在Matplotlib中绘制堆积圆柱形柱状图

在Matplotlib中，如何绘制堆积圆柱形柱状图？如果只有一个柱子，又该怎么做？找不到直接的函数来绘制堆积圆柱形柱状图，也没有简单的解决方法。问题在于它既不是真正的2D，也不是真正的3D。使用Matplotlib，需要使2D看起来像3D。这意味着你需要创建一个圆柱形状。为了使它看起来更好，可能还需要一个纹理来产生阴影效果。mplot3d是Matplotlib的3D扩展，可以使用它来绘制圆柱形柱状图。

2、解决方案

from __future__ import print_function
from __future__ import division
from __future__ import absolute_import

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D 

import numpy
import matplotlib 
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt


def plot_cylinder_element(x, z, dz, rx = 5, ry = 5, color = "b"):
    """
    x: left, right
    z: start height
    dz: height of cylinder
    rx, ry = radius of width (x) and depth (y)
    color = color

    Inspired by:
http://matplotlib.1069221.n5.nabble.com/plot-surface-shading-and-clipping-error-td14031.html
    """

    N = 100             # number of elements
    # a lower stride will give more faces. A cylinder with 4 faces is a cube :)
    # I think with N=100 and rstride=2, it will have 50 faces
    # cstride is the height, rstride the circle
    cstride_side = 1000 # only 1 element needed
    rstride_side = 1    # many elements to make a nice cylinder shape
    cstride_top = 10    
    rstride_top = 10

    # parameters of cylinder
    phi = numpy.linspace(0, 2 * numpy.pi, N) 
    _r = numpy.ones(N) 
    _h