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Lynx

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Description

A lynx (plural lynx or lynxes) is any of the four species (Canada lynx, Iberian lynx, Eurasian lynx, bobcat) within the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx. The name lynx originated in Middle English via Latin from the Greek word λύγξ, derived from the Indo-European root leuk- ('light, brightness') in reference to the luminescence of its reflective eyes.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynx, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 4.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2435239	https://www.gbif.org/species/2435239
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	41058	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=41058

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : Lynx

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
-	Placentalia	Owen 1837
-	Laurasiatheria	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Scrotifera	Waddell et al. 1999
-	Ferae	Linnaeus 1758
-	Carnivoramorpha	Wyss and Flynn 1993
-	Carnivoraformes	Flynn et al.
order	Carnivora	Bowditch 1821
suborder	Feliformia	Kretzoi 1945
superfamily	Aeluroidea	Flower 1869
family	Felidae	Gray 1821
subfamily	Felinae	Trouessart 1885
genus	Lynx	Kerr 1792

Common Name

lynx

Scientific Name

Lynx Kerr, 1792

Name Published In

Kerr, Robert. 1792. The Animal Kingdom, or Zoological System, of the celebrated Sir Charles Linnaeus, Class I: Mammalia: containing a complete systematic description, arrangement, and nomenclature, of all the known species and varieties of the mammalia, or animals which give suck to their young; being a translation of that part of the systema naturae, as lately published, with great improvements, by Professor Gmelin of Goettinghen, together with numerous additions from more recent zoological writers, and illustrated with copperplates. A. Strahan, and T. Cadell | W. Creech, London | Edinburgh.: i-xii + 1-644 + 10 pls. + 30 unnumbered pages.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated without evidence	Kerr, 1792
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated with evidence	Cope, 1880
Lynx	subgenus	belongs to Felis	stated without evidence	Mooser and Dalquest, 1975
Lynx	genus	subjective synonym of Felis	stated without evidence	Hemmer, 1978
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated without evidence	Matyushkin, 1979
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felinae	stated without evidence	Kurten and Anderson, 1980
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated without evidence	Werdelin, 1981
Lynx	genus	subjective synonym of Felis	stated without evidence	Groves, 1982
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated without evidence	Garcia-Perea, 1992
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felinae	stated without evidence	Martin, 1998
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felinae	stated with evidence	Johnson et al., 2006
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felidae	stated without evidence	Werdelin and Peigne, 2010
Lynx	genus	belongs to Felinae	stated without evidence	Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser, 2017

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

10 (77%)

First Recorded Appearance

10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

carnivore

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

D. E. Wilson and D. M. Reeder. 1993. Mammal species of the world

Common Name(s)

Lynx, Bobcats, Lynxes

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lynx

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Felis (Lynx) lybiensis species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Felis (Lynx) montana species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Felis (Lynx) nubiensis species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Felis (Lynx) vulgaris species	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Felis issiodorensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Felis longignathus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	10.3 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Felis lybiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Felis montana species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Felis nubiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Felis proterolyncis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	10.3 Ma Miocene	10.3 Ma Miocene
Felis vulgaris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lynx canadensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Canadian Lynx	4	1.80 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Lynx issiodorensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		37	7.25 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Lynx lynx species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Eurasian Lynx	16	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Lynx pardinus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Iberian Lynx	6	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Lynx rufus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Bobcat	62	4.90 Ma Pliocene	0 Ma Extant
Lynx spelaea species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Lynx texensis species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Lynx vulgaris species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Pardina Kaup, 1829	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Pardina*
Linx Kaup, 1829	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Linx*
Lyncus Gray, 1825	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Lyncus*
Lynchus Jardine, 1834	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Lynchus*
Eucervaria Palmer, 1903	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Eucervaria*
Lynceus Gray, 1821	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Felidae : *Lynceus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1792	Lynx Kerr
1825	Lyncus Gray p. 339
1880	Lynx Cope p. 852
1975	Felis (Lynx) Mooser and Dalquest p. 790
1979	Lynx Matyushkin
1980	Lynx Kurten and Anderson p. 196
1981	Lynx Werdelin
1988	Lynx Carroll

Year	Name and Author
1992	Lynx Garcia-Perea
1993	Lynx Wilson and Reeder
1997	Lynx Geraads p. 145
1998	Lynx Martin p. 238
2006	Lynx Johnson et al. p. 74
2010	Lynx Werdelin and Peigne p. 651
2017	Lynx Breitenmoser and Breitenmoser p. 38

References

Wilson D. E., Reeder D. M. (1993) , Mammal species of the world, 1-1206

Gray J. E. An outline of an attempt at the disposition of Mammalia into Tribes and Families, with a list of genera apparently appertaining to each Tribe, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 337-344

Cope E. D. On the extinct cats of America, The American Naturalist 14 12, 833-858

Mooser O., Dalquest W. W. (1975) Pleistocene mammals from Aguascalientes, central Mexico, Journal of Mammalogy 56 4, 781-820

Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Geraads D. (1997) Carnivores du Pliocene terminal de Ahl al Oughlam (Casablanca, Maroc), Géobios 30 1, 127-164

Martin L. D. (1998) Felidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 236-242

Johnson W. E., Eizirik E., et al (2006) The Late Miocene radiation of modern Felidae: A genetic assessment, Science 311, 73-77 doi:10.1126/science.112227

Werdelin L., Peigne S. (2010) Carnivora, Cenozoic Mammals of Africa, 603-657

Breitenmoser C., Breitenmoser U. (2017) A revised taxonomy of the Felidae, Cat News: Special Issue 1, 1-79

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 91 Thirty-five generic names of Mammals placed on the Official List of Generic Names.Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 73(4), 1 (1926) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Hall, R. (2004) Däggdjur - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Wilson & Reeder, 1993 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. (editors). (2005). Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd Ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore. 2,142 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Anim. Kingd. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Wilson & Reeder, 1993, PaleoDB - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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