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You've got an undirected graph, consisting of n vertices and m edges. We will consider the graph's vertices numbered with integers from 1 to n. Each vertex of the graph has a color. The color of the i...

Mr. Kitayuta's Colorful Graph time limit per test 1 second memory limit per test 256 megabytes input standard input output standard output Mr. Kitayuta has just bought an undirected graph con...

Iahub is a big fan of tourists. He wants to become a tourist himself, so he planned a trip. There are n destinations on a straight road that Iahub wants to visit. Iahub starts the excursion from kilom...

C. Ivan and Powers of Two time limit per test 0.5 seconds memory limit per test 256 megabytes input standard input output standard output Ivan has got an array of n non-negative integers a1, ...

As meticulous Gerald sets the table and caring Alexander sends the postcards, Sergey makes snowmen. Each showman should consist of three snowballs: a big one, a medium one and a small one. Sergey's tw...

There are n Imperial stormtroopers on the field. The battle field is a plane with Cartesian coordinate system. Each stormtrooper is associated with his coordinates (x, y) on this plane. Han Solo has ...

Petya loves lucky numbers. Everybody knows that lucky numbers are positive integers whose decimal representation contains only the lucky digits 4 and 7. For example, numbers 47, 744, 4 are lucky and 5...

Bitwise exclusive OR (or bitwise addition modulo two) is a binary operation which is equivalent to applying logical exclusive OR to every pair of bits located on the same positions in binary notation ...

Little penguin Polo loves his home village. The village has n houses, indexed by integers from 1 to n. Each house has a plaque containing an integer, the i-th house has a plaque containing integer pi ...

Little penguin Polo likes permutations. But most of all he likes permutations of integers from 0 to n, inclusive. For permutation p = p0, p1, ..., pn, Polo has defined its beauty — number . Expressi...

The number "zero" is called "love" (or "l'oeuf" to be precise, literally means "egg" in French), for example when denoting the zero score in a game of tennis. Aki is fond of numbers, especially those...