mongodb备份

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-10 12:00:00 发布

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#mongodb #shell

本文详细介绍了如何使用MongoDB的mongodump和mongoexport命令进行数据备份，包括按时间范围导出特定集合的数据，并提供了创建、查看和删除索引的方法。同时，附带了一个用于每周定期备份MongoDB数据库的Shell脚本示例。

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#导出
/usr/local/bin/mongodump -h 127.0.0.1 --port 27017 -d dbname -c collection_name -q ‘{“reqTime”: {"$gte": “20200604000000000”,"$lte": “20200604235959999”}}’

/usr/local/bin/mongodump -d dbname -c collection_name --queryFile ‘/home/mongod/queryfile’ #queryfile中为json查询条件

#导出为json文件
/usr/local/bin/mongoexport -d dbname -c collection_name --type=json -q ‘{“reqTime”: {"$gte": “20200529000000000”,"$lte": “20200529235900000”}}’ -o monitor.json

/usr/local/bin/mongodump -d dbname -c collection_name -q ‘{“reqTime”: {"$gte": “20200604000000000”,"$lte": “20200604235959999”}}’

/usr/local/bin/mongoexport -d dbname -c collection_name --type=json -q ‘{“reqTime”: {"$gte": “20200604000000000”,"$lte": “20200604235959999”}}’ -o monitor.json

#查看索引
db.collection_name.getIndexes()
#删除索引
db.collection_name.dropIndex(‘insertDate_1’)
#创建索引
db.collection_name.createIndex({“insertDate”:1}, {expireAfterSeconds: 10})

备份脚本：

#!/bin/bash
#function:backup mongodb everyweek

LOG_PATH=/home/mongod/shell/mongodb_backup/
LOG=mongodb_backup.log
OUT_PREFIX=/home/mongod/backup/

backup_day=`date +"%Y%m%d"`
end_backup_day=`date -d "1 day ago" +"%Y%m%d"`
start_backup_day=`date -d "7 day ago" +"%Y%m%d"`
backup_period=${start_backup_day}-${end_backup_day}
start_time=${start_backup_day}000000000
end_time=${backup_day}000000000
db_name=dbname
collection_list="collection_name1 collection_name2"

[ ! -d $LOG_PATH ] && mkdir -p $LOG_PATH

log()
{
    log_level=("INFO" "WARN" "ERROR")
    echo "`date +%Y-%m-%d" "%H:%M:%S` [${log_level[$1]}]:$2" >> ${LOG_PATH}$LOG
}

for collection in $collection_list; do
    log 0 "start to backup db:$db_name, collection:$collection, time:$backup_period..."
    out_dir="${OUT_PREFIX}${backup_period}"
    mkdir -p ${out_dir}
    log 0 "create backup dir $out_dir successful."
    log 0 "mongodump -d ${db_name} -c ${collection} -q '{\"reqTime\": {\"\$gte\": \"$start_time\",\"\$lt\": \"$end_time\"}}' --out ${out_dir}"
    mongodump -d ${db_name} -c ${collection} -q '{"reqTime": {"$gte": "'$start_time'","$lt": "'$end_time'"}}' --out ${out_dir}
    [ -f ${out_dir}/${db_name}/${collection}.bson ] && log 0 "backup db:$db_name collection:$collection time:$backup_period successful." || log 2 "backup db:$db_name collection:$collection time:$backup_period failed."
done