通过元类创建单例模式

class A(type):
    def __call__(cls, *args, **kwargs):
        if getattr(cls, '_obj', None):
            return getattr(cls, '_obj')
        else:
            obj = object.__new__(cls)
            obj.__init__(*args, **kwargs)
            setattr(cls, '_obj', obj)
        return obj


class B(metaclass=A):
    pass



b1 = B()
b2 = B()
print(id(b1))
print(id(b2))