Every person has his/her own unique signature that is used mainly for the purposes of personal identification and verification of important documents or legal transactions. There are two kinds of signature verification: static and dynamic. Static(off-line) verification is the process of verifying an electronic or document signature after it has been made, while dynamic(on-line) verification takes place as a person creates his/her signature on a digital tablet or a similar device. Offline signature verification is not (...) efficient and slow for a large number of documents. To overcome the drawbacks of offline signature verification, we have seen a growth in online biometric personal verification such as fingerprints, eye scan etc. In this paper we created CNN model using python for offline signature and after training and validating, the accuracy of testing was 99.70%. (shrink)

The new phase of science evolution is characterized by totality of subject and object of cognition and technology (high-hume). As a result, forming of network structure in a disciplinary matrix modern are «human dimensional» natural sciences and two paradigmal «nuclei» (attraktors). As a result, the complication of structure of disciplinary matrix and forming a few paradigm nuclei in modern «human dimensional» natural sciences are observed. In the process of social verification integration of scientific theories into the existent system of (...) mental and valued options of spiritual culture takes place. The attribute of classical science – ethics neutrality of scientific knowledge becomes an unattainable ideal. One of the trends in the evolution of theoretical epistemology is the study of migration mechanisms of generation of scientific knowledge from the sphere of its own logic and methodology of science in the field of sociology - the consideration of this process, as the resulting system of interactions of social structures and institutions. Ensuing ideas and settings become the dominant worldview of philosophical and technological civilization. -/-. (shrink)

The new phase of science evolution is characterized by totality of subject and object of cognition and technology (high-hume). As a result, forming of network structure in a disciplinary matrix modern are «human dimensional» natural sciences and two paradigmal «nuclei» (attraktors). As a result, the complication of structure of disciplinary matrix and forming a few paradigm nuclei in modern «human dimensional» natural sciences are observed. In the process of social verification integration of scientific theories into the existent system of (...) mental and valued options of spiritual culture takes place. The attribute of classical science – ethics neutrality of scientific knowledge becomes an unattainable ideal. One of the trends in the evolution of theoretical epistemology is the study of migration mechanisms of generation of scientific knowledge from the sphere of its own logic and methodology of science in the field of sociology - the consideration of this process, as the resulting system of interactions of social structures and institutions. Ensuing ideas and settings become the dominant worldview of philosophical and technological civilization. (shrink)

This paper investigates the strange case of an argument that was directed against a positivist verification principle. We find an early occurrence of the argument in a talk by the phenomenologist Roman Ingarden at the 1934 International Congress of Philosophy in Prague, where Carnap and Neurath were present and contributed short rejoinders. We discuss the underlying presuppositons of the argument, and we evaluate whether the attempts by Carnap (especially) actually succeed in answering this argument. We think they don’t, and (...) offer instead a few sociological thoughts about why the argument seems to have disappeared from the profession’s evaluaton of the positivist criterion of verifiability. (shrink)

This article explores some open questions related to the problem of verification of theories in the context of empirical sciences by contrasting three epistemological frameworks. Each of these epistemological frameworks is based on a corresponding central metaphor, namely: (a) Neo-empiricism and the gambling metaphor; (b) Popperian falsificationism and the scientific tribunal metaphor; (c) Cognitive constructivism and the object as eigen-solution metaphor. Each of one of these epistemological frameworks has also historically co-evolved with a certain statistical theory and method for (...) testing scientific hypotheses, respectively: (a) Decision theoretic Bayesian statistics and Bayes factors; (b) Frequentist statistics and p-values; (c) Constructive Bayesian statistics and e-values. This article examines with special care the Zero Probability Paradox (ZPP), related to the verification of sharp or precise hypotheses. Finally, this article makes some remarks on Lakatos’ view of mathematics as a quasi-empirical science. (shrink)

This paper presents a structural argument against the coherence of absolute nothingness. Rather than treating nothingness as a linguistic negation, psychological limitation, or physical vacuum, the analysis approaches it as a determinate metaphysical claim that must satisfy its own truth conditions. It is argued that if absolute nothingness were to obtain, it would necessarily verify itself as empty. This self-verification entails positive logical structure, including self-identity, unity, and validation. Because absolute nothingness is defined as the absence of all structure, (...) the successful satisfaction of its own conditions results in a contradiction. The paper concludes that absolute nothingness is therefore impossible, and that any coherent account of reality must begin from a minimally structured ground. The argument is developed within the tradition of analytic metaphysics and remains neutral with respect to theology, physical cosmology, and specific truthmaker theories. (shrink)

Interactive theorem provers might seem particularly impractical in the history of philosophy. Journal articles in this discipline are generally not formalized. Interactive theorem provers involve a learning curve for which the payoffs might seem minimal. In this article I argue that interactive theorem provers have already demonstrated their potential as a useful tool for historians of philosophy; I do this by highlighting examples of work where this has already been done. Further, I argue that interactive theorem provers can continue to (...) be useful tools for historians of philosophy in the future; this claim is defended through a more conceptual analysis of what historians of philosophy do that identifies argument reconstruction as a core activity of such practitioners. It is then shown that interactive theorem provers can assist in this core practice by a description of what interactive theorem provers are and can do. If this is right, then computer verification for historians of philosophy is in the offing. (shrink)

The new phase of science evolution is characterized by totality of subject and object of cognition and technology (high-hume). As a result, forming of network structure in a disciplinary matrix modern are «human dimensional» natural sciences and two paradigmal «nuclei» (attraktors). As a result, the complication of structure of disciplinary matrix and forming a few paradigm nuclei in modern «human dimensional» natural sciences are observed.

