【函数解析】腐蚀与膨胀操作 skimage.morphology.dilation / erosion_from skimage.morphology import dilation, erosion, -CSDN博客

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42735631/article/details/147592162

腐蚀

腐蚀的效果是把图片变瘦，其原理是在原图的小区域内取局部最小值。用kernel遍历原图的所有像素，每遍历一次就将对应位置的像素点更改为kernel中的最小值。

膨胀

腐蚀的效果是把图片变胖，其原理是在原图的小区域内取局部最大值。用kernel遍历原图的所有像素，每遍历一次就将对应位置的像素点更改为kernel中的最大值。

在这里插入图片描述

函数解析

`skimage.morphology.dilation`解析：

def dilation(image, footprint=None, out=None, shift_x=False, shift_y=False):
    """Return grayscale morphological dilation of an image.

    Morphological dilation sets the value of a pixel to the maximum over all
    pixel values within a local neighborhood centered about it. The values
    where the footprint is 1 define this neighborhood.
    Dilation enlarges bright regions and shrinks dark regions.

    Parameters
    ----------
    image : ndarray
        Image array.
    footprint : ndarray or tuple, optional
        The neighborhood expressed as a 2-D array of 1's and 0's.
        If None, use a cross-shaped footprint (connectivity=1). The footprint
        can also be provided as a sequence of smaller footprints as described
        in the notes below.
    out : ndarray, optional
        The array to store the result of the morphology. If None is
        passed, a new array will be allocated.
    shift_x, shift_y : bool, optional
        Shift footprint about center point. This only affects 2D
        eccentric footprints (i.e., footprints with even-numbered
        sides).

    Returns
    -------
    dilated : uint8 array, same shape and type as `image`
        The result of the morphological dilation.

    Notes
    -----
    For `uint8` (and `uint16` up to a certain bit-depth) data, the lower
    algorithm complexity makes the `skimage.filters.rank.maximum` function more
    efficient for larger images and footprints.

    The footprint can also be a provided as a sequence of 2-tuples where the
    first element of each 2-tuple is a footprint ndarray and the second element
    is an integer describing the number of times it should be iterated. For
    example ``footprint=[(np.ones((9, 1)), 1), (np.ones((1, 9)), 1)]``
    would apply a 9x1 footprint followed by a 1x9 footprint resulting in a net
    effect that is the same as ``footprint=np.ones((9, 9))``, but with lower
    computational cost. Most of the builtin footprints such as
    ``skimage.morphology.disk`` provide an option to automatically generate a
    footprint sequence of this type.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> # Dilation enlarges bright regions
    >>> import numpy as np
    >>> from skimage.morphology import square
    >>> bright_pixel = np.array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
    ...                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
    ...                          [0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
    ...                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
    ...                          [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=np.uint8)
    >>> dilation(bright_pixel, square(3))
    array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=uint8)

    """

参数：

image：输入图像
footprint：kernel大小

例子：

import SimpleITK as sitk
import os
import numpy as np
from skimage.morphology import dilation, square, erosion
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2


def adjust_window(image, window_level=35, window_width=85):
    # 计算窗宽和窗位的最小和最大值
    min_value = window_level - window_width // 2
    max_value = window_level + window_width // 2

    # 将图像裁剪到指定的窗宽范围内
    windowed_image = np.clip(image, min_value, max_value)

    # 归一化图像到0-255范围
    windowed_image = ((windowed_image - min_value) / (max_value - min_value) * 255).astype(np.uint8)

    return windowed_image


ich_mask_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d-ich_pred.nii.gz"
img_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d.nii.gz"
edema_mask_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d-edema_pred.nii.gz"
ich_mask = sitk.ReadImage(ich_mask_path)
ich_mask_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(ich_mask)
ich_mask_array = np.where(ich_mask_array > 0, 1, 0)
img = sitk.ReadImage(img_path)
img_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(img)
img_array = adjust_window(img_array)
edema_mask = sitk.ReadImage(edema_mask_path)
edema_mask_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(edema_mask)
edema_mask_array = np.where(ich_mask_array > 0, 0, edema_mask_array)

slice_idx = 26
img = img_array[slice_idx, :, :]
ich = ich_mask_array[slice_idx, :, :]
edema = edema_mask_array[slice_idx, :, :]

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
plt.subplot(1, 3, 1)
plt.title("Original image")
plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])

plt.subplot(1, 3, 2)
plt.title("ICH Mask")
plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
ich_rgb = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
ich_rgb[ich > 0] = [255, 0, 0]
edema_rgb = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
edema_rgb[edema > 0] = [0, 255, 0]
plt.imshow(ich_rgb, alpha=0.2)
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])

pixels = 9
dilation_size = 2 * pixels + 1
kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (dilation_size, dilation_size))
plt.subplot(1, 3, 3)
plt.title(f"ICH Dilated Mask")
# 膨胀操作
ich_dilated = dilation(ich, square(dilation_size))
ich_rgb_dilated = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
ich_rgb_dilated[ich_dilated > 0] = [255, 0, 0]
edema_rgb_dilated = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
edema_rgb_dilated[edema > 0] = [0, 255, 0]

plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.imshow(ich_rgb_dilated, alpha=0.2)
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])
plt.show()

在这里插入图片描述

`skimage.morphology.erosion`解析

def erosion(image, footprint=None, out=None, shift_x=False, shift_y=False):
    """Return grayscale morphological erosion of an image.

