix . 'capabilities' ) ); /* * Delete any caps that snuck into the previously active blog. (Hardcoded to blog 1 for now.) * TODO: Get previous_blog_id. */ if ( ! is_super_admin( $user_id ) && 1 !== $user_id ) { $wpdb->delete( $wpdb->usermeta, array( 'user_id' => $user_id, 'meta_key' => $wpdb->base_prefix . '1_capabilities', ) ); } } } ``` [View all references](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/files/wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php/) [View on Trac](https://core.trac.wordpress.org/browser/tags/7.0/src/wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php#L178) [View on GitHub](https://github.com/WordPress/wordpress-develop/blob/7.0/src/wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php#L178-L482) ## 󠀁[Related](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#related)󠁿 | Uses | Description | | [WP_Privacy_Policy_Content::get_default_content()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp_privacy_policy_content/get_default_content/)`wp-admin/includes/class-wp-privacy-policy-content.php` | Returns the default suggested privacy policy content. | | [get_network()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_network/)`wp-includes/ms-network.php` | Retrieves network data given a network ID or network object. | | [WP_User::__construct()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp_user/__construct/)`wp-includes/class-wp-user.php` | Constructor. | | [is_super_admin()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/is_super_admin/)`wp-includes/capabilities.php` | Determines whether user is a site admin. | | [sanitize_title()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/sanitize_title/)`wp-includes/formatting.php` | Sanitizes a string into a slug, which can be used in URLs or HTML attributes. | | [current_time()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/current_time/)`wp-includes/functions.php` | Retrieves the current time based on specified type. | | [network_home_url()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/network_home_url/)`wp-includes/link-template.php` | Retrieves the home URL for the current network. | | [update_user_meta()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/update_user_meta/)`wp-includes/user.php` | Updates user meta field based on user ID. | | [WP_Rewrite::init()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp_rewrite/init/)`wp-includes/class-wp-rewrite.php` | Sets up the object’s properties. | | [WP_Rewrite::flush_rules()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wp_rewrite/flush_rules/)`wp-includes/class-wp-rewrite.php` | Removes rewrite rules and then recreate rewrite rules. | | [update_posts_count()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/update_posts_count/)`wp-includes/ms-functions.php` | Updates a blog’s post count. | | [wpdb::insert()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/insert/)`wp-includes/class-wpdb.php` | Inserts a row into the table. | | [wpdb::update()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/update/)`wp-includes/class-wpdb.php` | Updates a row in the table. | | [wpdb::query()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/query/)`wp-includes/class-wpdb.php` | Performs a database query, using current database connection. | | [wpdb::delete()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/delete/)`wp-includes/class-wpdb.php` | Deletes a row in the table. | | [metadata_exists()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/metadata_exists/)`wp-includes/meta.php` | Determines if a meta field with the given key exists for the given object ID. | | [__()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/__/)`wp-includes/l10n.php` | Retrieves the translation of $text. | | [_x()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/_x/)`wp-includes/l10n.php` | Retrieves translated string with gettext context. | | [esc_url()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/esc_url/)`wp-includes/formatting.php` | Checks and cleans a URL. | | [is_multisite()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/is_multisite/)`wp-includes/load.php` | Determines whether Multisite is enabled. | | [admin_url()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/admin_url/)`wp-includes/link-template.php` | Retrieves the URL to the admin area for the current site. | | [get_site_option()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_site_option/)`wp-includes/option.php` | Retrieve an option value for the current network based on name of option. | | [update_option()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/update_option/)`wp-includes/option.php` | Updates the value of an option that was already added. | | [get_option()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/get_option/)`wp-includes/option.php` | Retrieves an option value based on an option name. | | [wpdb::prepare()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/classes/wpdb/prepare/)`wp-includes/class-wpdb.php` | Prepares a SQL query for safe execution. | [Show 20 more](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#) [Show less](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#) | Used by | Description | | [wp_initialize_site()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_initialize_site/)`wp-includes/ms-site.php` | Runs the initialization routine for a given site. | | [wp_install()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install/)`wp-admin/includes/upgrade.php` | Installs the site. | | [install_blog_defaults()](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/install_blog_defaults/)`wp-includes/ms-deprecated.php` | Set blog defaults. | ## 󠀁[Changelog](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#changelog)󠁿 | Version | Description | | [2.1.0](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/since/2.1.0/) | Introduced. | ## 󠀁[User Contributed Notes](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#user-contributed-notes)󠁿 1. [Skip to note 2 content](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/?output_format=md#comment-content-6313) 2. [Carsten Bach](https://profiles.wordpress.org/carstenbach/) [ 3 years ago ](https://developer.wordpress.org/reference/functions/wp_install_defaults/#comment-6313) 3. [You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note](https://login.wordpress.org?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fdeveloper.wordpress.org%2Freference%2Ffunctions%2Fwp_install_defaults%2F%23comment-6313) Vote results for this note: 0[You must log in to vote on the helpfulness of this note](https://login.wordpress.org?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fdeveloper.wordpress.org%2Freference%2Ffunctions%2Fwp_install_defaults%2F%23comment-6313) 4. Maybe interesting to note, that this is a [pluggable function](https://codex.wordpress.org/Pluggable_Functions). 5. You can easily apply your own custom defaults for a new WordPress install, by declaring your own `wp_install_defaults()` function. 6. [Log in to add feedback](https://login.wordpress.org/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fdeveloper.wordpress.org%2Freference%2Ffunctions%2Fwp_install_defaults%2F%3Freplytocom%3D6313%23feedback-editor-6313) You must [log in](https://login.wordpress.org/?redirect_to=https%3A%2F%2Fblue-sea-697d.quartiers047.workers.dev%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fdeveloper.wordpress.org%2Freference%2Ffunctions%2Fwp_install_defaults%2F) before being able to contribute a note or feedback.