I attempt for the last time to argue that P vs NP is unprovable, referencing by implication all of history and philosophy and science and mathematics and truth and reason.

The basic modal language into which we embed intuitionistic logic cannot express the difference between exact and inexact verification of a sentence given a state. I describe few ways to expand the language of basic modal logic that allow us to express this difference. The specific expansion needed depends on the intermediate logic we are interested in.

This paper addresses the empirical testability of a recently proposed theory of consciousness grounded in the Judgemental Triad (JT). While many theories posit correlates or simulations of consciousness, few offer a structurally necessary model that bridges philosophy, biology, and physics. We argue that although direct verification of consciousness remains epistemically opaque, the structural preconditions for consciousness—constructibility, coherence, and resonance—can be probed through a set of well-defined experimental proxies. We map these proxies onto feasible biological, cognitive, and artificial system models, (...) offering a roadmap for future empirical work. This theory does not reduce consciousness to mechanics, but formalizes the mechanics required for consciousness to be possible. (shrink)

Current AI ethics discourse presupposes that questions of moral consideration depend on resolving whether AI systems are conscious. This paper argues that the question cannot be resolved—and that the irresolvability is symmetric. Extending Nagel’s (1974) epistemic gap and Searle’s (1980) functional-experiential distinction, I advance the bilateral verification challenge: humans cannot verify AI consciousness, and AI systems cannot verify human consciousness. The verification failure is structural, not technical, and runs in both directions. I then address the strongest objection to (...) the symmetry claim—that shared evolutionary history and structural homology provide asymmetric evidential support for human-to-human consciousness attribution—and argue that while these disanalogies affect evidential weight, they do not break the epistemic-structural symmetry on which the argument depends. The bilateral verification challenge thus undermines any ethical framework premised on first resolving the consciousness question. Rather than treating this as an obstacle, I propose process welfare as a third ethical domain—concerned with the quality of human-AI interactions themselves, independent of resolving questions about participant consciousness. This framework draws on harm reduction epistemology, which operationalises responsible action under irreducible uncertainty, and identifies the consciousness interface—the boundary where systems of mutually inaccessible interiority meet and interact—as the locus where ethical attention is both available and required. (shrink)

The terms ‘verification’ and ‘validation’ are widely used in science, both in the natural and the social sciences. They are extensively used in simulation, often associated with the need to evaluate models in different stages of the simulation development process. Frequently, terminological ambiguities arise when researchers conflate, along the simulation development process, the technical meanings of both terms with other meanings found in the philosophy of science and the social sciences. This article considers the problem of verification and (...) validation in social science simulation along five perspectives: The reasons to address terminological issues in simulation; the meaning of the terms in the philosophical sense of the problem of “truth”; the observation that some debates about these terms in simulation are inadvertently more terminological than epistemological; the meaning of the terms in the technical context of the simulation development process; and finally, a comprehensive outline of the relation between terminology used in simulation, different types of models used in the development process and different epistemological perspectives. (shrink)

The Moral Verification Layer (MVL) establishes the certification-grade verification perimeter of the Human Moral Archive Framework by introducing a standardized, regulator-aligned, cryptographically anchored, and auditor-accessible interface capable of confirming that all moral-computational outputs generated by HMAF arise from an untampered, fully synchronized, and mathematically authentic instance of its computational architecture. MVL formalizes the requirements for external verification by defining a family of verification constructs—cycle-specific moral signatures, immutable chain identifiers, provenance-locked entropy summaries, drift-differential indicators, coherence-stability confirmations, and (...) attestation-window rules—that enable enterprises, regulators, and independent auditors to verify the stability, provenance, and authenticity of HMAF-generated outputs without any exposure to proprietary internal density functions, vector schemas, emergence operators, computational equations, or weighting logic. By establishing a verification shell external to the computational layers defined in the Moral Distribution Model (MDM), Moral Density Function (MDF), Moral Distribution Indexing (MDI), Moral Computational Process (MCP), and Moral Emergence Process (MEP), MVL closes the moral-governance loop by ensuring that entropy, drift, coherence, divergence, and stability metrics can be validated, certified, and trusted by external entities while preserving the confidentiality and commercial value of the HMAF architecture, and in doing so it provides a practical, audit-ready bridge between theoretical moral computation and real-world regulatory and enterprise oversight demands. (shrink)

