Linux内核.之 init文件，/init/main.c

想要熟悉内核，看下源码，就非常清晰
Linux内核，head.s，汇编启动cpu相关设置后，启动init文件里的，文件在内核的/init/main.c，看下main函数，做了哪些工作

// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
/*
 *  linux/init/main.c
 *
 *  Copyright (C) 1991, 1992  Linus Torvalds
 *
 *  GK 2/5/95  -  Changed to support mounting root fs via NFS
 *  Added initrd & change_root: Werner Almesberger & Hans Lermen, Feb '96
 *  Moan early if gcc is old, avoiding bogus kernels - Paul Gortmaker, May '96
 *  Simplified starting of init:  Michael A. Griffith <[email protected]>
 */

#define DEBUG		/* Enable initcall_debug */

#include <linux/types.h>
#include <linux/extable.h>
#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
#include <linux/binfmts.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/syscalls.h>
#include <linux/stackprotector.h>
#include <linux/string.h>
#include <linux/ctype.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/ioport.h>
#include <linux/init.h>
#include <linux/initrd.h>
#include <linux/memblock.h>
#include <linux/acpi.h>
#include <linux/bootconfig.h>
#include <linux/console.h>
#include <linux/nmi.h>
#include <linux/percpu.h>
#include <linux/kmod.h>
#include <linux/kprobes.h>
#include <linux/kmsan.h>
#include <linux/vmalloc.h>
#include <linux/kernel_stat.h>
#include <linux/start_kernel.h>
#include <linux/security.h>
#include <linux/smp.h>
#include <linux/profile.h>
#include <linux/kfence.h>
#include <linux/rcupdate.h>
#include <linux/srcu.h>
#include <linux/moduleparam.h>
#include <linux/kallsyms.h>
#include <linux/buildid.h>
#include <linux/writeback.h>
#include <linux/cpu.h>
#include <linux/cpuset.h>
#include <linux/cgroup.h>
#include <linux/efi.h>
#include <linux/tick.h>
#include <linux/sched/isolation.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/taskstats_kern.h>
#include <linux/delayacct.h>
#include <linux/unistd.h>
#include <linux/utsname.h>
#include <linux/rmap.h>
#include <linux/mempolicy.h>
#include <linux/key.h>
#include <linux/debug_locks.h>
#include <linux/debugobjects.h>
#include <linux/lockdep.h>
#include <linux/kmemleak.h>
#include <linux/padata.h>
#include <linux/pid_namespace.h>
#include <linux/device/driver.h>
#include <linux/kthread.h>
#include <linux/sched.h>
#include <linux/sched/init.h>
#include <linux/signal.h>
#include <linux/idr.h>
#include <linux/kgdb.h>
#include <linux/ftrace.h>
#include <linux/async.h>
#include <linux/shmem_fs.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/perf_event.h>
#include <linux/ptrace.h>
#include <linux/pti.h>
#include <linux/blkdev.h>
#include <linux/sched/clock.h>
#include <linux/sched/task.h>
#include <linux/sched/task_stack.h>
#include <linux/context_tracking.h>
#include <linux/random.h>
#include <linux/moduleloader.h>
#include <linux/list.h>
#include <linux/integrity.h>
#include <linux/proc_ns.h>
#include <linux/io.h>
#include <linux/cache.h>
#include <linux/rodata_test.h>
#include <linux/jump_label.h>
#include <linux/kcsan.h>
#include <linux/init_syscalls.h>
#include <linux/stackdepot.h>
#include <linux/randomize_kstack.h>
#include <net/net_namespace.h>

#include <asm/io.h>
#include <asm/setup.h>
#include <asm/sections.h>
#include <asm/cacheflush.h>

#define CREATE_TRACE_POINTS
#include <trace/events/initcall.h>

#include <kunit/test.h>

static int kernel_init(void *);

/*
 * Debug helper: via this flag we know that we are in 'early bootup code'
 * where only the boot processor is running with IRQ disabled.  This means
 * two things - IRQ must not be enabled before the flag is cleared and some
 * operations which are not allowed with IRQ disabled are allowed while the
 * flag is set.
 */
bool early_boot_irqs_disabled __read_mostly;

enum system_states system_state __read_mostly;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(system_state);

/*
 * Boot command-line arguments
 */
#define MAX_INIT_ARGS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT
#define MAX_INIT_ENVS CONFIG_INIT_ENV_ARG_LIMIT

/* Default late time init is NULL. archs can override this later. */
void (*__initdata late_time_init)(void);

/* Untouched command line saved by arch-specific code. */
char __initdata boot_command_line[COMMAND_LINE_SIZE];
/* Untouched saved command line (eg. for /proc) */
char *saved_command_line __ro_after_init;
unsigned int saved_command_line_len __ro_after_init;
/* Command line for parameter parsing */
static char *static_command_line;
/* Untouched extra command line */
static char *extra_command_line;
/* Extra init arguments */
static char *extra_init_args;

#ifdef CONFIG_BOOT_CONFIG
/* Is bootconfig on command line? */
static bool bootconfig_found;
static size_t initargs_offs;
#else
# define bootconfig_found false
# define initargs_offs 0
#endif

static char *execute_command;
static char *ramdisk_execute_command = "/init";

/*
 * Used to generate warnings if static_key manipulation functions are used
 * before jump_label_init is called.
 */
bool static_key_initialized __read_mostly;
EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(static_key_initialized);

/*
 * If set, this is an indication to the drivers that reset the underlying
 * device before going ahead with the initialization otherwise driver might
 * rely on the BIOS and skip the reset operation.
 *
 * This is useful if kernel is booting in an unreliable environment.
 * For ex. kdump situation where previous kernel has crashed, BIOS has been
 * skipped and devices will be in unknown state.
 */
unsigned int reset_devices;
EXPORT_SYMBOL(reset_devices);

static int __init set_reset_devices(char *str)
{
   
   
	reset_devices = 1;
	return 1;
}

__setup("reset_devices", set_reset_devices);

static const char *argv_init[MAX_INIT_ARGS+2] = {
   
    "init", NULL, };
const char *envp_init[MAX_INIT_ENVS+2] = {
   
    "HOME=/", "TERM=linux", NULL, };
static const char *panic_later, *panic_param;

static bool __init obsolete_checksetup(char *line)
{
   
   
	const struct obs_kernel_param *p;
	bool had_early_param = false;

	p = __setup_start;
	do {
   
   
		int n = strlen(p->str);
		if (parameqn(line, p->str, n)) {
   
   
			if (p->early) {
   
   
				/* Already done in parse_early_param?
				 * (Needs exact match on param part).
				 * Keep iterating, as we can have early
				 * params and __setups of same names 8( */
				if (line[n] == '\0' || line[n] == '=')
					had_early_param = true;
			} else if (!p->setup_func) {
   
   
				pr_warn("Parameter %s is obsolete, ignored\n",
					p->str);
				return true;
			} else if (p->setup_func(line + n))
				return true;
		}
		p++;
	} while (p < __setup_end);

	return had_early_param;
}

/*
 * This should be approx 2 Bo*oMips to start (note initial shift), and will
 * still work even if initially too large, it will just take slightly longer
 */
unsigned long loops_per_jiffy = (1<<12);
EXPORT_SYMBOL(loops_per_jiffy);

static int __init debug_kernel(char *str)
{
   
   
	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_DEBUG;
	return 0;
}

static int __init quiet_kernel(char *str)
{
   
   
	console_loglevel = CONSOLE_LOGLEVEL_QUIET;
	return 0;
}

early_param("debug", debug_kernel);
early_param("quiet", quiet_kernel);

static int __init loglevel(char *str)
{
   
   
	int newlevel;

	/*
	 * Only update loglevel value when a correct setting was passed,
	 * to prevent blind crashes (when loglevel being set to 0) that
	 * are quite hard to debug
	 */
	if (get_option(&str, &newlevel)) {
   
   
		console_loglevel = newlevel;
		return 0;
	}

	return -EINVAL;
}

early_param("loglevel", loglevel);

#ifdef CONFIG_BLK_DEV_INITRD
static void * __init get_boot_config_from_initrd(size_t *_size)
{
   
   
	u32 size, csum;
	char *data;
	u32 *hdr;
	int i;

	if (!initrd_end)
		return NULL;

	data = (char *)initrd_end - BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN;
	/*
	 * Since Grub may align the size of initrd to 4, we must
	 * check the preceding 3 bytes as well.
	 */
	for (i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
   
   
		if (!memcmp(data, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC, BOOTCONFIG_MAGIC_LEN))
			goto found;
		data--;
	}
	return NULL;

found:
	hdr = (u32 *)(data - 8);
	size = le32_to_cpu(hdr[0]);
	csum = le32_to_cpu(hdr[1]);

	data = ((void *)hdr) - size;
	if ((unsigned long)data < initrd_start) {
   
   
		pr_err("bootconfig size %d is greater than initrd size %ld\n",
			size, initrd_end - initrd_start);
		return NULL;
	}

	if (xbc_calc_checksum(data, size) != csum) {
   
   
		pr_err("bootconfig checksum failed\n");
		return NULL;
	}

	/* Remove bootconfig from initramfs/initrd */
	initrd_end = (unsigned long)data;
	if (_size)
		*_size