Nginx安装与配置(包括解决403错误,站点配置,_STORAGE_WRITE_ERROR_,No input file)

最新推荐文章于 2025-05-20 14:12:31 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-05-20 14:12:31 发布

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分类专栏： Linux 文章标签： nginx 403

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本文介绍了Nginx的安装过程，并针对遇到的403权限错误提供了排查方法，包括检查文件权限和阅读错误日志。同时，讲解了如何在Nginx中部署TP框架，以及解决_NO_INPUT_FILE_和_STORAGE_WRITE_ERROR_问题，重点是确保Runtime目录的读写权限设置正确。

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1.yum 安装nginx

nginx -v   #安装前检查
yum install nginx -y  #yum安装nginx

2.启动nginx并设置开机自启动

systemctl start nginx.service  #启动nginx
 systemctl stop  nginx.service  #关闭nginx
 systemctl enable nginx.service #设置nginx开机自启
 systemctl status nginx.service #查看nginx运行状态

3.安装完成后即可输入ip进行访问,若出现403,检查是否关闭防火墙

systemctl stop firewalld  #关闭防火墙

4.修改nginx配置文件使其支持php解析,并配置相关参数

# For more information on configuration, see:
#   * Official English Documentation: http://nginx.org/en/docs/
#   * Official Russian Documentation: http://nginx.org/ru/docs/

user root;  #运行用户
worker_processes auto;  ##启动进程,通常设置成和cpu的数量相等
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log; #错误日志位置
pid /run/nginx.pid; #全局错误日志及PID文件

# Load dynamic modules. See /usr/share/nginx/README.dynamic.
include /usr/share/nginx/modules/*.conf;
worker_rlimit_nofile 51200; #单个后台worker process进程的最大并发链接数

events {
    use epoll;  #仅用于linux2.6以上内核,可以大大提高nginx的性能
    worker_connections 51200;
    multi_accept on;
}

http {
    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;
    charset             utf-8;
    sendfile            on;
    tcp_nopush          on;
    tcp_nodelay         on;
    keepalive_timeout   65;
    types_hash_max_size 2048;

    include             /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type        application/octet-stream;

    # Load modular configuration files from the /etc/nginx/conf.d directory.
    # See http://nginx.org/en/docs/ngx_core_module.html#include
    # for more information.
    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;

    fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
    fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
    fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
    fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
    fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 256k;

    server {
        listen       80 default_server;
        listen       [::]:80 default_server;
        server_name  _;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
       # root         /usr/share/nginx/html;    #默认网站根目录
        root          /home/www;    #自定义网站根目录 需要给足读写权限
        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;

        location / {
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        autoindex on;
        }
        location ~ \.php$ {
         #root /usr/share/nginx/html; #指定php的根目录
         root /home/www;    #自定义网站根目录 需要给足读写权限
         fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;#php-fpm的默认端口是9000
         fastcgi_index index.php;
         fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
         include fastcgi_params;
        }
        error_page 404 /404.html;
            location = /40x.html {
        }

        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
            location = /50x.html {
        }
    }

# Settings for a TLS enabled server.
#
#    server {
#        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        listen       443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        listen       [::]:443 ssl http2 default_server;
#        server_name  _;
#        root         /usr/share/nginx/html;
#
#        ssl_certificate "/etc/pki/nginx/server.crt";
#        ssl_certificate_key "/etc/pki/nginx/private/server.key";
#        ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:1m;
#        ssl_session_timeout  10m;
#        ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
#        ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;
#
#        # Load configuration files for the default server block.
#        include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
#
#        location / {
#        }
#
#        error_page 404 /404.html;
#            location = /40x.html {
#        }
#
#        error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
#            location = /50x.html {
#        }
#    }
  include vhosts/*.conf;
}

5.启动php-fpm(有两种启动方式,1.手动切换到目录下启动,2.设置开机自启动)
a.手动启动:切换到php-fpm目录执行./php-fpm </usr/sbin/php-fpm>
b.开机自启:systemctl enable php-fpm.service

6.关闭 selinux(selinux开启可能会导致访问时出现403)
a. 临时关闭

setenforce 0

b. 永久关闭

vi /etc/selinux/config(find / -name selinux)

将SELINUX=enforcing改为SELINUX=disabled
设置后需要重启才能生效

7.配置虚拟站点
a.find / -name nginx.conf #找到nginx.conf目录路径 </etc/nginx/nginx.conf>
b.在nginx目录下新建文件夹vhosts
c.切换到vhosts目录,新建web1.conf,web1.conf配置如下

server {
    listen       80;
    server_name  web1.com;
    root        /home/www/web/;
    index  index.php index.html;


    location / {
        index  index.php index.html;
    }
    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$ {
        fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
        fastcgi_index index.php;
        fastcgi_param   SCRIPT_FILENAME   $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
        fastcgi_param APPLICATION_ENV development;
        include fastcgi_params;
    }
}

d.并在nginx.conf的server最后添加 include vhosts/*.conf;
e.配置解析,find / -name hosts </etc/hosts> 添加域名及ip,还需在本机hosts中也添加ip地址

8.如果nginx安装或运行过程中出现 403 错误首先检查是否具有读写权限,如果出现其他错误,可使用cat命令查看错误日志进行问题排查 </var/log/nginx/error.log>

9.部署tp框架在Nginx中(或者出现 No input file)

使Nginx支持tp框架支持:common中加入以下配置

return array(
	'URL_MODEL' => '2', //URL模式 或者 'URL_MODEL' =>3(URL兼容模式)
	'URL_PATHINFO_FETCH' => ':get_path_info', //加入此项配置
);

Nginx.conf:
location / { // …..省略部分代码
   if (!-e $request_filename) {
   rewrite  ^(.*)$  /index.php?s=$1  last;
   break;
    }
 }

如出现下图情况(_STORAGE_WRITE_ERROR_),请检查Runtime目录是否具有读写权限