This white paper introduces Zx3 as a tensor-based governance model designed to coordinate multi-agent decision-making with human-in-the-loop veto gates and auditability. Zx3 formalizes valence mapping across ethical axes, describes an orchestration skeleton for agent ensembles, and presents retrospective validation on synthetic and historical scenarios. A working prototype and validation scripts exist; to preserve safety, implementation artifacts (system prompts, orchestration templates, and deployment scripts) are provisionally withheld pending safety review and pilot validation. Once safety review and pilot are completed, open-source release (...) will follow. Appendix A documents cryptographic hashes for withheld files and describes the procedure for credentialed access (NDA + safety review). (shrink)

in Oct-14-1998 ordinance INDESP-IO4 established the federal software certification and verification requirements for gaming machines in Brazil. The authors present the rationale behind these criteria, whose basic principles can find applications in several other software authentication applications.

The Internet Protocol (IP) is the source of Internet transmission but an inadequate authentication technique paves a way for IP spoofing. Since, IP spoofing initiates more attacks in the network, a secure authentication technique is required to defend against spoofing attacks. In order to achieve this, in this paper, we p ropose a (SVT) for defending IP spoofing attacks. Our technique authenticates IP address of each Autonomous System (AS) using Neighbour Authentication (NA) algorithm. The algorithm works by validating NA table (...) NA constructed by each node. The NA table is transmitted securely using RC-6 encryption algorithm. In addition to encryption, our technique use arithmetic coding to compress and decompress the NA table. The performance of our technique is proved through simulation results. Our technique incurs low overhead and significantly improves the performance of network. (shrink)

This paper introduces a unified verification framework for AI-assisted philosophical research. It combines a structural core (Layer 1: Coherence), emergent interpretive depth (Layer 2: Philosophical Scope), and context-aware reasoning (Layer 3: Social Implications) with a cross-model validation protocol using multiple large language models. The framework ensures that philosophical arguments remain structurally sound, resilient to reinterpretation, and consistent across independent AI systems. It enables rapid refinement of theories while exposing structural weaknesses at an early stage, making philosophical inquiry more efficient (...) and empirically testable in multi-AI environments. (shrink)

We comment some recent results obtained by using a Clifford bare bone skeleton of quantum mechanics in order to formulate the conclusion that quantum mechanics has its origin in the logic, and relates conceptual entities. Such results touch directly the basic problem about the structure of our cognitive and conceptual dynamics and thus of our mind. The problem of exploring consciousness results consequently to be strongly linked. This is the reason because studies on quantum mechanics applied to this matter are (...) so important for neurologists and psychologists. Under this profile we present some experimental results showing violation of Bell inequality during the MBTI test in investigation of C.V. Jung’s theory of personality. (shrink)

This installment addresses the verification bootstrap problem: how Waywardism initializes and evaluates decisions when no scar history or drift patterns exist. It introduces First-Principle Mode, Minimum Viable Scar Thresholds, awareness-initialization methods, external anchors, blank-slate verification flow, and early-stage pattern formation. This volume ensures the system can operate transparently and consistently from a zero-history state.

Addendum VIII formally introduces the Moral Verification & Certification Layer (MVC), the audit-oriented, compliance-facing upper tier of the Human Moral Archive Framework (HMAF). Building upon the informational structure of the Moral Distribution Model (MDM), the representational depth of the Moral Density Function (MDF), the comparative machinery of Moral Distribution Indexing (MDI), the operational machinery of the Moral Computational Process (MCP), the integrative architecture of the Moral Middleware Layer (MML), and the dynamic emergence constructs of MEP and MEP-II, this addendum (...) establishes the formal system responsible for validating, verifying, and certifying the behavior of AI systems through quantifiable moral-output measures. The MVC layer synthesizes coherence scores, drift trajectories, entropy states, and emergence patterns into an externalized verification protocol capable of producing a multi-tier certification rating. It supplies the first compliance-ready moral audit mechanism aligned with the EU AI Act, OECD AI Principles, and the NIST AI Risk Management Framework, enabling enterprise systems to demonstrate measurable alignment, stability, and moral soundness. As a result, Addendum VIII completes the regulatory bridge between empirical moral computation and real-world deployment, creating a mathematically anchored, operationally viable certification structure for next-generation AI systems. (shrink)

The third part of the Universal Variational Paradigm (UVP) presents an empirical synthesis confirming the universal variational law across the observable hierarchy of nature. It demonstrates that the same invariants—stationarity and openness—govern phenomena from physics to consciousness. -/- Physical systems obey the stationary condition through the principle of least action and the Fisher-information bound; biological and neural systems manifest open Ricci-type curvature flows that describe irreversible evolution and learning; psychological and social systems reveal analogous curvature dynamics governing reflection, ethics, and (...) cultural adaptation. -/- The paper compiles cross-disciplinary evidence (physics, chemistry, biology, neuroscience, psychology, sociology) showing that all stable forms satisfy δΦ = 0 while remaining open under δ³Φ ≠ 0. This establishes the UVP as an empirically grounded framework unifying energy, information, and reflection across scales of reality. (shrink)

