Fig. 3

PPV for a pCR by the TVR after 2 cycles of NAC in the training (A) and validation (B) cohorts. The graphs displayed PPVs of 65.2% and 50.0% for predicting pCR at a 70% volume reduction (dotted vertical lines) in the respective datasets. PPVs were plotted as red solid lines, and their 95% confidence intervals were depicted as blue dashed lines. Nomogram for predicting pCR in patients with TNBC (C). The nomogram was developed using the data from the training dataset, incorporating patient age, clinical T stage, posterior echo enhancement and TVR. Each variable’s different values correspond to a point at the top of the graph, where points for all variables are summed and translated into the probability of achieving pCR. PPV, positive predictive value; pCR, pathologic complete response; NAC, neoadjuvant chemotherapy; TVR, tumor volume reduction