WSL2 安装 CUDA（Win11）

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#ubuntu #linux #cuda #pytorch #wsl2

于 2022-04-25 17:52:48 首次发布

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本文详细指导如何在Windows 11的WSL2环境下安装CUDA驱动，并配置Ubuntu 18.04版本，涉及更换阿里或清华源、升级包、安装cuda-toolkit、配置环境变量，最后演示如何安装Miniconda、PyTorch等，确保GPU使用。

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WSL2 安装 CUDA（Win11）

1.安装WSL的CUDA驱动

驱动下载地址：https://developer.nvidia.com/cuda/wsl

下载完成后直接默认安装就行

2.安装WSL2（推荐使用Ubuntu-18.04版本,其他版本坑多）

如果要卸载以前版本

wsl --list
wsl --unregister Ubuntu-18.04

下载，换源

sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
sudo chmod 777 /etc/apt/sources.list
sudo vim /etc/apt/sources.list

在vim的命令模式下按d,可以删除内容
按 i 变成编辑模式，把下面内容复制粘贴进去
先按ESC退回到命令模式，按 :wq 进行保存

阿里源：

deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse

清华源

# 默认注释了源码镜像以提高 apt update 速度，如有需要可自行取消注释
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse

# 预发布软件源，不建议启用
# deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
# deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse

更新一下包

sudo apt update
sudo apt upgrade

3.安装cuda-toolkit(10.版本用不了)

sudo apt-key adv --fetch-keys https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/3bf863cc.pub

sudo add-apt-repository "deb https://developer.download.nvidia.com/compute/cuda/repos/ubuntu1804/x86_64/ /"

sudo apt-get update

toolkit的版本一定要选择cuda版本对应的

sudo apt-get install -y cuda-toolkit-11-3

添加变量到bashrc中

vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=/usr/local/cuda/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/cuda/lib64:$LD_LIBRARY_PAT

source ~/.bashrc

验证是否安装成功

nvcc -V

4.安装Miniconda

# 切换到家目录
cd ~
# 下载miniconda
wget https://repo.anaconda.com/miniconda/Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
# 修改运行权限
chmod 777 Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
# 运行安装脚本
./Miniconda3-latest-Linux-x86_64.sh
一直按回车，在需要输入yes的时候输入yes

添加环境变量

vim ~/.bashrc
export PATH=/home/你的用户名/miniconda3/bin:$PATH

关闭WSL重新打开就能看见base环境

如果使用的是zsh

vim ~/.zshrc
export PATH=/home/你的用户名/miniconda3/bin:$PATH
cd ~/miniconda3/bin
./conda init zsh

conda换源

conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/free/
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge 
conda config --add channels https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/msys2/

conda config --set show_channel_urls yes

pip换源

pip install pip -U
pip config set global.index-url https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

5.搭建Pytorch环境

创建环境

conda create --name torch python=3.8

激活环境

conda activate torch

安装pytorch

conda install pytorch torchvision torchaudio cudatoolkit=11.3 -c pytorch

6.验证是否能使用GPU

import torch
torch.cuda.is_available()

返回True即搭建成功