Android6.0 MediaServer(AudioFlinger,AudioPolicyService,MediaPlayerService,CameraService)

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本文解析了Android系统中CameraService的启动过程，从init.rc配置、mediaserver源码到CameraService类实现，最后到客户端如何连接CameraService。涉及关键步骤包括服务注册、HAL层加载及客户端连接。

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一：init.rc

文件位置：Android6.0/system/core/rootdir/init.rc

665 service media /system/bin/mediaserver                                                                           
666     class main
667     user media
668     group audio camera inet net_bt net_bt_admin net_bw_acct drmrpc mediadrm
669     ioprio rt 4

二：aidl

源码位置： android6.0/frameworks/base/core/java/android/hardware/ICameraService.aidl

二：mediaserver

源码位置：android6.0/frameworks/av/media/mediaserver/main_mediaserver.cpp

        if (doLog) {
            prctl(PR_SET_PDEATHSIG, SIGKILL);   // if parent media.log dies before me, kill me also
            setpgid(0, 0);                      // but if I die first, don't kill my parent
        }
        InitializeIcuOrDie();
        sp<ProcessState> proc(ProcessState::self());
        sp<IServiceManager> sm = defaultServiceManager();
        ALOGI("ServiceManager: %p", sm.get());
        AudioFlinger::instantiate();
        MediaPlayerService::instantiate();
        ResourceManagerService::instantiate();
        CameraService::instantiate();//启动Camera Service服务
        AudioPolicyService::instantiate();
        SoundTriggerHwService::instantiate();
        RadioService::instantiate();
        registerExtensions();
        ProcessState::self()->startThreadPool();
        IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool();

三：CameraService类

源码位置：android6.0/frameworks/av/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp

class CameraService :
    public BinderService<CameraService>, //模板类 主要是封装了将Binder 添加到ServiceManager进程中
    public virtual ::android::hardware::BnCameraService, // ICameraService的服务端需要继承BnCameraService(native binder的写法)
    public virtual IBinder::DeathRecipient,  //Binder死亡监听  监听客户端进程的死亡情况
    public virtual CameraProviderManager::StatusListener{}


// CameraService::instantiate(); 调用这里的instantiate()  主要是向sm注册了ICameraService的服务端binder
template<typename SERVICE>
class BinderService
{
public:
    static status_t publish(bool allowIsolated = false,int dumpFlags = IServiceManager::DUMP_FLAG_PRIORITY_DEFAULT) {
        sp<IServiceManager> sm(defaultServiceManager());
        // 这里就是向sm进程中注册Binder  这里的Binder的名称是 "media.camera"
        return sm->addService(String16(SERVICE::getServiceName()), new SERVICE(), allowIsolated,dumpFlags);
    }
    static void publishAndJoinThreadPool(bool allowIsolated = false,int dumpFlags = IServiceManager::DUMP_FLAG_PRIORITY_DEFAULT) {
        publish(allowIsolated, dumpFlags);
        joinThreadPool();
    }
    static void instantiate() { publish(); }
    static status_t shutdown() { return NO_ERROR; }
private:
    static void joinThreadPool() {
        sp<ProcessState> ps(ProcessState::self());
        ps->startThreadPool();
        ps->giveThreadPoolName();
        IPCThreadState::self()->joinThreadPool();
    }
};

上面的new Service()会调用CameraService的构造函数。CameraService继承BnCameraService（这个是AIDL--cpp生成的代码）所以CameraService.cpp是ICameraService.adil的IPC机制的服务端。构造函数如下：

static CameraService *gCameraService;
CameraService::CameraService() : mEventLog(DEFAULT_EVENT_LOG_LENGTH), mAllowedUsers(),
        mSoundRef(0), mModule(0), mFlashlight(0) {
    ALOGI("CameraService started (pid=%d)", getpid());
    gCameraService = this;

    this->camera_device_status_change = android::camera_device_status_change;
    this->torch_mode_status_change = android::torch_mode_status_change;

    mServiceLockWrapper = std::make_shared<WaitableMutexWrapper>(&mServiceLock);
}

构造函数执行完成之后，sm里面注册了该服务的binder。然后因为CamerService继承了RefBase所以CamerService对象在第一次被创建的时候会调用到onFirstRef()函数。

四：CameraService::onFirstRef

源码位置：android6.0/frameworks/av/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp

void CameraService::onFirstRef()
{
    ALOGI("CameraService process starting");

    BnCameraService::onFirstRef();

    // Update battery life tracking if service is restarting
    BatteryNotifier& notifier(BatteryNotifier::getInstance());
    notifier.noteResetCamera();
    notifier.noteResetFlashlight();

    camera_module_t *rawModule;
    int err = hw_get_module(CAMERA_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,
            (const hw_module_t **)&rawModule);
    if (err < 0) {
        ALOGE("Could not load camera HAL module: %d (%s)", err, strerror(-err));
        logServiceError("Could not load camera HAL module", err);
        mNumberOfCameras = 0;
        mNumberOfNormalCameras = 0;
        return;
    }

    mModule = new CameraModule(rawModule);
    err = mModule->init();
    if (err != OK) {
        ALOGE("Could not initialize camera HAL module: %d (%s)", err,
            strerror(-err));
        logServiceError("Could not initialize camera HAL module", err);

        mNumberOfCameras = 0;
        delete mModule;
        mModule = nullptr;
        return;
    }
    ALOGI("Loaded \"%s\" camera module", mModule->getModuleName());

    mNumberOfCameras = mModule->getNumberOfCameras();
    mNumberOfNormalCameras = mNumberOfCameras;

hw_get_module(CAMERA_HARDWARE_MODULE_ID,(const hw_module_t **)&rawModule);函数加载Android hal层库函数，libcamera。new CameraModule(rawModule)，mModule->init()会执行android hal函数，扫描加载的摄像头信息。

参考：Android Camera Hal

五：客户端连接CameraService

1.CameraService::connectDevice

android6.0/frameworks/av/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.cpp

status_t CameraService::connectDevice(
        const sp<ICameraDeviceCallbacks>& cameraCb,
        int cameraId,
        const String16& clientPackageName,
        int clientUid,
        /*out*/
        sp<ICameraDeviceUser>& device) {

    ATRACE_CALL();
    status_t ret = NO_ERROR;
    String8 id = String8::format("%d", cameraId);
    sp<CameraDeviceClient> client = nullptr;
    ret = connectHelper<ICameraDeviceCallbacks,CameraDeviceClient>(cameraCb, id,
            CAMERA_HAL_API_VERSION_UNSPECIFIED, clientPackageName, clientUid, API_2, false, false,
            /*out*/client);

    if(ret != NO_ERROR) {
        logRejected(id, getCallingPid(), String8(clientPackageName),
                String8::format("%s (%d)", strerror(-ret), ret));
        return ret;
    }

    device = client;
    return NO_ERROR;
}

2.CameraService::connectHelper

android6.0/frameworks/av/services/camera/libcameraservice/CameraService.h

主要执行功能。获取互斥锁，验证权限，验证优先级，

参考资源：

Android 多进程同时打开相机 - 代码先锋网 (codeleading.com)

(43条消息) Android源码分析--MediaServer源码分析（一）_Joe_c 的专栏-CSDN博客

(43条消息) Camera应用在调试中遇到的一些问题_飞翔大企鹅的专栏-CSDN博客

Camera2 CameraService 启动_yaoming168的专栏-CSDN博客

CameraService启动流程分析 - 简书 (jianshu.com)