七、小白如何用Pygame制作一款跑酷类游戏（碰撞检测）

七、小白如何用Pygame制作一款跑酷类游戏（碰撞检测）

前言

本篇文章主要介绍主角人物与障碍物和金币之间的碰撞检测，在设计过程中对于障碍物只是选择了其1/3的部分与主角的全面部分进行碰撞检测。对于金币则是金币图片的整个矩形框与主角矩形框之间的碰撞检测。

一、金币碰撞音效和障碍物碰撞受伤音效的添加

二、代码部分

1.障碍物碰撞

为了降低游戏难度，选择图片的中间三分之一部分与主角进行碰撞检测

 #计算中间三分之一的起始 x 坐标和宽度
                start_x = arect.width // 3
                middle_third_width = arect.width // 3
                # 提取中间三分之一区域
                middle_third_rect = (start_x, 0, middle_third_width, arect.height)
                middle_third_surface = a.subsurface(middle_third_rect)
                mrect=middle_third_surface.get_rect()
                mrect.topleft=(arect.left+arect.width//3,arect.top)
                if mrect.colliderect(myself.rect):
                    injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('music/injure1.mp3')
                    pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)
                    myself.life-=1
                    barrier[i]=1
                else:
                   screen.blit(a, arect)

2.金币碰撞

代码如下：

 #及时从金币精灵族移除不需要的金币精灵
        for goldsprite in goldGroup:
            # 人与金币碰撞检测 发生碰撞之后 金币增加

            if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(goldsprite, myself):
                    # 响一下音效
                    nosun = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/gold.mp3')
                    pygame.mixer.Sound.play(nosun)
                    goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)

            if goldsprite.rect.right<=0:
                goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)

3.runner_main的全部代码

import pygame

from Gold import Gold
import random
from Myself import Myself
import os


pygame.init()
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((1080, 600))
pygame.display.set_caption('跑酷游戏')
#背景图
bg_image_path1 = 'material/image/background4.jpg'
bg_img_obj1 = pygame.image.load(bg_image_path1).convert_alpha()
#道路图
road_image_path= 'material/image/road1.png'
road_img_obj=pygame.image.load(road_image_path).convert_alpha()
#距离图
km_image_path= 'material/image/km.png'
km_img_obj=pygame.image.load(km_image_path).convert_alpha()
#按键图
keyUp_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardUpUp.png'
keyUp_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyUp_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyLeft_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardLEFT.png'
keyLeft_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyLeft_image_path).convert_alpha()
keyDown_image_path= 'material/image/keyboardDown.png'
keyDown_img_obj=pygame.image.load(keyDown_image_path).convert_alpha()
font_path = 'material/ziti/AlimamaFangYuanTiVF-Thin-2.ttf'  # 例如 'SimSun.ttf'
chinese_font = pygame.font.Font(font_path, 30)
text_surface = chinese_font.render('跳跃', True, (0, 0, 255))
text1_surface = chinese_font.render('疾跑', True, (0, 0, 255))
text2_surface = chinese_font.render('滑行', True, (0, 0, 255))
#创建两个存放障碍图片对象的数组
#存放向上的
uplist=[]
#存放向下的
downlist=[]
upadress=['up1.png','up2.png','up3.png','up4.png']
downadress=['platform1.png','platform2.png','platform3.png','platform4.png','platform5.png']
#根据图像的位置加入到相应的数组当中
for i in range(len(downadress)):
         stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+downadress[i]
         stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()
         downlist.append(stone_img_obj)
for i in range(len(upadress)):
         stone_image_path= 'material/image/stone/'+upadress[i]
         stone_img_obj=pygame.image.load(stone_image_path).convert_alpha()
         uplist.append(stone_img_obj)
#因为金币不唯一，所以创建一个精灵族来存放所有的金币精灵
goldGroup = pygame.sprite.Group()
barriarMargin=290
def init():
    fps = 60
    running = True
    index = 0
    left = 0
    right = 1080
    margin = 3
    myself = Myself()
    pygame.mixer.music.load(os.path.join('material/music', 'bgm1.mp3'))
    pygame.mixer.music.play(-1)
    km = '0'
    #标志位是否暂停
    isPause = False
    barrier = []
    while running:
        # 获取键盘的按下事件，与抬起不同
        keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                running = False
            #空格键作为暂停键 当空格键抬起时触发暂停动作
            #如果当前是运动状态，抬起空格变为暂停
            #如果当前是暂停状态，抬起空格变为运动
            elif event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
                if not isPause:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                        isPause = True
                else:
                    if event.key == pygame.K_SPACE:
                        isPause = False
        #暂停状态下，道路不会向左滑动
        if isPause:
            margin=0
        else:
            margin=3

