Servlet底层源码理解

当一个类继承HttpServlet,它首先调用service方法,通过参数转型调用HttpServlet的重载方法,降低与HTTP协议的耦合。在service方法内部,根据请求类型执行DoGet或DoPost等方法,进一步调用开发者自定义的处理方法。

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如果一个类继承了HttpServlet,那么他的实现过程是怎样的?

 我的理解:一个类继承了HttpServlet类之后,首先会去调用实现父类的 service(ServletRequest req,ServletResponse res)方法通               载的 service(HttpservletRequest,HttpServletResponse)方法,目的是减少与http协议之间产生的耦合性,然后在service方法中进行判断提交方式的Do Get 还是Do Post 或者是其他提交方式,之后再通过调用我们自己重写的do get 和do post方法执行。

public HttpServlet() {
    }

    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_get_not_supported");
        this.sendMethodNotAllowed(req, resp, msg);
    }

    protected long getLastModified(HttpServletRequest req) {
        return -1L;
    }

    protected void doHead(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        if (DispatcherType.INCLUDE.equals(req.getDispatcherType())) {
            this.doGet(req, resp);
        } else {
            HttpServlet.NoBodyResponse response = new HttpServlet.NoBodyResponse(resp);
            this.doGet(req, response);
            if (req.isAsyncStarted()) {
                req.getAsyncContext().addListener(new HttpServlet.NoBodyAsyncContextListener(response));
            } else {
                response.setContentLength();
            }
        }

    }

    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_post_not_supported");
        this.sendMethodNotAllowed(req, resp, msg);
    }

    protected void doPut(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_put_not_supported");
        this.sendMethodNotAllowed(req, resp, msg);
    }

    protected void doDelete(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String msg = lStrings.getString("http.method_delete_not_supported");
        this.sendMethodNotAllowed(req, resp, msg);
    }

    private void sendMethodNotAllowed(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp, String msg) throws IOException {
        String protocol = req.getProtocol();
        if (protocol.length() != 0 && !protocol.endsWith("0.9") && !protocol.endsWith("1.0")) {
            resp.sendError(405, msg);
        } else {
            resp.sendError(400, msg);
        }

    }

    private static Method[] getAllDeclaredMethods(Class<?> c) {
        if (c.equals(HttpServlet.class)) {
            return null;
        } else {
            Method[] parentMethods = getAllDeclaredMethods(c.getSuperclass());
            Method[] thisMethods = c.getDeclaredMethods();
            if (parentMethods != null && parentMethods.length > 0) {
                Method[] allMethods = new Method[parentMethods.length + thisMethods.length];
                System.arraycopy(parentMethods, 0, allMethods, 0, parentMethods.length);
                System.arraycopy(thisMethods, 0, allMethods, parentMethods.length, thisMethods.length);
                thisMethods = allMethods;
            }

            return thisMethods;
        }
    }

    protected void doOptions(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        Method[] methods = getAllDeclaredMethods(this.getClass());
        boolean ALLOW_GET = false;
        boolean ALLOW_HEAD = false;
        boolean ALLOW_POST = false;
        boolean ALLOW_PUT = false;
        boolean ALLOW_DELETE = false;
        boolean ALLOW_TRACE = true;
        boolean ALLOW_OPTIONS = true;
        Class clazz = null;

        try {
            clazz = Class.forName("org.apache.catalina.connector.RequestFacade");
            Method getAllowTrace = clazz.getMethod("getAllowTrace", (Class[])null);
            ALLOW_TRACE = (Boolean)getAllowTrace.invoke(req, (Object[])null);
        } catch (NoSuchMethodException | SecurityException | IllegalAccessException | IllegalArgumentException | InvocationTargetException | ClassNotFoundException var14) {
        }

        for(int i = 0; i < methods.length; ++i) {
            Method m = methods[i];
            if (m.getName().equals("doGet")) {
                ALLOW_GET = true;
                ALLOW_HEAD = true;
            }

            if (m.getName().equals("doPost")) {
                ALLOW_POST = true;
            }

            if (m.getName().equals("doPut")) {
                ALLOW_PUT = true;
            }

            if (m.getName().equals("doDelete")) {
                ALLOW_DELETE = true;
            }
        }

        String allow = null;
        if (ALLOW_GET) {
            allow = "GET";
        }

        if (ALLOW_HEAD) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "HEAD";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", HEAD";
            }
        }

        if (ALLOW_POST) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "POST";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", POST";
            }
        }

        if (ALLOW_PUT) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "PUT";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", PUT";
            }
        }

        if (ALLOW_DELETE) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "DELETE";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", DELETE";
            }
        }

        if (ALLOW_TRACE) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "TRACE";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", TRACE";
            }
        }

        if (ALLOW_OPTIONS) {
            if (allow == null) {
                allow = "OPTIONS";
            } else {
                allow = allow + ", OPTIONS";
            }
        }

        resp.setHeader("Allow", allow);
    }

    protected void doTrace(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String CRLF = "\r\n";
        StringBuilder buffer = (new StringBuilder("TRACE ")).append(req.getRequestURI()).append(" ").append(req.getProtocol());
        Enumeration reqHeaderEnum = req.getHeaderNames();

        while(reqHeaderEnum.hasMoreElements()) {
            String headerName = (String)reqHeaderEnum.nextElement();
            buffer.append(CRLF).append(headerName).append(": ").append(req.getHeader(headerName));
        }

        buffer.append(CRLF);
        int responseLength = buffer.length();
        resp.setContentType("message/http");
        resp.setContentLength(responseLength);
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
        out.print(buffer.toString());
        out.close();
    }

    protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        String method = req.getMethod();
        long lastModified;
        if (method.equals("GET")) {
            lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
            if (lastModified == -1L) {
                this.doGet(req, resp);
            } else {
                long ifModifiedSince;
                try {
                    ifModifiedSince = req.getDateHeader("If-Modified-Since");
                } catch (IllegalArgumentException var9) {
                    ifModifiedSince = -1L;
                }

                if (ifModifiedSince < lastModified / 1000L * 1000L) {
                    this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
                    this.doGet(req, resp);
                } else {
                    resp.setStatus(304);
                }
            }
        } else if (method.equals("HEAD")) {
            lastModified = this.getLastModified(req);
            this.maybeSetLastModified(resp, lastModified);
            this.doHead(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("POST")) {
            this.doPost(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("PUT")) {
            this.doPut(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("DELETE")) {
            this.doDelete(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("OPTIONS")) {
            this.doOptions(req, resp);
        } else if (method.equals("TRACE")) {
            this.doTrace(req, resp);
        } else {
            String errMsg = lStrings.getString("http.method_not_implemented");
            Object[] errArgs = new Object[]{method};
            errMsg = MessageFormat.format(errMsg, errArgs);
            resp.sendError(501, errMsg);
        }

    }

    private void maybeSetLastModified(HttpServletResponse resp, long lastModified) {
        if (!resp.containsHeader("Last-Modified")) {
            if (lastModified >= 0L) {
                resp.setDateHeader("Last-Modified", lastModified);
            }

        }
    }

    public void service(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException {
        HttpServletRequest request;
        HttpServletResponse response;
        try {
            request = (HttpServletRequest)req;
            response = (HttpServletResponse)res;
        } catch (ClassCastException var6) {
            throw new ServletException(lStrings.getString("http.non_http"));
        }

        this.service(request, response);
    }

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