ACRONYMS National Statistics Institute
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21 October 2025

Household income distribution map

Year 2023

Main results

  • The average net income1 per person nationwide increased by 6.9% in 2023 to 15,036 euros.
  • Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), Matadepera (Barcelona) and Boadilla del Monte (Madrid) were the municipalities with more than 2,000 inhabitants with the highest average annual income per inhabitant.
  • Iznalloz (Granada), El Palmar de Troya (Sevilla) and Huesa (Jaén) were the municipalities with over 2,000 inhabitants with the lowest average annual income per inhabitant.
  • The provinces with the highest net annual income per inhabitant were Gipuzkoa, Bizkaia and Madrid. The lowest incomes were recorded in Almería, Jaén and Badajoz.

Starting with this edition of the Household Income Distribution Map, the value of the national total is incorporated for all variables, available from 2021.

Mean and median income indicators. National scope

The average net income per person nationwide increased by 6.9% in 2023 to 15,036 euros. Among the income indicators, the largest increase was recorded in the median income per consumption unit (7.8%), which reached 19,250 euros.

Mean and median income indicators

Euros and percentage change

1 The concept of net income according to the Map is not equivalent to that defined for net income in the National Accounts, as they correspond to different methodological frameworks. See appendix of the methodology used in the Household Income Distribution Map.

Average annual net income per inhabitant. Municipal Level

The three municipalities with more than 2,000 inhabitants and the highest income per inhabitant in 2023 were Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid), with 30,524 euros, Matadepera (Barcelona), with 26,720, and Boadilla del Monte (Madrid), with 26,668 euros.

These three municipalities had already topped this ranking in the previous two years.

On the other hand, the municipalities of over 2,000 inhabitants with the lowest average net annual income per inhabitant were Iznalloz (Granada), with 8,399 euros, El Palmar de Troya (Seville), with 8,688 euros, and Huesa (Jaén), with 8,825 euros.

Municipalities (over 2,000 inhabitants) by average net annual income per capita. Year 2023

Euros

By ordering the average income per person of Spain's municipalities from lowest to highest, we obtain the quartiles of the distribution, which divide the municipalities into four groups with the same number of municipalities.

By geographical location, the Basque Country stood out for having 90.9% of its municipalities being among the 25% with the highest income in Spain (above 16,112 euros), and the Autonomous Community of Navarre, with 69.1%.

At the other extreme were the Region of Murcia, where 91.1% of its municipalities were among the 25% with the lowest income (less than 12,505 euros), and Extremadura, with 82.7%.

Distribution of municipalities by Autonomous Community and range of average annual net income per inhabitant. Year 2023

Percentage

Average income per inhabitant by municipalities. Year 2023

Euros

Average annual net income per inhabitant by census tracts

If the census tracts are ordered from lowest to highest according to the average income per person, the 10% of units with the highest income were above the last decile (20,435 euros) in 2023.

The provincial capitals with the highest percentage of census tracts with very high average annual net income per inhabitant (above the bottom decile) were Donostia/San Sebastián (61.7%), Madrid (39.3%) and Barcelona (33.7%).

In contrast, Cuenca (0.0%), Pontevedra (1.6%) and Guadalajara (1.7%) had the lowest percentages of census tracts with very high incomes.

Percentage of census tracts in provincial capitals with very high net incomes per capita. Year 2023

Percentage

The provincial capitals with the highest percentage of tracts with very low average annual net income per capita in 2023 (below the first decile of 10,606 euros) were Melilla (31.8%), Ceuta (30.4%) and Alicante/Alacant (28.5%).

Percentage of census tracts in provincial capitals with very low net income per capita. Year 2023

Percentage

Average annual net income per inhabitant. Provincial scope

Gipuzkoa leads the list of annual income by province, with 19,616 euros of average annual net income per capita in 2023. It was followed by Bizkaia (18,738) and Madrid (18,142).

On the other hand, the provinces with the lowest annual income per capita were Almería (with 11,543 euros), Jaén (11,847) and Huelva (12,008).

Net provincial income per capita. Year 2023

Euros

Data revision and updating

The 2023 data is final. All results of this operation are available on INEbase.

Methodological note

The Household Income Distribution Atlas (ADRH) is a statistical operation that provides income level and distribution indicators per person and household, completing this information with demographic indicators.

For the preparation of the income indicators, the INE uses tax data from the Tax Agency and the Provincial Treasury, and in the case of Navarre, the information provided by Nastat, ascribing income to the place where the income recipient resides.

Type of operation:
operation based entirely on the exploitation of administrative records. Aggregate results (different indicators such as mean values or distribution measures) are offered in table form.
Geographic scope:
the national territory as a whole, offering data by census sections, districts, municipalities, islands, provinces and autonomous communities.

More information on the methodology and the standardised methodological report.

INE statistics are produced in accordance with the Code of Good Practice for European Statistics. More information on Quality at INE and the Code of Best Practices.

For further information see Inicio INEbase Official INE account on @es_ine
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