Elasticsearch 7.x入门学习(二) - Java API操作

1 创建项目

在idea开发工具中创建Maven项目

修改 pom 文件，增加 Maven 依赖关系

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- elasticsearch 的客户端 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.elasticsearch.client</groupId>
            <artifactId>elasticsearch-rest-high-level-client</artifactId>
            <version>7.8.0</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- elasticsearch 依赖 2.x 的 log4j -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j-core</artifactId>
            <version>2.8.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
            <version>2.9.9</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- junit 单元测试 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

新建ClientTest类创建客户端对象测试是否能连接

public class ClientTest {
   
   

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        System.out.println(client);
        client.close();
    }
}

备注：9200 端口为 Elasticsearch 的 Web 通信端口，localhost 为启动 ES 服务的主机名
执行代码，查看控制台信息，没有报错证明连接成功：

2 索引操作

通过 Java API 客户端对象对 ES 索引进行操作

2.1 创建索引

public class IndexTest {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        System.out.println(client);
        // 创建索引 - 请求对象
        CreateIndexRequest createIndexRequest = new CreateIndexRequest("user");
        // 发送请求，获取响应
        CreateIndexResponse createIndexResponse = client.indices().create(createIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 获取响应状态
        boolean acknowledged = createIndexResponse.isAcknowledged();
        System.out.println("操作状态 = " + acknowledged);
        client.close();
    }
}

执行结果：

2.2 查看索引

public class IndexTest {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        // 查询索引 - 请求对象
        GetIndexRequest request = new GetIndexRequest("user");
        // 发送请求，获取响应
        GetIndexResponse response = client.indices().get(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println("aliases:" + response.getAliases());
        System.out.println("mappings:" + response.getMappings());
        System.out.println("settings:" + response.getSettings());
        client.close();
    }
}

执行结果：

2.3 删除索引

public class IndexTest {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
       DeleteIndexRequest deleteIndexRequest = new DeleteIndexRequest("user");
       // 发送请求，获取响应
       AcknowledgedResponse deleteResponse = client.indices().delete(deleteIndexRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
       System.out.println("操作状态 = " + deleteResponse.isAcknowledged());
       client.close();
    }
}

删除索引执行完成后再次查看索引会报错

3 文档操作

3.1 新增文档

创建数据模型实体类User

public class User {
   
   

    private String name;
    private Integer age;
    private String sex;

    public String getName() {
   
   
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
   
   
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Integer getAge() {
   
   
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(Integer age) {
   
   
        this.age = age;
    }

    public String getSex() {
   
   
        return sex;
    }

    public void setSex(String sex) {
   
   
        this.sex = sex;
    }
}

创建连接，创建数据添加到文档上，没有索引的话会自动创建索引并添加文档

public class DocumentTest {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        createDocument(client);
        System.out.println(client);
        client.close();
    }

    private static void createDocument(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
   
   
        // 新增文档 - 请求对象
        IndexRequest request = new IndexRequest();
        // 设置索引及唯一性标识
        request.index("user").id("1001");
        // 创建数据对象
        User user = new User();
        user.setName("zhangsan");
        user.setAge(30);
        user.setSex("男");
        ObjectMapper objectMapper = new ObjectMapper();
        String productJson = objectMapper.writeValueAsString(user);
        // 添加文档数据，数据格式为 JSON 格式
        request.source(productJson, XContentType.JSON);
        // 客户端发送请求，获取响应对象
        IndexResponse response = client.index(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        // 打印结果信息
        System.out.println("_index:" + response.getIndex());
        System.out.println("_id:" + response.getId());
        System.out.println("_result:" + response.getResult());
    }
}

执行结果：

3.2 查询文档

根据id查询文档示例

public class DocumentTest {
   
   
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
   
   
        RestHighLevelClient client = new RestHighLevelClient(RestClient.builder(new HttpHost("localhost", 9200, "http")));
        searchDocument(client);
        client.close();
    }

    private static void searchDocument(RestHighLevelClient client) throws IOException {
   
   
        //1.创建请求对象
        GetRequest request = new GetRequest().index("user").id("1001"