Redis异常及使用总结

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已于 2022-06-04 19:48:14 修改

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分类专栏： Redis 文章标签： java Graphics2D tracer

于 2017-04-01 20:56:28 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/jiangguilong2000/article/details/45025355

Redis 专栏收录该内容

10 篇文章

订阅专栏

如何批量删除符合结果的key?

redis-cli -p 6380 -a  ooxx keys simple_user:* | xargs redis-cli  -p 6380 -a  ooxx del

预估会在在redis的hash结构中存入上千万个key,

获取的时候就要用到hscan，但用的时候要注意，版本要大于3.2.1才有效，

当count值大于512时，分页才会有效，否则显示全部，游标值返回0

命令模式

hscan key cursor [MATCH pattern] [COUNT count]

cursor,游标，从0开始，返回结果时会带有新的游标，直到游标值返回为0，遍历完毕，如下

redis 127.0.0.1:6379> scan 0
1) "17"
2)  1) "key:12"
    2) "key:8"
    3) "key:4"
    4) "key:14"
    5) "key:16"
    6) "key:17"
    7) "key:15"
    8) "key:10"
    9) "key:3"
   10) "key:7"
   11) "key:1"
redis 127.0.0.1:6379> scan 17
1) "0"
2) 1) "key:5"
   2) "key:18"
   3) "key:0"
   4) "key:2"
   5) "key:19"
   6) "key:13"
   7) "key:6"
   8) "key:9"
   9) "key:11"

例子 ,每次取1000个元素，

hscan role_logout_log 0 count 1000

----------------------------------

现象:各种发布，和其他指令都失效

日志:

com.lingyu.common.core.ServiceException: redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisDataException: ERR only (P)SUBSCRIBE / (P)UNSUBSCRIBE / QUIT allowed in this context
	at com.lingyu.common.db.Redis.publish(Redis.java:1402)
	at com.lingyu.game.service.stat.StatRepository.publish(StatRepository.java:16)
	at com.lingyu.game.service.stat.StatManager.statRealTime(StatManager.java:232)
	at com.lingyu.game.service.job.JobManager.statRealTime(JobManager.java:336)
	at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor203.invoke(Unknown Source)
	at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
	at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:497)
	at org.springframework.scheduling.support.ScheduledMethodRunnable.run(ScheduledMethodRunnable.java:65)
	at org.springframework.scheduling.support.DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.run(DelegatingErrorHandlingRunnable.java:54)
	at java.util.concurrent.Executors$RunnableAdapter.call(Executors.java:511)
	at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.runAndReset(FutureTask.java:308)
	at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.access$301(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:180)
	at java.util.concurrent.ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor$ScheduledFutureTask.run(ScheduledThreadPoolExecutor.java:294)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
	at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
	at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:756)
Caused by: redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisDataException: ERR only (P)SUBSCRIBE / (P)UNSUBSCRIBE / QUIT allowed in this context
	at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.processError(Protocol.java:117)
	at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.process(Protocol.java:151)
	at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.read(Protocol.java:205)
	at redis.clients.jedis.Connection.readProtocolWithCheckingBroken(Connection.java:297)
	at redis.clients.jedis.Connection.getIntegerReply(Connection.java:222)
	at redis.clients.jedis.Jedis.publish(Jedis.java:2601)
	at com.lingyu.common.db.Redis.publish(Redis.java:1399)

现象 :早上后台的订阅线程无故退出，导致统计和监控失效长达5个小时左右

日志:

原因:The error comes from the fact a Redis connection cannot be shared between publishers and subscribers. Actually you need a connection (or a pool of connections) for publishers, and just one dedicated connection for the subscriber thread. Running a single subscriber thread per process is usually enough.

由于订阅线程因为某种原因逃逸，导致被阻塞的订阅连接重新投入使用，一旦被用来做其他指令的操作，就报出了以上异常，订阅过的连接不能用来做其他用处，否则就会有以上的问题。

参考:redis pub sub with jedis , sub crashes with error

2015-04-13 05:00:00.256 ERROR [Message SubScribe Monitor][SubScribeManager.java:127] - 订阅线程无故退出
com.lingyu.common.core.ServiceException: redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisConnectionException: Unexpected end of stream.
        at com.lingyu.common.db.Redis.subscribe(Redis.java:1439) ~[Redis.class:?]
        at com.lingyu.common.db.SubScribeManager.run(SubScribeManager.java:125) ~[SubScribeManager.class:?]
        at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745) [?:1.7.0_65]
Caused by: redis.clients.jedis.exceptions.JedisConnectionException: Unexpected end of stream.
        at redis.clients.util.RedisInputStream.ensureFill(RedisInputStream.java:198) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.util.RedisInputStream.read(RedisInputStream.java:180) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.processBulkReply(Protocol.java:158) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.process(Protocol.java:132) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.processMultiBulkReply(Protocol.java:183) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.process(Protocol.java:134) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Protocol.read(Protocol.java:192) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Connection.readProtocolWithCheckingBroken(Connection.java:282) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Connection.getRawObjectMultiBulkReply(Connection.java:227) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub.process(JedisPubSub.java:108) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub.proceed(JedisPubSub.java:102) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at redis.clients.jedis.Jedis.subscribe(Jedis.java:2496) ~[jedis-2.6.2.jar:?]
        at com.lingyu.common.db.Redis.subscribe(Redis.java:1435) ~[Redis.class:?]
        ... 2 more

