Spring MVC入门（HelloSpringMVC）

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-23 08:44:12 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2025-08-23 08:44:12 发布 · 94 阅读

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文章标签：

#spring #mvc #java

该文章介绍了SpringMVC的基本配置和一个简单的示例。通过添加依赖到pom.xml，配置web.xml以注册DispatcherServlet，并设置springmvc-servlet.xml来处理请求。控制器HelloController返回一个ModelAndView对象，包含消息HelloSpringMVC!，最终在hello.jsp页面展示。

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Spring MVC入门（HelloSpringMVC）

pom.xml

<dependencies>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.springframework/spring-webmvc -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.18</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/junit/junit -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.13.2</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.projectlombok/lombok -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jsp-api -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.0</version>
<!--            <scope>provided</scope>-->
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/javax.servlet/jstl -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>

    </dependencies>
    <!--    在build标签中配置resources，防止配置文件无法生效问题-->
    <build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!--    1.注册DispatcherServlet-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--        关联一个springmvc配置文件 springmvc-servlet.xml-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--        启动级别:1 -->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>

    <!--    / 匹配所有的请求：（不包括.jsp）-->
    <!--  /* 匹配所有的请求：（包括.jsp） -->
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

springmvc-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping"/>
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.SimpleControllerHandlerAdapter"/>

    <!--    视图解析器：DispatcherServlet给他的ModelAndView-->
    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <!--        前缀-->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <!--        后缀-->
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>

    <!--    Handler-->
    <bean id="/hello" class="com.czc.controller.HelloController"/>

</beans>

hello.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
    <title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
${msg}
</body>
</html>

controller

public class HelloController implements Controller {
    @Override
    public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
        //ModelAndView 模型和视图
        ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
        //封装对象，放在ModelAndView中。
        modelAndView.addObject("msg", "HelloSpringMVC!");
        //封装要跳转的视图，放在ModelAndView中。
        modelAndView.setViewName("hello");  //: /WEB-INF/jsp/hello.jsp
        return modelAndView;
    }
}