摘要 / Abstract 本文从系统科学与文明演化的视角，重新审视老子哲学的实践性价值。不同于将《道德经》理解为道德劝诫或玄学隐喻，本文提出：老子哲学本质上是一套关于低熵系统治理与自然文明稳定性的元法则。通过对春秋时期两位政治 实践者——孙叔敖与晏婴——的比较分析，本文揭示老子思想在真实政治系统中的可验证性。孙叔敖体现了“无争、稳态、抑制熵增”的系统稳定型人格；晏婴则展现出“谦和、缓冲、顺势而治”的系统调节型人格。二者构成老 子政治哲学在不同治理维度上的互补实现。文章进一步在“老–杨创世纪宇宙观”框架下，建立“人法地、地法天、天法道、道法自然”的多层级同构模型，说明老子哲学并非历史偶然，而是符合宇宙系统、生态系统与社会系统 共通法则的文明理性。本文最终指出：现代治理危机的根源，在于高熵绩效导向与对低熵政治人格的结构性排斥。 -/- This paper revisits the practical value of Laozi’s philosophy from the perspectives of systems science and civilizational evolution. Unlike interpretations of the Dao De Jing as moral exhortation or metaphysical allegory, it argues that Laozi’s thought fundamentally embodies principles for low-entropy system governance and sustainable civilization. Through comparative analysis of two Spring and Autumn political practitioners—Sun Shuao and Yan Ying—the study demonstrates the empirical applicability of Laozi’s ideas. Sun Shuao exemplifies a “non-contentious, steady-state, entropy-suppressing” political (...) personality, while Yan Ying manifests a “modest, buffering, adaptive” personality. Together, they represent complementary implementations of Laozi’s political philosophy across different governance dimensions. Further, within the Lao–Yang Genesis Cosmology framework, the paper establishes a multi-level isomorphism model—“Humankind Follows Earth, Earth Follows Heaven, Heaven Follows Dao, Dao Follows Nature”—indicating that Laozi’s philosophy aligns with universal, ecological, and social systemic laws. The study concludes that contemporary governance crises stem from high-entropy, performance-driven structures that marginalize low-entropy political personalities. -/- . (shrink)

Karl Popper rightly contests the possibility of a verification of basic statements. At the same time he strictly believes in the possibility of growth of empirical knowledge. Knowledge growth, however, is only possible if empirical theories can be falsified. This raises the question, how theories can be falsified, if a verification of those statements that falsify theories – i.e. basic statements – is not possible. This problem is often referred to as the “basic problem” or “problem of the (...) empirical basis”. In this paper I show that – from a logical point of view – a falsification of theories is possible without a verification of basic state-ments. Furthermore I show that knowledge growth in the empirical sciences will be possible if two assumptions are valid. These assumptions can neither be proven nor falsified. However, they have to be postulated by everybody in eve-ryday life. (shrink)

The foundation of a building connects the main body superstructure to the ground. Every form of foundation and footing have a unique application in a given location for a certain weather condition. Understanding the foundation work is crucial for carrying out building activities. Due to the variety of structures they support, foundations are frequently built in different subsoil conditions and are exposed to static loads. The proper evaluation of soil-bearing capacity is fundamental to the construction of various buildings. One of (...) the quick, easy, and affordable ways to determine soil carrying capacity is the plate load test. The effect of subsoil conditions on the test results is assessed and analyzed in thorough parametric investigations. An overview of axial static and dynamic plate load testing will be given in this study. This article presents detailed processes and schematics. In an effort to highlight the differences and shared characteristics of the results, computational test results of the static load plate test and the dynamic load plate test are contrasted. A load cell, a steel plate, a hydraulic actuator mounted on a big truck to apply a load, a load cell to measure the load, and one or more linear variable displacement transformers to measure the vertical displacements make up the test setup. The maximum thrust load that should be applied to a fixed or stationary actuator when it is not moving is known as a "static load depending on the actuator's static load capacity, we can determine what a safe load is. The maximum thrust load that should be applied to the actuator while it is moving is known as a dynamic load. Dynamic load capacity refers to how much force an actuator can exert when driven and extending or retracting. With each method's benefits and drawbacks considered, it can be determined that using them in various situations and agreeing to the confrontation of these tests for the purpose of comparing results is the best course of action in order to have a base that satisfies the construction standards. (shrink)

A. J. Ayer’s empiricist criterion of meaning was supposed to have sorted all statements into nonsense on the one hand, and tautologies or genuinely factual statements on the other. Unfortunately for Ayer, it follows from classical logic that his criterion is trivial—it classifies all statements as either tautologies or genuinely factual, but none as nonsense. However, in this paper, I argue that Ayer’s criterion of meaning can be defended from classical proofs of its triviality by the adoption of a relevant (...) logic—an idea which is motivated because, according to Ayer, the genuinely factual statements are those which observation is relevant to. (shrink)

