python3.7.2环境安装

1.Python环境搭建

1.1Python 安装

1.1.1下载python依赖

yum install gcc patch libffi-devel python-devel zlib-devel bzip2-devel openssl-devel ncurses-devel sqlite-devel readline-devel tk-devel gdbm-devel db4-devel libpcap-devel xz-devel -y

1.1.2下载源码包

wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.7.2/Python-3.7.2.tgz

1.1.3解压包

tar -zxvf Python-3.7.2.tgz

1.1.4 进入解压后的目录，编译安装

cd Python-3.7.2
./configure --prefix=/opt/python37
make && make install

1.1.5 建立python3的软连接

\# python3.7.3软链接
 ln -s /opt/python37/bin/python3 /usr/bin/python3
\# pip3软链接
 ln -s /opt/python37/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

1.1.6 将环境变量写入环境

[root@localhost ~]# vi .bash_profile
[root@localhost ~]# source ~/.bash_profile
​
# Get the aliases and functions
​
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
        . ~/.bashrc
fi
​
# User specific environment and startup programs
​
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:/usr/bin/python3/bin
​
export PATH
​
也可以下载etc/profile文件
[root@localhost conf]# cat /etc/profile
PATH=/opt/python37/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
​

1.1.7 检查是否安装成功

[root@localhost Python-3.7.2]# python3
Python 3.7.2 (default, Apr  7 2023, 16:06:23) 
[GCC 4.8.5 20150623 (Red Hat 4.8.5-44)] on linux
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.

1.2 pip安装

1.1.1官网下载

PyPI · The Python Package Index 下载版本 pip-9.0.1.tar.gz

1.1.2 解压

tar -xzvf  pip-9.0.1.tar.gz

1.1.3 安装

 cd pip-9.0.1/
python3 setup.py install

1.1.4 建立软连接

 ln -s /opt/python37/bin/pip3 /usr/bin/pip

1.1.5 验证是否安装成功

[root@localhost pip-9.0.1]# pip
​
Usage:   
  pip <command> [options]
​
Commands:
  install                     Install packages.
  download                    Download packages.
  uninstall                   Uninstall packages.
  freeze                      Output installed packages in requirements format.
  list                        List installed packages.
  show                        Show information about installed packages.
  check                       Verify installed packages have compatible dependencies.
  search                      Search PyPI for packages.
  wheel                       Build wheels from your requirements.
  hash                        Compute hashes of package archives.
  completion                  A helper command used for command completion.
  help                        Show help for commands.
​
General Options:
  -h, --help                  Show help.
  --isolated                  Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring environment variables and user configuration.
  -v, --verbose               Give more output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times.
  -V, --version               Show version and exit.
  -q, --quiet                 Give less output. Option is additive, and can be used up to 3 times (corresponding to WARNING, ERROR, and CRITICAL logging levels).
  --log <path>                Path to a verbose appending log.
  --proxy <proxy>             Specify a proxy in the form [user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
  --retries <retries>         Maximum number of retries each connection should attempt (default 5 times).
  --timeout <sec>             Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
  --exists-action <action>    Default action when a path already exists: (s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup, (a)bort.
  --trusted-host <hostname>   Mark this host as trusted, even though it does not have valid or any HTTPS.
  --cert <path>               Path to alternate CA bundle.
  --client-cert <path>        Path to SSL client certificate, a single file containing the private key and the certificate in PEM format.
  --cache-dir <dir>           Store the cache data in <dir>.
  --no-cache-dir              Disable the cache.
  --disable-pip-version-check
                              Don't periodically check PyPI to determine whether a new version of pip is available for download. Implied with --no-index.
[root@localhost pip-9.0.1]# 

1.3 依赖包安装

pip install opencv-python==4.5.5.62