学习嵌入式的第三十八天

天气查询

1.实现原理和实现目标

1.原理

  • 利用TCP协议连接到api.k780.com网站中查询信息并打印到终端

2.目标

  • 用户输入想要查询的城市,再输入想要查询的日期
  • 打印出对应的天气情况
  • 对于历史天气不支持查询

3.实现方法

1.头文件
#ifndef _HEAD_H_
#define _HEAD_H_

#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<arpa/inet.h>
#include<pthread.h>
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/socket.h>
#include<signal.h>
#include<sys/wait.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<time.h>
#include<netinet/in.h>

extern void get_local_info(char *ptmp);
extern char* menu_show(void);
extern int menu_select(void);
extern void what_day(void);
extern char* log_in(char *addr);
extern int get_future_weather(char *ptmp);


#endif
2.界面函数
  • 展示出应用界面,引导用户输入

  • 将用户输入的城市名和查询方式拼接到URL中

    代码实现:

    #include"head.h"
    
    char* menu_show(void){
    
        static char addr[1024] = {0};
        char name[20] = {0};
    
        printf("******************************\n");
        printf("*         天气查询系统       *\n");
        printf("*     请输入你要查询的城市   *\n");
        printf("*        输入0退出系统       *\n");
        printf("******************************\n");
        scanf("%s",name);
        if(strcmp(name,"0") == 0){
    
            return "quit";
        }
        sprintf(addr,"&weaid=%s&appkey=77265&sign=6856d5882decbc6dcd42d8181fd613fc&format=json HTTP/1.1\r\nHost: api.k780.com\r\n\r\n",name);
    
        return addr;
    }
    void what_day(void){
    
    
        printf("******************************\n");
        printf("*         天气查询系统       *\n");
        printf("*     输入编号查询对应天气   *\n");
        printf("*     输入0退出此界面        *\n");
        printf("*     1.查询当天天气         *\n");
        printf("*     2.查询未来天气         *\n");
        printf("*     3.查询历史天气(未开放) *\n");
        printf("******************************\n");
        return;
    }
    int menu_select(void){
    
        int select = 0;
        scanf("%d",&select);
        switch(select){
    
            case 0:
                return 0;break;
            case 1:
                return 1;break;
            case 2:
                return 2;break;
            case 3:
                return 3;break;
        }
    }
    
3.输出函数
  • 将拼接好的URL接入到网站中,并将网站返回的信息返回

  • 根据查询方式输出

    代码实现:

    #include"head.h"
    
    char* log_in(char *addr){
    
        int fd;
        char tmp[4096] = {0};
        static char buf[4096] = {0};
        
        
        fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (fd < 0) {
            perror("socket");
            return NULL;
        }
    
        struct sockaddr_in seraddr;
    
        seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        seraddr.sin_port = htons(80);
        seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("103.205.5.249");
        
    
        if(connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&seraddr, sizeof(seraddr))<0){
            perror("fail to connect");
            return NULL;
        }
        strcpy(tmp,addr);
        if(strcmp(tmp,"quit") == 0){
    
            close(fd);
            return NULL;
        }
        write(fd,tmp, strlen(tmp));
        int n = read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
        if(n > 0) buf[n] = '\0';
        close(fd);
        
        return buf;
    }
    
    void get_local_info(char *ptmp){
    
        char buf[4096] = {0};
        char *p = NULL;
        printf("今日天气预报:\n");
        printf("-------------------------\n");
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"citynm");
        p += 9;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("城市:%s\n",p);
        
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"temperature");
        p += 14;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("今日温度:%s\n",p);
        
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"temperature_curr");
        p += 19;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("现在温度:%s\n",p);
        
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"weather");
        p += 10;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("天气:%s\n",p);
        
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"wind");
        p += 7;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("风向:%s\n",p);
        
        strcpy(buf,ptmp);
        p = strstr(buf,"winp");
        p += 7;
        strtok(p,"\"");
        printf("风速:%s\n",p);
        printf("-------------------------\n");
    
        return;
    }
    int get_future_weather(char *ptmp) {
        char *q = ptmp;
        char info[1024] = {0};
        char buf[4096] = {0};
        char *p = NULL;
        printf("未来几天天气预报:\n");
        printf("-------------------------\n");
        while ((q = strstr(q, "\"weaid\":")) != NULL) {
            q += 8;
            sscanf(q, "%[^}]", info);
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "days");
            if (p) {
                p += 7;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "week");
            if (p) {
                p += 7;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "citynm");
            if (p) {
                p += 9;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("城市:%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "temperature");
            if (p) {
                p += 14;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("温度:%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "humidity");
            if (p) {
                p += 11;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("湿度:%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "weather");
            if (p) {
                p += 10;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("天气:%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "wind");
            if (p) {
                p += 7;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("风向:%s\n", p);
            }
    
            strcpy(buf, info);
            p = strstr(buf, "winp");
            if (p) {
                p += 7;
                strtok(p, "\"");
                printf("风速:%s\n", p);
            }
            printf("-------------------------\n");
            q++;
        }
        return 0;
    }
       
    
4.主函数

代码实现:

#include"head.h"

int main(void){

    int num = 0;
    char *addr;
    char type[20];
    char req[4096];
    char *tmp = NULL;
    
    while(1){
        addr = menu_show();
        if(strcmp(addr,"quit") == 0){
            printf("感谢使用,再见!\n");
            break;
        }
        
        what_day();
        num = menu_select();
    switch(num){
        case 0:
            break;
        case 1:
            strcpy(type,"today");
            sprintf(req,"GET /?app=weather.%s",type);
            strcat(req,addr);
            tmp = log_in(req);
            get_local_info(tmp);break;
        case 2:
            strcpy(type,"future");
            sprintf(req,"GET /?app=weather.%s",type);
            strcat(req,addr);
            tmp = log_in(req);
            get_future_weather(tmp);break;
        case 3:
            printf("功能未开放,敬请期待!\n");break;
 
    }
}
    return 0;
}

附:使用cjson分割

  • 也可以使用cjson分割网站返回的信息

  • 需要加上cjson自带的cJSON.h和cJSON.c函数

  • 获取这两个函数可以访问GitHub上的网址

    https://github.com/DaveGamble/cJSON
    
  • 把函数加上之后只需要修改输出函数即可

    #include"head.h"
    #include"cJSON.h"
    
    
    char* log_in(char *addr){
    
        int fd;
        char tmp[4096] = {0};
        static char buf[4096] = {0};
        
        
        fd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
        if (fd < 0) {
            perror("socket");
            return NULL;
        }
    
        struct sockaddr_in seraddr;
    
        seraddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
        seraddr.sin_port = htons(80);
        seraddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("103.205.5.249");
        
    
        if(connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&seraddr, sizeof(seraddr))<0){
            perror("fail to connect");
            return NULL;
        }
        strcpy(tmp,addr);
        if(strcmp(tmp,"quit") == 0){
    
            close(fd);
            return NULL;
        }
        write(fd,tmp, strlen(tmp));
        int n = read(fd,buf,sizeof(buf)-1);
        if(n > 0) buf[n] = '\0';
        close(fd);
        
        return buf;
    }
    
    void get_local_info(char *ptmp){
        cJSON *root = NULL;
        char *json_start = strstr(ptmp, "{");
        json_start = strstr(json_start+1,"{");
        if (json_start != NULL) {
    
               char *json_end = strrchr(json_start,'}');
                if(json_end != NULL){
                    
                    *(json_end) = '\0';
                }
            }
        root = cJSON_Parse(json_start);
        
        if(root == NULL){
    
        const char *error_ptr = cJSON_GetErrorPtr();
        if(error_ptr != NULL){
    
            fprintf(stderr,"Error before: %s\n",error_ptr);
        }
        return;
       }
       cJSON *city_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"citynm");
       if(cJSON_IsString(city_item)){
    
            printf("城市:%s\n",city_item->valuestring);
       }
    
       cJSON *temperature_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"temperature");
       if(cJSON_IsString(temperature_item)){
            printf("温度:%s\n",temperature_item->valuestring);
       }
    
       cJSON *temperature_curr_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"temperature_curr");
        if(cJSON_IsString(temperature_curr_item)){
            printf("当前温度:%s\n",temperature_curr_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *weather_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"weather");
        if(cJSON_IsString(weather_item)){
            printf("天气:%s\n",weather_item->valuestring);
        }
        cJSON *wind_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"wind");
        if(cJSON_IsString(wind_item)){
            printf("风向:%s\n",wind_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *winp_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"winp");
        if(cJSON_IsString(winp_item)){
            printf("风速:%s\n",winp_item->valuestring);
        }
    
       return;
    }
    int get_future_weather(char *ptmp) {
    
        cJSON *root = NULL;
        char *json_end;
        char *json_start;
        int i = 0;
        
        for(i = 0;i<7;i++){
            printf("--------------------------------------\n");
            if(i == 0){
            json_start = strstr(ptmp, "{");
            json_start = strstr(json_start+1,"{");
            if (json_start != NULL) {
    
                    json_end = strstr(json_start,"}");
                    
                    if(json_end != NULL){
                        
                        *(json_end+1) = '\0';
                    }
                }
                json_end ++;
                json_end ++;
            }
            else{
            
            json_start = json_end;
            //printf("json_start = %s\n",json_start);
            
            if (json_start != NULL) {
    
                    json_end = strstr(json_start,"}");
                    
                    if(json_end != NULL){
                        
                        *(json_end+1) = '\0';
                    }
                }
                json_end ++;
                json_end ++;
            }
            root = cJSON_Parse(json_start);
            
            if(root == NULL){
    
            const char *error_ptr = cJSON_GetErrorPtr();
            if(error_ptr != NULL){
    
                fprintf(stderr,"Error before: %s\n",error_ptr);
            }
            return -1;
        }
    
        cJSON *date_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"days");
        if(cJSON_IsString(date_item)){
                
            printf("日期:%s\n",date_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *week_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"week");
        if(cJSON_IsString(week_item)){
            
            printf("星期:%s\n",week_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *city_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"citynm");
        if(cJSON_IsString(city_item)){
    
            printf("城市:%s\n",city_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *temperature_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"temperature");
        if(cJSON_IsString(temperature_item)){
                
            printf("温度:%s\n",temperature_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *humidity_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"humidity");
        if(cJSON_IsString(humidity_item)){
                
            printf("当前湿度:%s\n",humidity_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *weather_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"weather");
        if(cJSON_IsString(weather_item)){
                
            printf("天气:%s\n",weather_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *wind_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"wind");
        if(cJSON_IsString(wind_item)){
                
            printf("风向:%s\n",wind_item->valuestring);
        }
    
        cJSON *winp_item = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root,"winp");
        if(cJSON_IsString(winp_item)){
            
            printf("风速:%s\n",winp_item->valuestring);
        }
        }
        return 0;
    }
    
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