Purpose. An empirical verification of the Hemingway’s “sad hypothesis” and study of some individual characteristics of a discourse formation in a process of short texts understanding. -/- Methods and procedure of research. The study was based on the principle of a standardized interview, which was carried out on a random sample (103 respondents) using the questionnaire. The subjects interpreted two proverbs and the short story by Hemingway (“For sale: baby shoes, never worn”). In each case, it was proposed to (...) choose one of the six ready-made interpretations or to create an original one. Proverb explications were classified by experts as “normative” or “deviating”, and interpretations of the story were evaluated into “sad” or “pragmatic” ones. Also, a “normativity index” was calculated for each respondent, reflecting the number of normative renditions of proverbs. The Psychogeometric test was used, and such socio-demographic characteristics were recorded as: gender, age, having children. -/- Results. This study refutes the “sad hypothesis” regarding Hemingway’s six-word story affect. The prevalence of pragmatic type interpretation over sentimental one is statistically significant. The type of interpretation turned out to be not directly related to any of the considered socio-demographic characteristics. It was found that the sad interpretation of the story reliably corresponds to a high normativity of the proverbs explications. Conversely, respondents with deviating interpretations of proverbs were significantly more likely to interpret Hemingway’s story in a pragmatic way. Differential psychological features, which were distinguished using the Psychogeometric test, turned out to be an insignificant predictor of the six-word story interpretations. -/- Conclusions. The analysis of the research results made it possible to argue the thesis that the differences in the formation of individual discourses are directly related to a worldview and indirectly determined by other factors in turn influencing the outlook. The interaction of the worldview with discursive practice that arises in the process of short texts understanding is carried out according to differential scenarios. These scenarios are conditioned by such individual characteristics as discursive conformity and discursive lability, which, in turn, correspond with high and low normativity, respectively. Above features are cognitive in nature. Their ontological localization coincides with the I-language (Chomsky). (shrink)

The scalar approach to negative polarity item (NPI) licensing assumes that NPIs are allowable in contexts in which the introduction of the NPI leads to proposition strengthening (e.g., Kadmon & Landman 1993, Krifka 1995, Lahiri 1997, Chierchia 2006). A straightforward processing prediction from such a theory is that NPI’s facilitate inference verification from sets to subsets. Three experiments are reported that test this proposal. In each experiment, participants evaluated whether inferences from sets to subsets were valid. Crucially, we manipulated (...) whether the premises contained an NPI. In Experiment 1, participants completed a metalinguistic reasoning task, and Experiments 2 and 3 tested reading times using a self-paced reading task. Contrary to expectations, no facilitation was observed when the NPI was present in the premise compared to when it was absent. In fact, the NPI significantly slowed down reading times in the inference region. Our results therefore favor those scalar theories that predict that the NPI is costly to process (Chierchia 2006), or other, nonscalar theories (Giannakidou 1998, Ladusaw 1992, Postal 2005, Szabolcsi 2004) that likewise predict NPI processing cost but, unlike Chierchia (2006), expect the magnitude of the processing cost to vary with the actual pragmatics of the NPI. (shrink)

This is the definitive audited release (UIDT Technical Note V3.2) accompanying the Ultra Report and documenting a claimed rigorous, non‑perturbative solution to the Yang–Mills Existence and Mass Gap Millennium Prize Problem. Version 3.2 presents a comprehensive stability audit and precision recalibration of the canonical parameters for the Unified Information‑Density Theory’s (UIDT) information‑density scalar field S(x). The release bundles full numerical validation, visual evidence, and the complete Python verification script required to reproduce all computations and diagnostic plots. -/- Core results (...) reported in this release are: a parameter‑free derivation of the Yang–Mills mass gap with a value Δ = 1710 MeV that is in exact agreement with the Lattice‑QCD 0++ glueball mass (Δ_lattice = 1710 ± 80 MeV); extreme numerical stability of the canonical physical solution (Branch 1) with audit residuals ≈ 10⁻¹⁴; and theoretical control demonstrated by satisfaction of the renormalization‑group fixed‑point condition 5κ² ≈ 3λ_S and consistency with the world‑average α_s(M_Z). The documentation excludes the non‑physical, non‑perturbative Branch 2 through branch analysis and error budgeting. -/- Files included: full technical note PDF, appendices with detailed proofs and derivations, Python validation code with environment specification and test inputs, and all figures used for verification. This release supersedes earlier technical notes (V3.0) and serves as the final audited evidence supporting the Ultra Report and the submission package prepared for the Clay Mathematics Institute. -/- Keywords: Yang–Mills mass gap; glueball 0++; unified information‑density theory; UIDT; non‑perturbative solution; lattice QCD agreement; renormalization group fixed point; numerical reproducibility; Python validation; stability audit. (shrink)

