Response 实现验证码及下载文件

最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 22:26:57 发布

原创最新推荐文章于 2024-10-11 22:26:57 发布 · 479 阅读

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#java #开发语言

这篇博客介绍了如何在Java Servlet中实现验证码的生成和文件的下载。首先，通过创建BufferedImage对象并利用Graphics2D进行绘图，生成随机数字的验证码图片。然后，设置响应头以防止浏览器缓存，并输出到HTTP响应。对于文件下载，通过指定Content-Disposition头触发浏览器以附件形式下载文件，读取文件内容并写入到ServletOutputStream中完成文件传输。

一、实现验证码

package com.lifeng.servlet;

import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Random;

public class ImageSevlet extends HttpServlet {
    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //设置浏览器刷新时间
        resp.setHeader("refresh","3");
        //内存中创建一个图片
        BufferedImage image= new BufferedImage(80,20,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);
        //得到图片
        Graphics2D g = (Graphics2D) image.getGraphics();//笔
        //设置图片的背景颜色
        g.setColor(Color.white);
        g.fillRect(0,0,80,20);
        //给图片写数据
        g.setColor(Color.BLUE);
        g.setFont(new Font( null,Font.BOLD,20));
        g.drawString(makeNum(),0,20);
        //告诉浏览器 用请求图片的方式打开
        resp.setContentType("image/ipeg");
        //网站存在缓存，不让浏览器缓存
        resp.setDateHeader("espires",-1);
        resp.setHeader("Cache-Control","no-cache");
        resp.setHeader("Pragma","no-cache");

        //把图片写给浏览器
        ImageIO.write(image,"jpg",resp.getOutputStream());





    }
    private String makeNum(){
        Random random = new Random();
        String num = random.nextInt(9999999)+"";
        StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();
        for(int i = 0;i<7-num.length();i++){
            sb.append("0");
        }
        num = sb.toString()+num;
        return num;
    }



    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}

二、下载文件

package com.lifeng.servlet;

import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletOutputStream;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.URLEncoder;

public class FileServlet extends HttpServlet {

    @Override
    protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        //获取下载文件的路径
        String realPath = "E:\\servlet01\\Response\\src\\main\\resources\\sevlet.png";
        //下下文件名叫啥
        String filename = realPath.substring(realPath.lastIndexOf("\\")+1);
        //设置想办法让浏览器能过支持（Content-Dispostion）下载我们需要的东西，中文名称采用该方式URLEncoder.encode

        resp.setHeader("Content-Dispostion","attachment;filename"+ URLEncoder.encode(filename,"UTF-8"));
        //获取文件下载输入流
        FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(realPath);
        int len = 0;
        byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
        //获取OutputStream对象
        
        ServletOutputStream out = resp.getOutputStream();
        //将OutputStream写入缓冲buffer缓冲区，使用OutputStream将缓冲区中的数据输出到客户端
        while((len=in.read(buffer))>0){
            out.write(buffer,0,len);

        }

        in.close();
        out.close();


    }

    @Override
    protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
        doGet(req, resp);
    }
}