Python基础：列表和元组-CSDN博客

本文详细介绍了Python编程中列表和元组的基本操作，包括下标访问、函数应用、条件判断、增删改查、遍历、嵌套及随机分配。还探讨了元组的定义和查找方法，展示了不可变特性。通过实例代码，帮助读者深入理解这两种数据结构。

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Python基础：列表和元组

一、列表

1、下标

new_list = ['A', 'B', 'C']
print(new_list)
print(new_list[0])
print(new_list[1])
print(new_list[2])

2、函数

new_list = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A']
print(new_list.index('B'))
# print(new_list.index('D'))  # 报错
print(new_list.count('A'))
print(len(new_list))

3、判断

new_list = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A']
print('A' in new_list)
print('A' not in new_list)

4、增加/删除

new_list = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A']
new_list.append([1, 2])
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', [1, 2]]
new_list.extend('EF')
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', [1, 2], 'E', 'F']
new_list.extend(['ab', 'cd'])
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'C', 'A', [1, 2], 'E', 'F', 'ab', 'cd']
new_list.insert(2, 'Q')
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'Q', 'C', 'A', [1, 2], 'E', 'F', 'ab', 'cd']
del new_list[5]
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'Q', 'C', 'A', 'E', 'F', 'ab', 'cd']
new_list.pop()
print(new_list)  # ['A', 'B', 'Q', 'C', 'A', 'E', 'F', 'ab']
new_list.remove('A')
print(new_list)  # ['B', 'Q', 'C', 'A', 'E', 'F', 'ab']
new_list.clear()
print(new_list)  # []

5、修改

new_list = [1, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3]
new_list[0] = 6
print(new_list)  # [6, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3]
new_list.reverse()
print(new_list)  # [3, 7, 4, 2, 5, 6]
new_list.sort()
print(new_list)  # [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7]
new_list.sort(reverse=True)
print(new_list)  # [7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2]

6、复制

new_list = [1, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3]
cp_list = new_list.copy()
print(cp_list)  # [1, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3]

7、遍历

new_list = [1, 5, 2, 4, 7, 3]
for i in new_list:
    print(i)

8、列表嵌套

new_list = [[1, 2], [3, 4], [5, 6]]
for i in new_list:
    print(i)
    for j in i:
        print(j)

随机分配

import random
chara = ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f', 'g', 'h']
assign = [[], [], []]
for name in chara:
    rdnum = random.randint(0, 2)
    assign[rdnum].append(name)
print(assign)

二、元组：数据不可修改

1、定义

tuple1 = (1, 2, 3)
tuple2 = (1, )  # 单数据元组需要加逗号
print(type(tuple2))

2、查找

tuple1 = ('aa', 'bb', 'cc', 'aa')
print(tuple1.index('bb'))
print(tuple1.count('aa'))
print(len(tuple1))