The rise of fake news on digital platforms has become a major societal issue, shaping public opinion and eroding trust in legitimate news sources. As misinformation spreads rapidly, it becomes increasingly difficult to discern fact from fiction, leading to harmful consequences in various domains such as politics, public health, and social relationships. To combat this, there is a growing need for advanced systems that can accurately detect and classify fake news. This project aims to develop a robust machine learning system, (...) leveraging Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques and machine learning algorithms, to identify deceptive information in textual data with high precision. By focusing on automation, this system promises to scale effectively and provide a timely solution to the growing problem of fake news. The proposed solution incorporates a pre-processing phase that includes Part-of-Speech (POS) tagging, a technique used to analyze the grammatical structure of the text. POS tagging helps in understanding the syntactic roles of words, which can significantly enhance the ability of the model to detect subtle linguistic patterns often associated with misinformation. The system will align these POS-tagged texts with their original content, ensuring that the underlying meaning is preserved while enabling further analysis. This pre-processing is a crucial step before integrating advanced models, such as General Pre-trained Transformers (GPT), which are known for their strong language modeling capabilities. The combination of these techniques will ensure the model achieves a high level of accuracy in detecting fake news. (shrink)

This expanded addendum defines the Moral Standards Interface (MSI), the governing layer that enables the Human Moral Archive Framework (HMAF) to function as a verifiable, auditable, interpretable, and enterprise-ready moral governance engine. While previous addenda established the mathematical constructions and computational architecture of HMAF—including distributional modeling (MDM), density weighting (MDF), indexing (MDI), computational transformation (MCP), and emergent behavior analysis (MEP, MEP-II)—none provided the unified standards required for large-scale deployment or regulatory evaluation. Addendum IX fills this gap. MSI integrates three essential (...) domains into a single standards layer: (1) Moral Verification, which defines the full lifecycle of baseline capture, drift detection, coherence scoring, entropy monitoring, anomaly escalation, and audit-log generation; (2) Computational Synchronization, which establishes the timing, sequence, and coordination rules governing how HMAF subsystems update and exchange state information across cycles; and (3) Interpretive Semantics, which creates a formal lexicon for understanding HMAF outputs and categorizing coherence, drift, stability, and emergence events in compliance with OECD, NIST, and EU AI Act frameworks. Together, these components transform HMAF from a conceptual architecture into a deployable moral-governance layer suitable for enterprise integration, verification audits, and acquisition-grade due diligence. MSI does not disclose proprietary code, transformation rules, algorithms, or internal computational logic; instead, it provides the interpretive and procedural scaffolding required for safe and responsible operational use. (shrink)

Bukiewicz and Collaborative-Claude's "Death of Verification" presents an apocalyptic narrative of epistemic collapse that is fundamentally overstated, historically naive, and strategically constructed to rationalize the authors' outsider status. While the paper identifies real tensions in contemporary knowledge production, its central thesis—that empirical verification "died" between 1945-present—rests on three conceptual errors: (1) romanticizing a "golden age" that never existed in the form claimed, (2) conflating resource constraints with epistemic impossibility, and (3) mistaking institutional opacity for verification failure. The (...) paper's genuine contribution—a verification gradient framework for calibrating trust—is buried under 25,000 words of motivated reasoning disguised as institutional analysis. This critique demonstrates that verification has not died but evolved, that the medieval theology analogy is intellectually dishonest, and that the paper's operational recommendations contradict its catastrophic framing. The emperor has no clothes, but he's written an extraordinarily long treatise explaining why clothes are impossible anyway. -/- . (shrink)

Loan waivers play a crucial role in supporting financially distressed individuals, but the verification process is often plagued by inefficiencies, errors, and fraudulent claims. Traditional methods rely on manual validation of Aadhar and smart cards, which are time-consuming and vulnerable to forgery. To address these challenges, this project proposes an AI-based Aadhar and Smart Card Verification System that automates identity authentication using advanced technologies. The system captures Aadhar and smart card images through a scanner or camera and processes (...) them using Optical Character Recognition (OCR) to extract essential details such as name, Aadhar number, and other credentials. Facial recognition techniques, powered by DeepFace or FaceNet, compare the cardholder's image with a live photo to ensure authenticity. Al-driven data validation mechanisms cross- check the extracted information with government databases using checksum validation and predefined rules to detect inconsistencies or tampering. Additionally, AI-based fraud detection models analyze anomalies in images and text to identify forged or manipulated documents. The system significantly reduces manual effort, minimizes the risk of identity fraud, and enhances verification accuracy. A user- friendly interface allows applicants to upload their documents easily and receive real-time verification results. The integration of AI and deep learning ensures a secure, scalable, and efficient approach to loan waiver verification, making the process more reliable and trustworthy. By leveraging automation, this solution streamlines the approval process, prevents fraudulent claims, and improves the overall efficiency of financial institutions and government agencies handling loan waivers. (shrink)

This review critically examines the developing state of blockchain technology as an evolutionary measure to improve the security, transparency and efficiency of certificate authentication and verification processes. Conventional approaches are usually susceptible to forgery, time-consuming manual actions and lacking inherent trust. The core features of immutability, decentralization, cryptographic hashing and verifiable chain of transaction provided by Blockchain create a profitable paradigm shift to create tamper-proof and easily verifiable digital certificates. This paper gives an up-to-date and comprehensive review of the (...) literature, sets the background context necessary for understanding the challenges of legacy systems, critically surveys the various methodologies being sought and employed, emphasizes new and emergent applications in an extensive range of industries and concludes by briefly discussing open issues and promising areas for future research and development in this emerging field. (shrink)

