shell脚本--for循环

[root@server ~]# vim for1.sh

#!/bin/bash


read -p "请输入用户名：" username
read -p "请输入用户密码：" password

for ((i=1,i<=20;i++))
do      
        user=$username$i
        if id $user  &>  /dev/null
        then    
                echo "$user用户已存在"
        else    
                useradd $user
                if [ $? -eq 0 ]
                then    
                        echo "$password"  | passwd --stdin $user &> /dev/null
                else    
                        echo "用户创建失败"
                        exit
                fi      
        fi
done    

[root@server ~]# bash for1.sh
请输入用户名：liming
请输入用户密码：123456
[root@server ~]# tail -20 /etc/passwd
liming1:x:1001:1001::/home/liming1:/bin/bash
liming2:x:1002:1002::/home/liming2:/bin/bash
liming3:x:1003:1003::/home/liming3:/bin/bash
liming4:x:1004:1004::/home/liming4:/bin/bash
liming5:x:1005:1005::/home/liming5:/bin/bash
liming6:x:1006:1006::/home/liming6:/bin/bash
liming7:x:1007:1007::/home/liming7:/bin/bash
liming8:x:1008:1008::/home/liming8:/bin/bash
liming9:x:1009:1009::/home/liming9:/bin/bash
liming10:x:1010:1010::/home/liming10:/bin/bash
liming11:x:1011:1011::/home/liming11:/bin/bash
liming12:x:1012:1012::/home/liming12:/bin/bash
liming13:x:1013:1013::/home/liming13:/bin/bash
liming14:x:1014:1014::/home/liming14:/bin/bash
liming15:x:1015:1015::/home/liming15:/bin/bash
liming16:x:1016:1016::/home/liming16:/bin/bash
liming17:x:1017:1017::/home/liming17:/bin/bash
liming18:x:1018:1018::/home/liming18:/bin/bash
liming19:x:1019:1019::/home/liming19:/bin/bash
liming20:x:1020:1020::/home/liming20:/bin/bash

[root@server ~]# vim for2.sh
#!/bin/bash
read -p "请输入IP地址前三段：" IP

for ((i=128;i<=135;i++))
do
        ip="$IP"."$i"
        if ping -c 2 -w 3 $ip  &> /dev/null
        then
                echo "$ip is up" >> /tmp/host_up.txt
        else
                echo "$ip is down" >> /tmp/host_down.txt
        fi
done

echo "在线的主机："
cat /tmp/host_up.txt

echo "不在线的主机："
cat /tmp/host_down.txt

[root@server ~]# bash for2.sh
请输入IP地址前三段：192.168.253
在线的主机：
192.168.253.128 is up
192.168.253.129 is up
不在线的主机：
192.168.253.130 is down
192.168.253.131 is down
192.168.253.132 is down
192.168.253.133 is down
192.168.253.134 is down
192.168.253.135 is down

准备工作

（1）打开三台主机

（2）创建密钥对

[root@server ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa 
Generating public/private rsa key pair.
Enter file in which to save the key (/root/.ssh/id_rsa): 
Created directory '/root/.ssh'.
Enter passphrase (empty for no passphrase): 
Enter same passphrase again: 
Your identification has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa
Your public key has been saved in /root/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
The key fingerprint is:
SHA256:yiDwQ8GplsWfItHqou7kPXkXlwMl/SOfKPACSXcv5fQ root@server
The key's randomart image is:
+---[RSA 3072]----+
| .+.    .        |
| .o* . o =       |
|..B + o B o      |
|.O + + o + E     |
|o = + o S = o    |
|.. o + = = o     |
|o.  . + + .      |
|+ .o . .         |
|o+ .o .          |
+----[SHA256]-----+

（3）创建地址文件

[root@server ~]# vim ip.txt

192.168.253.129
192.168.253.129
192.168.253.130

（4）将公钥上传至目标主机

[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.253.129
[root@server ~]# ssh-copy-id root@192.168.253.130

（5）编写脚本for3.sh来修改root密码

[root@server ~]# vim for3.sh
#!/bin/bash
read -p "请输入密码：" password

for i in $(cat ip.txt)
do
        ssh $i "echo '$password'  | passwd --stdin root "
done

[root@server ~]# bash for3.sh 
请输入密码：1234567
更改用户 root 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。
更改用户 root 的密码 。
passwd：所有的身份验证令牌已经成功更新。