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Bryozoa
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| Description | Bryozoa (also known as the Polyzoa, Ectoprocta or commonly as moss animals) are a phylum of aquatic invertebrate animals. Typically about 0.5 millimetres (0.020 in) long, they are filter feeders that sieve food particles out of the water using a retractable lophophore, a "crown" of tentacles lined with cilia. Most marine species live in tropical waters, but a few occur in oceanic trenches, and others are found in polar waters. One class lives only in a variety of freshwater environments, and a few members of a mostly marine class prefer brackish water. Over 4,000 living species are known. One genus is solitary and the rest are colonial. From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryozoa, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 4.0. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Source Data |
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| Rank | phylum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Bryozoa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxonomic Status (GBIF) | accepted | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Classification (PBDB,GBIF) |
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| Common Name | bryozoan | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Scientific Name | Bryozoa | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Opinions (PBDB) |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 5,219 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 850 (16%) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| First Recorded Appearance | 488 - 478 Ma Paleozoic | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motility | stationary, attached | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Diet | suspension feeder | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Taphonomy | low Mg calcite | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Common Name(s) | Bryozoan, Bryozoans, Bryozoen, Moostierchen, Moostiere, Lace Animals, Lace Corals, Mosdiertjes, Moss Animals, Mossdjur, Sea Mats, 苔虫動物 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Wikipedia | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bryozoa |
External Images
Fossil Distribution
Subtaxa
| Name | Status | Common Name(s) | Fossil Occurrences | Oldest | Youngest |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Gymnolaemataclass | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 5,321 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Phylactolaemata class | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 1 | 122 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Stenolaemata class | accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB) | 20,577 | 485 Ma Cambrian | 0 Ma Extant | |
| Fenestellida ✝ order | listed (PBDB) | 28 | 403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian | 260 Ma Permian | |
| Acanthionella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Archaeopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ascancestor genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ascosoecia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Astreptodictya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bimulticavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bryobrownius genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bueltenopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Bullaconopeum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cellarina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chasmatoporella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Clausimultelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Clavicavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Claviclausa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Coeloconus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Confusocella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Crateripora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Craticulacella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Criserpia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Cytidmonea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dendropora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Desmeopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Dictyocladia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplodesmopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplopholeos genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Discocavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Discoflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Discopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Domopora genus | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Drymotrypa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Eoescharopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Eridocampylus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Escharellina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Escharinella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fasciculiporina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fasciporina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Filiflustra genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Filiflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Filiflustrellaria genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Filiflustrina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Fitzroyopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Flabellaris genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Flustrina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Foratella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Gemellaria genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Granivallum genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hemipachydictya genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Holostoma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Homaeosolen ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | 5 | 105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous | 85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous | |
| Hybopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Imponoglyphus genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Kunradocella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Laterocava genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lateroflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lopholepis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Lunariopsis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Meandrocavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multescharipora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multiclausa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multicrisina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multinodelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multiporina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Myriolithes genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Naresia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nebulipora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nodelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nodicava genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nodicrescis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Omniretepora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Oochilina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Orbitulites genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Paricavea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pavotubigera genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Percyopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Peronoporella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Polytrema genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Poristoma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pyriflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pyriflustrina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Radiotubigera genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptescharellina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptescharinella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptocea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptocelleporaria ✝ genus | listed (PBDB) | ||||
| Reptoflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptoflustrina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptolatereschara genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptonodicrescis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptoporella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Reptoporellina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Retecavella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semicava genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semicelleporaria genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semicrescis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semiescharellina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semiescharipora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semiflustrella genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semiflustrina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semimultelea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semimulticava genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semimulticlausa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semimulticrescis genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semimultisparsa genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Semiporina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Septocea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sulcopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Taeniocellaria genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tervidmonea genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Thallostigma genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Trigonoecia genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Trochopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Unidistelopora genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Vincularina genus | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Brodiela ignota species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Buffonelloides baculina species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes compressa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes elegans species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes fusiforme species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes granulifera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes irregularis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes muscatinensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes ponderosus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chaetetes venustus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chartecystis compressa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Chlidoriopsis inflata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Coelosphaeridium kohtlaense species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Coscinopsis conchaea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Costicellaria solida species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Demafinga pennsylvanica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplodesmorpha alternata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplonotus costulatum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplonotus striatum species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Diplonotus supplicatus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Distanescharella jacksonica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Distanescharella lata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Erkosonia admota species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Erkosonia semota species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Graysonia bergquisti species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Gulabronchus cellulanus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Haploecia multilamellosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Haploecia straminea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Hemiulrichstylus lineatus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Icthyaria oculata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Manorella proteus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Millepora straminea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Miroporella infundibulipora species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Monticuliporelli croneisi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Monticuliporelli peculiaris species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Monticuliporelli shideleri species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Multigalen marginata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Nematotrypa spiralis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ogivalinala eximipora species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ogivalinala mutabilis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Phylacyella columnaris species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Plageoecia ambigua species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Pleuronia pertusa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Polyascoecia foraminosa species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ptilopora cyclindracea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Ptilopora paupera species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Quadricella caraibica species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Sardesonia carinata species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Stereotoecthus typicus species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tessarodoma bifax species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tessoradoma bifax species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tretonia levis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tretonia pooleyi species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Tubulelleria zanzibariensis species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
| Websteria cretacea species | accepted (GBIF) | No associated record in PBDB | |||
Synonymy List
| Year | Name and Author |
|---|---|
| 1831 | Bryozoa Ehrenberg |
| 1861 | Dingeria Geinitz p. 111 |
| 1861 | Dingeria depressa Geinitz p. 111 figs. Pl 20, figs 18-22 |
| 1904 | Bryozoa Ulrich and Bassler p. 404 |
| 1987 | Bryozoa Boardman and Cheetham p. 506 |
| 1998 | Bryozoa Zrzavy et al. |
| 2002 | Bryozoa Sepkoski, Jr. |
| 2011 | Bryozoa Edgecombe et al. p. 153 figs. Fig. 1 |
| 2012 | Bryozoa Nielsen p. 208 figs. Fig. 23.1 |
References
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
Port Henry, Mineville Mining District, Essex County, New York, USA