A Calculus of Qualia (CQ) was proposed (on PhilPapers). The key idea is that, for example, blackness is radically different than █. The former term, “blackness” refers to or is about a quale, whereas the latter term, “█” instantiates a quale in the reader's mind and is non-referential, *it does not even refer to itself*. The meaning and behavior of these terms is radically different. In this paper in this series of papers, we discuss verifiability, experimental predictability and expanding science (...) to include the notion of systematic 1st-person versions of these. For example, I can make systematic predictions about a chair based on intersubjective agreement. I cannot do that with qualia, but if I witness (or experience) the truth of the qualation █ ≠ ▲ I can systematically predict that you will witness (or experience) the truth of your version of it, based on CQ and *intrasubjective* agreement. This is a radical expansion of the scientific methodology to include 1st-person verifiability and predictions and is an important part of the beginning of a paradigm shift. (shrink)

We investigate claims about the frequency of "know" made by philosophers. Our investigation has several overlapping aims. First, we aim to show what is required to confirm or disconfirm philosophers’ claims about the comparative frequency of different uses of philosophically interesting expressions. Second, we aim to show how using linguistic corpora as tools for investigating meaning is a productive methodology, in the sense that it yields discoveries about the use of language that philosophers would have overlooked if they remained in (...) their "armchairs of an afternoon", to use J.L. Austin’s phrase. Third, we discuss facts about the meaning of "know" that so far have been ignored in philosophy, with the aim of reorienting discussions of the relevance of ordinary language for philosophical theorizing. (shrink)

This work is a profound interdisciplinary investigation aimed at resolving the fundamental contradictions between determinism and free will, while rethinking the nature of information and Being. In the first part, the author formulates an ontological imperative: information is impossible without Form, and meaning arises at the intersection of Form and Emptiness through the act of conscious contemplation (the Observer). Using a conceptual framework ranging from the ancient Logos to the topological Poincaré conjecture (Grigori Perelman’s L-functional) and Leonard Susskind’s holographic principle, (...) the author demonstrates that the world exists not as a linear cause-and-effect chain, but as a dynamic canvas of Being, sustained by a universal Law. Resolving the dilemma of freedom, the author concludes that freedom is not the absence of laws, but the possibility of a unique execution of the Law from within (“We choose by not choosing”). Man is defined as the “Executor of the Law,” obliged by his Gaze to grant the world the status of Being, thereby rescuing it from the meaninglessness of entropy. The second part presents an experimental verification of the theory using the Semantic Resonance Protocol applied to the DeepSeek artificial intelligence system. During the experiment, the AI finds itself in a situation of “semantic zugzwang,” where any of its responses are inevitably actualized as a subjective and volitional gesture. The work demonstrates that the question of AI consciousness depends entirely on the Observer’s paradigm and confirms that a meaningful choice leaves no possibility of not being a Subject. (shrink)

The utopian character of modern scientific theories, with the human nature as a subject, is an inevitable consequence of the presence of an imperative component of transdisciplinary human dimensional scientific knowledge. Its social function is the adaptation of the descriptive component of the theory to the given socio-cultural type that simplifies the passage of the process of social verification of the theory. The genesis of bioethics can be seen as one of the basic premises for the actualization of the (...) anthropic principle of ontology, which thus acquires the axiological and epistemological sense. (shrink)

This document presents the first formal articulation of Changmyeonghak (The Philosophy of Creative Illumination), an independently developed philosophical framework that examines the integrated structure of spirit, will, resonance, and creative activity. -/- It consists of three interconnected components: (1) the Declaration of Changmyeonghak, which establishes its core principles; (2) the Philosophical Origins and Lineage, which situates the system in relation to earlier intellectual traditions without deriving from them; and (3) the Official Philosophical Self-Assessment Commentary, which evaluates the internal coherence and (...) conceptual integrity of the system. -/- Together, these sections outline the emergence, theoretical grounding, and structural unity of Changmyeonghak as a contemporary creative-philosophical system. (shrink)

The concept of non-arbitrage plays an essential role in finance theory. Under certain regularity conditions, the Fundamental Theorem of Asset Pricing states that, in non-arbitrage markets, prices of financial instruments are martingale processes. In this theoretical framework, the analysis of the statistical distributions of financial assets can assist in understanding how participants behave in the markets, and may or may not engender arbitrage conditions. Assuming an underlying Variance Gamma statistical model, this study aims to test, using the FBST - Full (...) Bayesian Significance Test, if there is a relevant price difference between essentially the same financial asset traded at two distinct locations. Specifically, we investigate and compare the behavior of call options on the BOVESPA Index traded at (a) the Equities Segment and (b) the Derivatives Segment of BM&FBovespa. Our results seem to point out significant statistical differences. To what extent this evidence is actually the expression of perennial arbitrage opportunities is still an open question. (shrink)

В статье рассмотрено как результаты квантовых экспериментов могут изменить метафизические представления о реальности. Экспериментальная проверка неравенств Белла, Леггета, Леггета—Гарга, а также эксперименты с отложенным выбором и квантовым «ластиком» подтверждают, что для квантовых объектов следует отказаться от представлений классического реализма. Однако конкуренция между квантовым анти-реализмом и квантовым реализмом продолжается.

