2024最新版Docker部署Django+MySQL+Redis+Nginx+uWSGI+Celery(超详细)

原创已于 2025-04-16 15:48:32 修改 · 2k 阅读

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文章标签：

#docker #django #mysql #redis

于 2024-07-08 14:09:38 首次发布

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一、知识储备

经过我们之前学习的Docker相关知识，现在我们来进行实战，以下介绍如何通过Docker Compose部署Django项目：

先前知识:

Docker学习笔记（一）概念理解-CSDN博客

Docker学习笔记（二）镜像、容器、仓库相关命令操作-CSDN博客

Docker学习笔记（三）Dockerfile-CSDN博客

Docker Compose | 菜鸟教程 (runoob.com)

二、项目目录结构说明

DjangoTest               ## 项目根路径
│  docker-compose.yml            # docker-compose文件
│  Dockerfile                    # 部署django项目的dockerfile
│  requirements.txt              # 项目必须要安装的文件 pip freeze > requirements.txt
│
├─nginx                      ## nginx容器配置文件
│  │  nginx.conf                 # /etc/nginx/nginx.conf配置文件
│  │
│  └─conf                        # /etc/nginx/conf.d配置nginx文件夹
│          default.conf
│
└─djangoProject2                        ## 部署django项目的web容器
    │  manage.py
    │  uwsgi.ini                 # django项目的uwsgi配置文件 
    │
    ├─app01
    │  │  admin.py
    │  │  apps.py
    │  │  models.py
    │  │  tasks.py               # 配置celery任务文件
    │  │  tests.py
    │  │  urls.py
    │  │  views.py
    │  │  __init__.py
    │  │
    │  ├─migrations
    │  │      __init__.py       
    │  
    │
    └─djangoProject2
            celery.py           # celery配置文件
            settings.py
            urls.py
            wsgi.py
            __init__.py

三、项目文件说明

1.docker-compose.yml文件

version: '3'

services:
  mysql:
    image: mysql:8.0
    volumes:
      - ./mysql:/var/lib/mysql
    expose:
      - "3306"
    restart: always
    environment:
      - MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=543720aini    #mqsql服务器root密码
      - MYSQL_DATABASE=test   #数据库名
      - MYSQL_USER=test    #用户
      - MYSQL_PASSWORD=543720aini  #数据库密码

  nginx:
    image: nginx:alpine
    volumes:
      - ./nginx/nginx.conf:/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
      - ./nginx/conf:/etc/nginx/conf.d
    ports:
      - "80:80"
    depends_on:
      - web

  redis:
    image: redis:alpine
    expose:
      - "6379"
    restart: always

  web:
    build: .
    ports:
       - "8000:8000"   #主机端口和容器端口映射，要和下面的uwsgi.ini文件中的socket保持一致
    command: ./start.sh
    working_dir: /code/djangoProject2
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    expose:
      - "8000"
    depends_on:
      - mysql
      - redis

  celery:
    build: .
    command: celery -A djangoProject2 worker -l info
    working_dir: /code/djangoProject2
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    depends_on:
      - mysql
      - redis

  celery-beat:
    build: .
    command: celery -A djangoProject2 beat -l info  # 新增的服务，用于启动Celery Beat
    working_dir: /code/djangoProject2
    volumes:
      - .:/code
    depends_on:
      - mysql
      - redis

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\start.sh

#!/bin/bash
python manage.py makemigrations
python manage.py migrate
python manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000  #端口要和上面的web中的配置一样
uwsgi --ini uwsgi.ini

2.web向配置文件

Dockerfile

FROM python:3.7
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
RUN mkdir /code
WORKDIR /code
ADD requirements.txt /code/
RUN pip install -r requirements.txt -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple && apt-get update && apt-get install -y uwsgi uwsgi-plugin-python3

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\uwsgi.ini

[uwsgi]
socket=:8000   #和docker-compose.yml文件中的web下暴露的端口一样
chdir=/code/djangoProject2
module=djangoProject2.wsgi:application
pidfile=/tmp/web-master.pid
master=True
vacuum=True
processes=1
max-requests=5000
post-buffering=8192