被try{}catch(Exception e){} 的居然还会退出，很疑惑~~

查到了这篇文章：

https://github.com/xetorthio/jedis/issues/932

client-output-buffer-limit was the cause. redis-server closed the connections, leading to the exceptions.

client-output-buffer-limit

客户端buffer控制。在客户端与server进行的交互中,每个连接都会与一个buffer关联,此buffer用来队列化等待被client接受的响应信息。如果client不能及时的消费响应信息,那么buffer将会被不断积压而给server带来内存压力.如果buffer中积压的数据达到阀值,将会导致连接被关闭,buffer被移除。

buffer控制类型包括:normal -> 普通连接；slave ->与slave之间的连接；pubsub ->pub/sub类型连接，此类型的连接，往往会产生此种问题;因为pub端会密集的发布消息,但是sub端可能消费不足.
指令格式:client-output-buffer-limit <class> <hard> <soft> <seconds>",其中hard表示buffer最大值,一旦达到阀值将立即关闭连接;
soft表示"容忍值",它和seconds配合,如果buffer值超过soft且持续时间达到了seconds,也将立即关闭连接,如果超过了soft但是在seconds之后，buffer数据小于了soft,连接将会被保留.
其中hard和soft都设置为0,则表示禁用buffer控制.通常hard值大于soft.

生产线上调整参数(内存和配置同步修改):

127.0.0.1:6380> CONFIG GET client-output-buffer-limit
client-output-buffer-limit
normal 0 0 0 slave 268435456 67108864 60 pubsub 33554432 8388608 60

127.0.0.1:6380> config set client-output-buffer-limit 'normal 0 0 0 slave 268435456 67108864 60 pubsub 0 0 0'

redis.conf
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 0 0 0

===========================================================

昨天又遇到俄罗斯地区后台活动上传不成功，我们的后台活动是通过redos publish出去的，但发现publish失败，试着手工publish 小字节的是没问题，大字节的就失败，info 也没法查看。

后台确认原因是，内网局域网传输对包的大小进行了限制，超过一定大小的包，都无法进行传输，并导致连接失效。打开限制，问题解决。

=============================================================

6470672人

平均下来每个人，887字节内存占用，608 AOF 磁盘占用 344 RDB磁盘占用

文件cache需要额外占用一半的内存占用，所以大概就有10几G的占用

=============================================================

慢查询获取

slowlog get

127.0.0.1:6379> slowlog get 
 1) 1) (integer) 27
    2) (integer) 1417531320
    3) (integer) 24623
    4) 1) "info".0.1:6379> slowlog get 
 1) 1) (integer) 27
    2) (integer) 1417531320
    3) (integer) 24623
    4) 1) "info"

其中，各项指标表示：

A unique progressive identifier for every slow log entry. slowlog的流水号
The unix timestamp at which the logged command was processed. unix时间戳
The amount of time needed for its execution, in microseconds 平均耗时（注意，microseconds翻译成微秒，而不是毫秒）.
The array composing the arguments of the command.

slowlog len 获取总共的slow log数量

slowlog get number 根据数量获取slowlog

=======================================

commandstats 部分记录了各种不同类型的命令的执行统计信息，比如命令执行的次数、命令耗费的 CPU 时间(单位毫秒)、执行每个命令耗费的平均 CPU 时间(单位毫秒)等等。对于每种类型的命令，这个部分都会添加一行以下格式的信息：