        #通过提升道路的滑动效果体现出疾跑的效果
        if keys[pygame.K_RIGHT]:
            margin=8
        screen.blit(bg_img_obj1, (0, 0))
        screen.blit(road_img_obj, (left, 465))
        screen.blit(road_img_obj, (right, 465))
        #键位介绍
        screen.blit(keyUp_img_obj, (900, 5))
        screen.blit(text_surface, (980, 23))
        screen.blit(keyLeft_img_obj, (900, 70))
        screen.blit(text1_surface, (980, 88))
        screen.blit(keyDown_img_obj, (900, 135))
        screen.blit(text2_surface, (980, 148))
        if left<=-1080:
            left=left+2160
        if right<=-1080:
            right=right+2160
            #计划在右半边的时候加入静态的障碍，所以要在某一时刻确定要加入的对象
            #于是在当右半边移动到左边尽头的时候确定下来接下来的对象
            #这里采用随机数的方法
            barrier = []
            for i in range(0,4):
                random_number = random.randint(1, 15)
                if 10 <= random_number <= 15:
                        gold1=Gold()
                        gold2=Gold()
                        gold3=Gold()
                        gold1.loc=i*barriarMargin
                        gold2.loc=i*barriarMargin+1*70
                        gold3.loc=i*barriarMargin+2*70
                        goldGroup.add(gold1)
                        goldGroup.add(gold2)
                        goldGroup.add(gold3)
                        barrier.append(1)
                elif random_number == 1:
                    barrier.append(2)
                elif random_number == 2:
                    barrier.append(3)
                elif random_number == 3:
                    barrier.append(4)
                elif random_number == 4:
                    barrier.append(5)
                elif random_number == 5:
                    barrier.append(6)
                elif random_number == 6:
                    barrier.append(7)
                elif random_number == 7:
                    barrier.append(8)
                elif random_number == 8:
                    barrier.append(9)
                elif random_number == 9:
                    barrier.append(10)
        if -1080<right<1080:
            for sprite in goldGroup:
                sprite.rect.left=sprite.loc+right
            goldGroup.draw(screen)
            goldGroup.update(index)
            for i in range(len(barrier)):
                if barrier[i]==2:
                    a = uplist[0]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 465)
                elif barrier[i]==1:
                    continue
                elif barrier[i]==3:
                    a = uplist[1]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)
                elif barrier[i]==4:
                    a = uplist[2]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 455)
                elif barrier[i]==5:
                    a = uplist[3]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 460)
                elif barrier[i]==6:
                    a = downlist[0]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 330)
                elif barrier[i]==7:
                    a = downlist[1]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)
                elif barrier[i]==8:
                    a = downlist[2]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 365)
                elif barrier[i]==9:
                    a = downlist[3]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 350)
                elif barrier[i]==10:
                    a = downlist[4]
                    arect = a.get_rect()
                    arect.topleft = (right + i*barriarMargin, 210)
                start_x = arect.width // 3
                middle_third_width = arect.width // 3
                # 提取中间三分之一区域
                middle_third_rect = (start_x, 0, middle_third_width, arect.height)
                middle_third_surface = a.subsurface(middle_third_rect)
                mrect = middle_third_surface.get_rect()
                mrect.topleft = (arect.left + arect.width // 3, arect.top)
                if mrect.colliderect(myself.rect):
                    injure = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/injure1.mp3')
                    pygame.mixer.Sound.play(injure)
                    barrier[i] = 1
                else:
                    screen.blit(a, arect)


        #及时从金币精灵族移除不需要的金币精灵
        for goldsprite in goldGroup:
            # 人与金币碰撞检测 发生碰撞之后 金币增加

            if pygame.sprite.collide_mask(goldsprite, myself):
                    # 响一下音效
                    nosun = pygame.mixer.Sound('material/music/gold.mp3')
                    pygame.mixer.Sound.play(nosun)
                    goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)

            if goldsprite.rect.right<=0:
                goldGroup.remove(goldsprite)



        # 暂停状态下，主角也要保持静止，也就是说主角直保持一个动作，因此要传递一个参数给主角精灵
        # 通过按下键盘的事件更改主角的状态，因此也需传递一个参数给主角来决定状态比如奔跑、跳跃以及滑行
        screen.blit(myself.image, myself.rect)
        myself.update(index,keys,isPause)

        screen.blit(km_img_obj, (10, 70))
        km_font = pygame.font.SysFont('arial', 30)
        km_num_surface = km_font.render(km, True, (0, 0, 255))
        screen.blit(km_num_surface, (80, 88))
        if index%6==0:
           km = str(int(km) + margin)
        index += 1
        pygame.display.update()
        clock.tick(fps)
        left -= margin
        right -= margin
if __name__=="__main__":
    init()

实现效果