    Morphological erosion sets a pixel at (i,j) to the minimum over all pixels
    in the neighborhood centered at (i,j). Erosion shrinks bright regions and
    enlarges dark regions.

    Parameters
    ----------
    image : ndarray
        Image array.
    footprint : ndarray or tuple, optional
        The neighborhood expressed as a 2-D array of 1's and 0's.
        If None, use a cross-shaped footprint (connectivity=1). The footprint
        can also be provided as a sequence of smaller footprints as described
        in the notes below.
    out : ndarrays, optional
        The array to store the result of the morphology. If None is
        passed, a new array will be allocated.
    shift_x, shift_y : bool, optional
        shift footprint about center point. This only affects
        eccentric footprints (i.e. footprint with even numbered
        sides).

    Returns
    -------
    eroded : array, same shape as `image`
        The result of the morphological erosion.

    Notes
    -----
    For ``uint8`` (and ``uint16`` up to a certain bit-depth) data, the
    lower algorithm complexity makes the `skimage.filters.rank.minimum`
    function more efficient for larger images and footprints.

    The footprint can also be a provided as a sequence of 2-tuples where the
    first element of each 2-tuple is a footprint ndarray and the second element
    is an integer describing the number of times it should be iterated. For
    example ``footprint=[(np.ones((9, 1)), 1), (np.ones((1, 9)), 1)]``
    would apply a 9x1 footprint followed by a 1x9 footprint resulting in a net
    effect that is the same as ``footprint=np.ones((9, 9))``, but with lower
    computational cost. Most of the builtin footprints such as
    ``skimage.morphology.disk`` provide an option to automatically generate a
    footprint sequence of this type.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> # Erosion shrinks bright regions
    >>> import numpy as np
    >>> from skimage.morphology import square
    >>> bright_square = np.array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
    ...                           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
    ...                           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
    ...                           [0, 1, 1, 1, 0],
    ...                           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=np.uint8)
    >>> erosion(bright_square, square(3))
    array([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
           [0, 0, 1, 0, 0],
           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0],
           [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=uint8)

    """

参数：

image：输入图像
footprint：kernel大小

例子：

import SimpleITK as sitk
import os
import numpy as np
from skimage.morphology import dilation, square, erosion
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2


def adjust_window(image, window_level=35, window_width=85):
    # 计算窗宽和窗位的最小和最大值
    min_value = window_level - window_width // 2
    max_value = window_level + window_width // 2

    # 将图像裁剪到指定的窗宽范围内
    windowed_image = np.clip(image, min_value, max_value)

    # 归一化图像到0-255范围
    windowed_image = ((windowed_image - min_value) / (max_value - min_value) * 255).astype(np.uint8)

    return windowed_image


ich_mask_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d-ich_pred.nii.gz"
img_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d.nii.gz"
edema_mask_path = r"C:\Users\CodeCat\Desktop\server_test\ID_c9d6fdc6_ID_7f09be285d-edema_pred.nii.gz"
ich_mask = sitk.ReadImage(ich_mask_path)
ich_mask_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(ich_mask)
ich_mask_array = np.where(ich_mask_array > 0, 1, 0)
img = sitk.ReadImage(img_path)
img_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(img)
img_array = adjust_window(img_array)
edema_mask = sitk.ReadImage(edema_mask_path)
edema_mask_array = sitk.GetArrayFromImage(edema_mask)
edema_mask_array = np.where(ich_mask_array > 0, 0, edema_mask_array)

slice_idx = 26
img = img_array[slice_idx, :, :]
ich = ich_mask_array[slice_idx, :, :]
edema = edema_mask_array[slice_idx, :, :]

plt.figure(figsize=(15, 5))
plt.subplot(1, 3, 1)
plt.title("Original image")
plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])

plt.subplot(1, 3, 2)
plt.title("ICH Mask")
plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
ich_rgb = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
ich_rgb[ich > 0] = [255, 0, 0]
edema_rgb = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
edema_rgb[edema > 0] = [0, 255, 0]
plt.imshow(ich_rgb, alpha=0.2)
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])

pixels = 9
dilation_size = 2 * pixels + 1
kernel = cv2.getStructuringElement(cv2.MORPH_RECT, (dilation_size, dilation_size))
plt.subplot(1, 3, 3)
plt.title(f"ICH Erosion Mask")
# 腐蚀操作
ich_dilated = erosion(ich, square(dilation_size))
ich_rgb_dilated = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
ich_rgb_dilated[ich_dilated > 0] = [255, 0, 0]
edema_rgb_dilated = np.zeros((img_array.shape[1], img_array.shape[2], 3))
edema_rgb_dilated[edema > 0] = [0, 255, 0]

plt.imshow(img, cmap='gray')
plt.imshow(ich_rgb_dilated, alpha=0.2)
plt.xticks([])
plt.yticks([])
plt.show()