3.nginx容器相关配置文件

DjangoTest\nginx\nginx.conf

user  nginx;
worker_processes  1;

error_log  /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid        /var/run/nginx.pid;


events {
    worker_connections  1024;
}


http {
    include       /etc/nginx/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;

    log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
                      '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
                      '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

    access_log  /var/log/nginx/access.log  main;

    sendfile        on;
    #tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  65;

    #gzip  on;

    include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}

DjangoTest\nginx\conf\default.conf

server {
    listen                  80;
    server_name             xxxx;  #换成自己服务器的ip或域名（我用的是阿里云服务器，我这里配置的是阿里云的公网ip
    charset                 utf-8;
    client_max_body_size    10M;

    location /static/ {
        alias   /django_static/;
    }

    location / {
        include     uwsgi_params;
	proxy_pass  http://web:8000; # 代理的端口
        proxy_pass_header Server;
        proxy_set_header  Host $host;
        proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
        proxy_set_header  X-Scheme $scheme;
    }
}

4.celery配置文件

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\djangoProject2\celery.py

import os
from celery import Celery
from django.conf import settings

# 只要是想在自己的脚本中访问Django的数据库等文件就必须配置Django的环境变量
os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'djangoProject2.settings')

# app名字
app = Celery('djnagoProject2')
app.conf.timezone = 'Asia/Shanghai'
app.conf.enable_utc = False

# 配置celery
class Config:
    BROKER_URL = 'redis://redis:6379/1'
    CELERY_RESULT_BACKEND = 'redis://redis:6379/2'



app.config_from_object(Config)
# 到各个APP里自动发现tasks.py文件
app.autodiscover_tasks(lambda: settings.INSTALLED_APPS)

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\djangoProject2\__init__.py

# This will make sure the app is always imported when
# Django starts so that shared_task will use this app.
from djangoProject2.celery import app as celery_app

__all__ = ['celery_app']

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\app01\tasks.py

# Create your tasks here
import datetime

from celery.schedules import crontab
from celery.task import periodic_task
from django.db import transaction
from djangoProject2.celery import app

from .models import Worker


@periodic_task(run_every=crontab(minute="0",hour="0",day_of_week="1"))
def create_worker():
    now_time = datetime.datetime.now()
    with transaction.atomic():
        Worker.objects.create(name=str(now_time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")), age=int(now_time.second))


@app.task
def update_worker():
    now_time = datetime.datetime.now()
    with transaction.atomic():
        Worker.objects.update(age=int(now_time.second))

5.settings配置文件

修改配置文件相关信息

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ["*"]

#如果涉及跨域，则需要进行其他的配置，在这里不阐述
...


INSTALLED_APPS = [
    ...
    'django_celery_results',   
    'django_celery_beat',
    'app01'
]


#Celery相关配置
CELERY_BEAT_SCHEDULER = 'django_celery_beat.schedulers.DatabaseScheduler'  # 使用数据库调度器



#下面的配置和docker-compose.yml中的mysql下的environment配置一致
DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
        'NAME': "test",
        "USER": "root",
        "PASSWORD": "543720aini",
        "HOST": "localhost",
        "PORT": "3306",
    }
}

6.初始化一个Django项目

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\djangoProject2\urls.py

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('app01/', include(('app01.urls', 'app01'), namespace='app01'))
]

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\app01\urls.py

from django.urls import path
from app01 import views
urlpatterns = [
    path('index', views.index, name='index')
]

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\app01\views.py

from django.http import HttpResponse
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from django.urls import resolve, reverse

from app01.tasks import update_worker


# Create your views here.
def index(request):
    update_worker.delay()
    return HttpResponse("Hello Docker")

DjangoTest\djangoProject2\app01\models.py

from django.db import models


# Create your models here.
class Worker(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField("名字", max_length=64, default="")
    age = models.IntegerField("年龄")

    class Meta:
        verbose_name = "劳动者"

四、使用 Compose 命令构建和运行您的应用

在DjangoTest目录下运行docker-compose up命令，看到如下图所示，则说明部署成功：

五、访问刚刚部署的应用

路由是你在DjangoTest\nginx\conf\default.conf中配置的service_name,端口是docker-compose.yml文件中web的port,如http://xxxx:8000/app01/index