Fig. 2

Schematic diagram illustrating how the proportion of offspring fathered by mm genotype, as compared to ff genotype males, is higher for replacement than initial offspring when the male premature mortality rate is 50% and female premature mortality rate is 10%. Individual offspring (dots) are coloured according to the genotype of their fathers: blue (mm genotype fathers—who have more sons); green (mf genotype fathers—who have equal sons and daughters); red (ff genotype fathers—who have more daughters). The vertical coloured lines indicate the relative proportions of offspring of each paternal genotype. The vertical black line separates male and female offspring, whilst the horizontal dashed black lines separate the initial offspring who survived childhood mortality (a¹ and a²) and initial offspring who died (b¹ and b²), as compared to the surviving replacement offspring (c¹ and c²) and replacement offspring who died (d¹ and d²). The same mortality rate affected the replacement offspring, hence why there are more surviving female replacement offspring despite more replacement offspring being fathered by mm genotype males