本文介绍了如何利用haproxy和keepalived搭建高可用的负载均衡解决方案。haproxy作为反向代理服务器，提供双机热备和服务器健康检查功能，当后端服务器故障时，能自动进行故障转移。新版本的haproxy引入了frontend和backend概念，允许通过HTTP请求头内容进行路由规则匹配。
haproxy+keepalived实现高可用负载均衡
我的环境：
haproxy keepalived 主：192.168.1.192
haproxy keepalived 备：192.168.1.193
vip：192.168.1.200
web：192.168.1.187:80 192.168.1.187:8000
一：安装过程，在192.168.1.192上：
keepalived的安装:
#tar -zxvf keepalived-1.1.17.tar.gz
#ln -s /usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-128.el5-i686/ /usr/src/linux
#cd keepalived-1.1.17
#./configure --prefix=/ --mandir=/usr/local/share/man/ --with-kernel-dir=/usr/src/kernels/2.6.18-128.el5-i686/
#make && make install
#cd /etc/keepalived/
#mv keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.default
#vi keepalived.conf
! Configuration File for keepalived
vrrp_script chk_http_port {
script "/etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh"
interval 2
weight 2
global_defs {
router_id LVS_DEVEL
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
state MASTER #192.168.1.193上改为BACKUP
interface eth0
virtual_router_id 51
priority 150 #192.168.1.193上改为120
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111
}
track_script {
chk_http_port
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.1.200
}
}
}
#vi /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh
#!/bin/bash
A=`ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l`
if [ $A -eq 0 ];then
/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/conf/haproxy.cfg
sleep 3
if [ `ps -C haproxy --no-header |wc -l` -eq 0 ];then
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop
fi
fi
#chmod 755 /etc/keepalived/check_haproxy.sh
haproxy的安装(主备都一样)：
#tar -zxvf haproxy-1.4.9.tar.gz
#cd haproxy-1.4.9
#make TARGET=linux26 PREFIX=/usr/local/haproxy install
#cd /usr/local/haproxy/
#mkdir conf logs
#cd conf
#vi haproxy.cfg
global
log 127.0.0.1 local3 info
maxconn 4096
user nobody
group nobody
daemon
nbproc 1
pidfile /usr/local/haproxy/logs/haproxy.pid
defaults
maxconn 2000
contimeout 5000
clitimeout 30000
srvtimeout 30000
mode http
log global
log 127.0.0.1 local3 info
stats uri /admin?stats
option forwardfor
frontend http_server
bind :80
log global
default_backend info_cache
acl test hdr_dom(host) -i test.domain.com
use_backend cache_test if test
backend info_cache
#balance roundrobin
balance source
option httpchk HEAD /haproxy.txt HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:192.168.1.187
server inst2 192.168.1.187:80 check inter 5000 fall 3
backend cache_test
balance roundrobin
#balance source
option httpchk HEAD /haproxy.txt HTTP/1.1\r\nHost:test.domain.com
server inst1 192.168.1.187:8000 check inter 5000 fall 3
二：再两台机器上都分别启动：
/etc/init.d/keepalived start （这条命令会自动把haproxy启动）
三：测试：
1.再两台机器上分别执行ip add
主: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:98:cd:c0 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.192/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.200/32 (vip)scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe98:cdc0/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
备: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:a6:0c:7e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.193/24 brd 255.255.255.254 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea6:c7e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2.停掉主上的haproxy，3秒后keepalived会自动将其再次启动
3.停掉主的keepalived，备机马上接管服务
备: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:a6:0c:7e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.193/24 brd 255.255.255.254 scope global eth0
inet 192.168.1.200/32 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fea6:c7e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4.更改hosts
192.168.1.200 test.com
192.168.1.200 test.domain.com
通过IE测试，可以发现
test.com的请求发向了192.168.1.187:80
test.domain.com的请求发向了192.168.1.187:8000
反向代理服务器,支持双机热备支持虚拟主机,但其配置简单,拥有非常不错的服务器健康检查功能,当其代理的后端服务器出现故障, HAProxy会自动将该服务器摘除,故障恢复后再自动将该服务器加入｡新的1.3引入了frontend,backend；frontend根据任意 HTTP请求头内容做规则匹配,然后把请求定向到相关的backend.
测试环境描述：
网络拓扑结构如下图：
共涉及四台服务器、一台客户端设备。
分别为：
主haproxy+主keepalived
辅haproxy+辅keepalived
www.bobo365.com
后端服务器：
server01：192.168.71.135
server02： 192.168.71.136 （centos 6.2下nginx+php+mysql）
客户端：192.168.71.1
所要达到的目的：
1、主辅haproxy服务器为实际后端服务器提供负载均衡。
2、server01或者server02任何一台宕机，不影响用户访问。
3、主辅haproxy任何一台宕机，不影响用户访问。
安装配置：
1、实际服务器分别能单独访问：
http://192.168.71.135
http://192.168.71.136
http://192.168.71.138:8080
2、分别在主辅haproxy服务器上安装配置haproxy和keepalived。
（1）192.168.71.128
haproxy.cfg配置(/usr/local/haproxy)：
global
#
#
defaults
listen web_proxy www.bobo365.com:80
keepalived.conf配置（/etc/keepalived）:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
}
(2)192.168.71.138
haproxy.cfg配置(/usr/local/haproxy)：
global
#
#
defaults
listen web_proxy www.bobo365.com:80
keepalived.conf配置（/etc/keepalived）:
! Configuration File for keepalived
global_defs {
}
vrrp_instance VI_1 {
}
1、检测keepalvied安装是否成功：（ip a命令）
192.168.71.128正常提供服务时：
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
3: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
192.168.71.128宕机时192.168.71.138状态：
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
3: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
2、启动关闭命令：
关闭：killall -9 haproxy
启动：/usr/local/haproxy/sbin/haproxy -f /usr/local/haproxy/haproxy.cfg
/etc/init.d/keepalived stop|start|restart
3、检测页面：http://www.bobo365.com/haproxy-stats
------------------------
新增配置（20120614补充）
haproxy.cfg:(www.bobo365.com/bobo365.com均可访问，主辅之间无缝切换)
global
#
#
defaults
frontend
bind
backend www_bobo365
server web1_71.136_80 192.168.71.136:80 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 5
#server web2_71.136_8000 192.168.71.136:8000 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 5
backend bobo365_com
server web1_71.136_80 192.168.71.136:80 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 5
#server web2_71.136 192.168.71.136:8000 check inter 5s rise 2 fall 5
检测状态截图：
扫一扫
7998
被折叠的 条评论
为什么被折叠?
到【灌水乐园】发言
