NovaException: Unexpected vif_type=binding

在使用Nova启动实例时，遇到错误提示Unexpectedvif_type=binding_failed，涉及NeutronVIF绑定失败的问题。文章详细分析了错误原因及解决步骤，并提供了创建br-ex桥接的DevStack配置指南。

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nova/virt/libvirt/vif.py:                _("Unexpected vif_type=%s") % vif_type)
NovaException: Unexpected vif_type=binding_failed

:/opt/stack/nova$ git grep binding_failed
nova/tests/unit/compute/test_compute_mgr.py:    def test_init_instance_with_binding_failed_vif_type(self):
nova/tests/unit/compute/test_compute_mgr.py:        # this instance will plug a 'binding_failed' vif
nova/tests/unit/compute/test_compute_mgr.py:                    "Unexpected vif_type=binding_failed")),

创建instance出错时出现以上错误。

在neutron vif binding出错时会返回：

vif_type=binding_failed

2015-11-09 14:54:32.775 ERROR neutron.plugins.ml2.managers [req-6541d965-bf7f-44a6-aae7-70773042fc1a neutron c8ce7938e38b4612a8b3daab441b804c] Failed to bind port 78de1224-0c09-40e0-9528-0e009380dacd on host yuntong-ThinkStation
2015-11-09 14:54:32.775 ERROR neutron.plugins.ml2.managers [req-6541d965-bf7f-44a6-aae7-70773042fc1a neutron c8ce7938e38b4612a8b3daab441b804c] Failed to bind port 78de1224-0c09-40e0-9528-0e009380dacd on host yuntong-ThinkStation

neutron/extensions/portbindings.py:VIF_TYPE_BINDING_FAILED = 'binding_failed'

2015-10-27 11:42:02.122 ^[[01;31mERROR neutron.plugins.ml2.drivers.openvswitch.agent.ovs_neutron_agent [^[[01;36mreq-d618ca64-5f42-4347-8f5f-8d7d1e40a4fd ^[[00;36mNone None^[[01;31m] ^[[01;35m^[[01;31mBridge br-ex for physical network public does not exist. Agent terminated!

neutron log显示缺少br-ex bridge,查看devstack中如何创建该bridge：
devstack/lib/neutron_plugins/linuxbridge_agent

function neutron_plugin_configure_l3_agent {
    sudo brctl addbr $PUBLIC_BRIDGE
    iniset $Q_L3_CONF_FILE DEFAULT external_network_bridge
    iniset $Q_L3_CONF_FILE DEFAULT l3_agent_manager neutron.agent.l3_agent.L3NATAgentWithStateReport
}

创建br-ex bridge：