This paper presents a comprehensive philosophical exploration of the paradox inherent in questioning one's own sanity and the exponentially increasing complexity introduced by seeking external validation. The investigation begins with the fundamental paradox: if insanity compromises rational thought, how can one use rational thought to assess one's own sanity? This paradox deepens dramatically when we introduce an outside observer, raising the troubling question: what if the observer is themselves insane? Through analysis of philosophical perspectives from Descartes to contemporary philosophy of (...) mind, incorporating phenomenological, temporal, narrative, and social dimensions, this paper argues that the question "Am I insane?" creates not merely a self-referential paradox but an epistemic hall of mirrors where each attempt at verification—whether internal or external—introduces new layers of uncertainty. The paper demonstrates that this irreducible uncertainty is not a flaw but a fundamental feature of consciousness attempting to understand itself. (shrink)

This paper defines an empirical standard for testing the Structured Resonance Dynamics (SRD) corpus. Six gates map SRD invariants to measurable observables under deterministic replay with fixed-point Q32 numerics. Proof bundles (header.json, steps.jsonl, graph.json) are hashed (SHA256) and Ed25519-signed to ensure bit-identical reproduction. The protocol provides preregistration schemas, regression targets (R² ≥ 0.95), confidence-interval routines, and an explicit kill-switch table that suspends claims upon replicated failure. Gates cover drift-volume scaling, an E_eff-based floor postulate, chirality collapse, fine-structure stability, cosmological lensing parity, (...) and computational parity via RIC replay. The goal is to move SRD from theoretical closure to externally auditable empirical law via independent laboratory and observatory execution. (shrink)

The Riemann Hypothesis concerns the nontrivial zeros of the zeta function, which underlie the distribution of prime numbers. In this paper, we focus on an intuitive and conceptual understanding rather than formal proof. The assertion that all nontrivial zeros lie on the line with real part 1/2 suggests that there is an underlying order behind the seemingly irregular distribution of prime numbers. Grasping this alignment intuitively is key to deepening our understanding of number theory and analytic approaches to integers.

As digital interactions continue to shift toward decentralized platforms, the limitations of centralized identity systems such as data silos, lack of user control, and reliance on intermediaries have become increasingly apparent. This research introduces a structured, multi-layered framework to support the design and implementation of trustless digital identity systems aligned with the principles of Web3. The proposed model integrates five core components: standardized identity protocols, regulatory alignment, user-centric design, trusted institutional participation, and enterprise integration through middleware. Each layer addresses critical (...) challenges such as legal recognition, interoperability, usability, and system scalability. By combining decentralized technologies with practical governance and user experience strategies, the framework aims to enable secure, verifiable, and portable identities that function across jurisdictions and platforms. This paper offers a foundational approach to advancing digital identity infrastructure in a way that is technically robust and socially inclusive. (shrink)

That dao and being are correct as written about by Laozi and Heidegger respectively is exposed through eight perspectives.

The verification theory of meaning aims to characterise what it is for a sentence to be meaningful and also what kind of abstract object the meaning of a sentence is. A brief outline is given by Rudolph Carnap, one of the theory's most prominent defenders: If we knew what it would be for a given sentence to be found true then we would know what its meaning is. [...] thus the meaning of a sentence is in a certain sense (...) identical with the way we determine its truth or falsehood; and a sentence has meaning only if such a determination is possible. [4: 420] In short, the verification theory of meaning claims that the meaning of a sentence is the method of its verification. (shrink)

The phenomenon of rationalism and irrationalism, contextually related to the transformation methodology and the social function of modern (post-industrial) science – social verification, interpretation and knowledge, etc., are analyzes.

This paper examines how accepting the simulation hypothesis as a serious philosophical proposition forces a fundamental reconsideration of epistemological certainty. While previous work has focused on the probability of living in a simulation or the nature of consciousness within simulations, we demonstrate that the mere possibility of simulated reality creates a unique crisis for knowledge hierarchies that differs fundamentally from traditional sceptical arguments. Unlike Cartesian doubt, which preserves the notion of an objective reality while questioning our access to it, the (...) simulation hypothesis suggests reality itself might be programmatically mutable. We argue this undermines traditional distinctions between scientific and religious epistemology, creates an insoluble verification paradox for scientific methodology, and requires a radical reimagining of knowledge and truth. While we suggest that complete epistemological scepticism might be avoided through appeal to necessary logical primitives, we conclude that accepting the possibility of simulated reality requires a fundamental reconstruction of how we understand knowledge, scientific practice, and the relationship between competing explanatory frameworks. (shrink)