在ABAP语言中,LOOP 循环里的 AT NEW 与 AT END OF 语句用于处理内表数据分组相关的操作
当 LOOP 循环处理内表数据时,AT NEW 语句用于检测指定字段或字段组合的值是否发生变化,如果当前行的指定字段值与上一行不同,AT NEW 后的代码块就会被执行
AT END OF 与 AT NEW 相对应,用于检测分组的结束,当循环处理到某一组数据的最后一行时(即指定字段值即将发生变化时),AT END OF 后的代码块会被执行
示例1
REPORT z437_test_2025.
* 自定义数据类型
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_demo,
col1 TYPE c LENGTH 5,
col2 TYPE c LENGTH 5,
col3 TYPE i,
END OF ty_demo.
* 定义内表与结构体
DATA: lt_demo TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_demo,
ls_demo TYPE ty_demo.
* 添加数据
ls_demo-col1 = '1000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A1'.
ls_demo-col3 = '1'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '1000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '2'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '3'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '4'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A3'.
ls_demo-col3 = '5'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '3000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A3'.
ls_demo-col3 = '6'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
cl_demo_output=>display( lt_demo ).
输出结果:
AT NEW col1:以col1为分组条件,在每组的第一条记录时执行,在上述内表lt_demo里会在第一条,第三条,第六条记录时会执行
输出结果:
AT NEW col2:以col1和col2为分组条件,在每组的第一条记录时执行,在上述内表lt_demo里会在第一条,第二条,第三条,第五条,第六条记录时会执行
输出结果:
AT END OF col1:以col1为分组条件,在每组的最后一条记录时执行,在上述内表lt_demo里会在第二条,第五条,第六条记录时会执行
输出结果:
AT END OF col2:以col1和col2为分组条件,在每组的最后一条记录时执行,在上述内表lt_demo里会在第一条,第二条,第四条,第五条,第六条记录时会执行
输出结果:
① AT NEW xxx 是以xxx及其左边的所有字段为分组条件,在每组的第一条记录时执行
② AT END OF xxx 是以xxx及其左边的所有字段为分组条件,在每组的最后一条记录时执行
提示Tips:进入AT NEW和AT END OF语句后,工作区里的数字型会清零,字符型会变成*,所以不能直接使用工作区进行数据操作
Debug进行代码调试,内表ls_tmp_demo出现以下情况
为了避免上述情况,我们可以使用LOOP AT...ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL直接操作内表数据
REPORT z437_test_2025.
* 自定义数据类型
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_demo,
col1 TYPE c LENGTH 5,
col2 TYPE c LENGTH 5,
col3 TYPE i,
END OF ty_demo.
* 定义内表与结构体
DATA: lt_demo TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_demo,
lt_import TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_demo,
ls_demo TYPE ty_demo.
* 添加数据
ls_demo-col1 = '1000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A1'.
ls_demo-col3 = '1'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '1000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '2'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '3'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A2'.
ls_demo-col3 = '4'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '2000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A3'.
ls_demo-col3 = '5'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
CLEAR ls_demo.
ls_demo-col1 = '3000'.
ls_demo-col2 = 'A3'.
ls_demo-col3 = '6'.
APPEND ls_demo TO lt_demo.
SORT lt_demo BY col1. " 排序
LOOP AT lt_demo ASSIGNING FIELD-SYMBOL(<lfs_demo>).
AT NEW col1.
APPEND <lfs_demo> TO lt_import.
ENDAT.
ENDLOOP.
cl_demo_output=>display( lt_import ).
输出结果:
示例2
REPORT z437_test_2025.
* 自定义数据类型
TYPES: BEGIN OF ty_ekpo,
ebeln TYPE ebeln, " 采购凭证编号
ebelp TYPE ebelp, " 采购凭证的项目编号
txz01 TYPE c LENGTH 20, " 描述信息
END OF ty_ekpo.
* 定义内表与结构体
DATA: lt_ekpo TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_ekpo,
ls_ekpo TYPE ty_ekpo,
ls_ekpo_tmp TYPE ty_ekpo.
* 添加数据
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '1'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 10.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '1'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 20.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '2'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 10.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '2'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 20.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '2'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 30.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '3'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 10.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
ls_ekpo-ebeln = '4'.
ls_ekpo-ebelp = 10.
ls_ekpo-txz01 = 'TEXT1'.
APPEND ls_ekpo TO lt_ekpo.
* 对内表lt_ekpo进行排序
SORT lt_ekpo BY ebeln.
* 临时存储采购订单,按照采购订单编号进行区分
DATA: lt_ekpo_tmp TYPE STANDARD TABLE OF ty_ekpo.
LOOP AT lt_ekpo INTO ls_ekpo.
ls_ekpo_tmp = ls_ekpo.
APPEND ls_ekpo_tmp TO lt_ekpo_tmp.
AT NEW ebeln. " 当ebeln字段发生变化并且是其第一次出现,输出以下内容
WRITE: / '采购订单:', ls_ekpo_tmp-ebeln.
ENDAT.
AT END OF ebeln. " 当ebeln字段发生变化并且是其最后一次出现,输出以下内容
LOOP AT lt_ekpo_tmp INTO DATA(ls_e).
WRITE: / ls_e-ebeln,ls_e-ebelp,ls_e-txz01.
ENDLOOP.
CLEAR lt_ekpo_tmp. " 清空内表内容
ENDAT.
ENDLOOP.
输出结果: