深度学习学习笔记——C1W2-13——Python中的广播机制

Broadcasting in Python Python中的广播机制

In the previous video, I mentioned that broadcasting is another technique that you can use to make your Python code run faster. In this video, let's delve into how broadcasting in Python actually works.

Let's explore broadcasting with an example. In this matrix, I've shown the number of calories from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats in 100 grams of four different foods. So for example, a 100 grams of apples turns out, has 56 calories from carbs, and much less from proteins and fats. Whereas, in contrast, a 100 grams of beef has 104 calories from protein and 135 calories from fat. Now, let's say your goal is to calculate the percentage of calories from carbs, proteins and fats for each of the four foods. So, for example, if you look at this column and add up the numbers in that column you get that 100 grams of apple has 56 plus 1.2 plus 1.8 so that's 59 calories. And so as a percentage the percentage of calories from carbohydrates in an apple would be 56 over 59, that's about 94.9%. So most of the calories in an apple come from carbs, whereas in contrast, most of the calories of beef come from protein and fat and so on. So the calculation you want is really to sum up each of the four columns of this matrix to get the total number of calories in 100 grams of apples, beef, eggs, and potatoes. And then to divide throughout the matrix, so as to get the percentage of calories from carbs, proteins and fats for each of the four foods. So the question is, can you do this without an explicit for-loop?

Let's take a look at how you could do that. What I'm going to do is show you how you can set, say this matrix equal to three by four matrix A. And then with one line of Python code we're going to sum down the columns. So we're going to get four numbers corresponding to the total number of calories in these four different types of foods, 100 grams of these four different types of foods. And I'm going to use a second line of Python code to divide each of the four columns by their corresponding sum. If that verbal description wasn't very clearly, hopefully it will be clearer in a second when we look in the Python code.

So here we are in the Jupyter notebook. I've already written this first piece of code t