Abstract

Euclid defined the straight line as infinitely extended, yet never explained why it must be so. Descartes discovered "I think, therefore I am," yet never examined how the "I" thinks. Kant asserted that objects conform to our concepts, but did not question why space and time must be a priori forms of intuition. Einstein uncovered the relativity of relations, yet never asked why constant and infinite speed must belong to light. Since Newton, science has sought to explore reality, yet has never confronted the logical circularity in the idea of the objective investigating the objective. This paper begins from an indubitable singularity—I exist—and proceeds through logical deduction to systematically address the nature of thinking, the formation of space and time, the essence of motion, and the origin of consciousness. From this foundation, we propose and demonstrate the axiom of descriptive relativity: Any determinate description necessarily depends on a logically prior benchmark unit. It is rigorously derived that: So-called "three-dimensional" space is not substantive but a logical degree of freedom introduced so that innumerable two-dimensional benchmark perspectives can reach descriptive consensus. Time is not a background flow but a logical marker identifying the progression of "my process" and "our process." Motion is not the displacement of substance but a syntactic representation in the phenomenal realm of underlying relational dynamics. Consciousness is not a mysterious entity but a self-referential function emerging from the relational flow—the "dynamic interaction between two essential substances." The cosmos reconstructed under this framework reveals that the objective world we perceive is in fact a consensus-rendered interface achieved by all benchmark perspectives across a dynamic spiral network. Within this architecture, the classical Ptolemaic system's dilemmas—such as planetary retrograde motion—are thoroughly resolved; quantum phenomena such as wave-particle duality and entanglement find natural explanations; and Kepler's three laws, gravitational phenomena, and even the light-speed limit are revealed as necessary manifestations of descriptive relativity acting at different levels. The paper ultimately demonstrates that the static structure of existence and the dynamic process of generation are essentially unified under descriptive relativity. A testable necessary corollary is thus rigorously derived: In the static reference frame of any planet, a spatiotemporal relation D³ / ( T_P)² = K_P holds exactly, where K_P is a constant determined by the planet's own perspective. This not only provides an empirical interface for the theory but also fundamentally illuminates a decentralized cosmos woven together by the legislative power of descriptive consensus.