In December, I finished (slightly) revising and updating the 2020 book I wrote primarily for my children and grandchildren, the subtitle of which now is The Story of My Life from My Birth to My 85th Birthday (1938~2023). My daughter Kathy (who lives nearby) helped in several ways, including doing some proofreading.
A few times in my book, I used the word
Black(s) to refer to African American people. Kathy, who is a teacher of
gifted students in the local public school system, said that that terminology
should be changed, and referred to the current recommendations of the APA in
that regard.
In their style guide
for writing, the American Psychological Association (APA) lists some “general
principles for reducing bias,” one of which is “be sensitive to labels.” In
that regard is this directive: “Acknowledge people’s humanity.” They went on to
say,
Choose labels with sensitivity, ensuring that the individuality and humanity of people are respected. Avoid using adjectives as nouns to label people…or labels that equate people with their condition.
Although there are some descendants of
enslaved people in this country who reportedly prefer to term Black to African
American, I soon agreed with the APA’s guidelines, and with my insightful
daughter.
This insight is something I heard more
than 60 years ago from Wayne Oates, the professor of my seminary course in
Pastoral Counseling.* I have not, though, sufficiently or consistently put
that perspective into practice.
I still remember Dr. Oates telling us “preacher
boys” (and I don’t remember even one female student in that course I took in
1961 or ’62) that in our work as pastors, we shouldn’t say things like we’re going
to visit the sick or the elderly. Rather, we should always refer to them as
sick or elderly people.
Oates, who had a Ph.D. in religious
psychology, was emphasizing then what the APA is still stressing now:
adjectives should not be used as nouns to label people. The humanity of all
people should always be recognized.
Even the humanity of
our enemies must be affirmed. That is one thing that impressed me when I read the
Sojourners article that introduced and included an interview with Ali
Abu Awwad, the Palestinian pacifist I wrote about in my previous blog post.**
That article begins with these words:
A core principle of nonviolence is recognizing the humanity of your opponent.
Considerable progress has been made in
this regard in recent years. In the public media, “slaves” are now usually
referred to as enslaved people. Such language choice separates people's
identity from their circumstance.
And just the other day, I was surprised to
hear a newscaster on the radio refer to “people experiencing homelessness”
rather than “the homeless.” That was another example of people’s humanity being
emphasized over their current condition.
But what about Awwad’s emphasis on
recognizing the humanity of one’s opponents or enemies? It is certainly
commendable that as a Palestinian man he can see the humanity of the Israelis
who incarcerated him.
Can Israelis or even us in this in country,
though, recognize the humanity of Palestinians affiliated with Hamas? It is
certainly easier to demonize such people—and the enemy in every war is
demonized. That makes it much easier to kill them.
As an advocate of nonviolence, I agree with
Awwad’s recognition of the humanity of all people, including enemies. After
all, Jesus said to his followers, “…love your enemies and pray for those who
harass you” (Matt. 5:44, CEB).
The Hamas fighters are usually called
terrorists, and not without reason. But if we follow the guidelines given
above, perhaps they should be called “desperate people engaging in terrorism [=the
use of intentional violence and fear to achieve political or ideological aims].”
I do not in any way condone the 10/7 violent
attacks on Israel. But I do want to affirm their humanity, and that affirmation
comes partly from recognizing their legitimate grievances at the way
Palestinians have been treated since 1948.
There is no telling what may happen, in the Levant
or the world as a whole, in this new year of 2024. But among other things, let
us always endeavor to respect the humanity of all people.
_____
* In my 10/20/14
blog post
I wrote that Wayne Oates was “probably the wisest teacher I ever sat under.”
**
Only after
making my previous blog post did I learn that Awwad was one of two men awarded
this year’s Indira Gandhi Prize for Peace, Disarmament and Development in
December. That award was bestowed on Awwad for his “efforts towards a
non-violent resolution of the Israel-Palestine conflict.” That prestigious Peace
Prize has been awarded annually since its establishment in 1986. Jimmy Carter
was the recipient of it in 1997.