cmdstat_XXX:calls=XXX,usec=XXX,usecpercall=XXX

10.104.5.98:6379>info commandstats
# Commandstats
cmdstat_get:calls=180608685,usec=470928529,usec_per_call=2.61
cmdstat_set:calls=147550519,usec=562225572,usec_per_call=3.81
cmdstat_del:calls=177224,usec=1643815,usec_per_call=9.28
cmdstat_exists:calls=14130110,usec=31402378,usec_per_call=2.22
cmdstat_incr:calls=1017,usec=3261,usec_per_call=3.21
cmdstat_mget:calls=666034,usec=18069595,usec_per_call=27.13
cmdstat_lpush:calls=103077132,usec=181583996,usec_per_call=1.76
cmdstat_lrange:calls=38777511,usec=138617427,usec_per_call=3.57
cmdstat_ltrim:calls=2056,usec=7622,usec_per_call=3.71
cmdstat_lrem:calls=103075076,usec=579401111,usec_per_call=5.62
cmdstat_zadd:calls=15900133,usec=56515414,usec_per_call=3.55
cmdstat_zincrby:calls=11747959,usec=196212310,usec_per_call=16.70
cmdstat_zrem:calls=257783,usec=1053833,usec_per_call=4.09
cmdstat_zrange:calls=7141527,usec=41950470,usec_per_call=5.87
cmdstat_zrevrangebyscore:calls=10,usec=51489,usec_per_call=5148.90
cmdstat_zcount:calls=16104028,usec=112221789,usec_per_call=6.97
cmdstat_zrevrange:calls=27497771,usec=582807534,usec_per_call=21.19
cmdstat_zscore:calls=8663683,usec=44001575,usec_per_call=5.08
cmdstat_zrank:calls=3,usec=43,usec_per_call=14.33
cmdstat_zrevrank:calls=15906400,usec=68891802,usec_per_call=4.33
cmdstat_hset:calls=10236125,usec=37507245,usec_per_call=3.66
cmdstat_hget:calls=1618802100,usec=2755577270,usec_per_call=1.70
cmdstat_hmset:calls=369619411,usec=4843444966,usec_per_call=13.10
cmdstat_hmget:calls=56015,usec=344231,usec_per_call=6.15
cmdstat_hincrby:calls=170633471,usec=884820311,usec_per_call=5.19
cmdstat_hdel:calls=44233,usec=201881,usec_per_call=4.56
cmdstat_hlen:calls=21724,usec=39834,usec_per_call=1.83
cmdstat_hgetall:calls=311374011,usec=3269118749,usec_per_call=10.50
cmdstat_hexists:calls=70864759,usec=285319509,usec_per_call=4.03
cmdstat_incrby:calls=2942269,usec=42251052,usec_per_call=14.36
cmdstat_decrby:calls=2050,usec=3616,usec_per_call=1.76
cmdstat_rename:calls=6472,usec=33326,usec_per_call=5.15
cmdstat_keys:calls=3636,usec=1974535725,usec_per_call=543051.62
cmdstat_dbsize:calls=9,usec=15,usec_per_call=1.67
cmdstat_ping:calls=46747,usec=61691,usec_per_call=1.32
cmdstat_type:calls=1,usec=3,usec_per_call=3.00
cmdstat_psync:calls=1,usec=3164,usec_per_call=3164.00
cmdstat_replconf:calls=21643928,usec=25568830,usec_per_call=1.18
cmdstat_info:calls=4,usec=3669,usec_per_call=917.25
cmdstat_config:calls=2,usec=37,usec_per_call=18.50
cmdstat_subscribe:calls=45505,usec=476993,usec_per_call=10.48
cmdstat_publish:calls=34572782,usec=262298295,usec_per_call=7.59
cmdstat_client:calls=3,usec=47628,usec_per_call=15876.00
cmdstat_eval:calls=2050,usec=76432,usec_per_call=37.28
cmdstat_slowlog:calls=1,usec=30,usec_per_call=30.00

redis.2.8.23 版本部署时会有两个warning

[32555] 09 Nov 12:06:37.804 # WARNING you have Transparent Huge Pages (THP) support enabled in your kernel. This will create latency and memory usage issues with Redis. To fix this issue run the command 'echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled' as root, and add it to your /etc/rc.local in order to retain the setting after a reboot. Redis must be restarted after THP is disabled.
[32555] 09 Nov 12:06:37.804 # WARNING: The TCP backlog setting of 511 cannot be enforced because /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn is set to the lower value of 128.

只要按照提示来就行:

echo never > /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled

echo 511 > /proc/sys/net/core/somaxconn

并加到 /etc/rc.local

==============================================

Redis ＂MISCONF Redis is configured to save RDB snapshots, but is currently not able to persist on disk＂

1.没有配置 vm.overcommit_memory=1

2.磁盘空间不足

3.rdb文件被删除，解决办法

<span style="color:#000000">CONFIG SET dir /data/redis/</span>

Redis 的zset数据结构：

有序结合(ZSet)

ZipList

一个对象的底层的数据结构是由对象的编码方式决定的，而ZSet的编码方式有两种

ziplist
skiplist
上述两种数据结构的底层实现见书籍《redis设计与实现》。
有序结合底层

ZipList

使用压缩连表时，要保证集合中的数据有序，会将key放在前面一位，然后将key所对应value放在key的后一位。这样就能够保证集合的有序。
在这里插入图片描述

SkipList

使用跳跃链表时，由于跳跃链表本来就是有序的，直接使用即可。
跳表数据结构见《Redis设计与实现》P39

当有序集合对象同时满足以下两个条件时，对象使用压缩链表编码：

有序集合保存的元素数量小于128个；
有序集合保存的所有元素成员的长度都小于64字节；

如果不满足上述两个条件，那么ZipList会转化为SkipList，同时，当后面的SkipList的元素数量和元素成员的长度满足要求时，也不会回退为ZipList。