POJ 2676, Sudoku

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原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/asuran/archive/2009/10/11/1580878.html

本文介绍了一种使用深度优先搜索(DFS)解决Sudoku难题的算法。通过预先处理行列及小方格已有的数字，利用位运算快速判断并填入合适的数字，最终找到满足条件的唯一解。

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Time Limit: 2000MS Memory Limit: 65536K
Total Submissions: 5414 Accepted: 2567 Special Judge

Description
Sudoku is a very simple task. A square table with 9 rows and 9 columns is divided to 9 smaller squares 3x3 as shown on the Figure. In some of the cells are written decimal digits from 1 to 9. The other cells are empty. The goal is to fill the empty cells with decimal digits from 1 to 9, one digit per cell, in such way that in each row, in each column and in each marked 3x3 subsquare, all the digits from 1 to 9 to appear. Write a program to solve a given Sudoku-task.

Input
The input data will start with the number of the test cases. For each test case, 9 lines follow, corresponding to the rows of the table. On each line a string of exactly 9 decimal digits is given, corresponding to the cells in this line. If a cell is empty it is represented by 0.

Output
For each test case your program should print the solution in the same format as the input data. The empty cells have to be filled according to the rules. If solutions is not unique, then the program may print any one of them.

Sample Input
1
103000509
002109400
000704000
300502006
060000050
700803004
000401000
009205800
804000107

Sample Output
143628579
572139468
986754231
391542786
468917352
725863914
237481695
619275843
854396127

Source
Southeastern Europe 2005

// POJ2676.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
//

#include <iostream>
#include <iterator>
using namespace std;

inline int getsq(int i, int j)
{
    if (i < 3 && j < 3) return 0;
    else if (i < 3 && j < 6) return 1;
    else if (i < 3 && j < 9) return 2;
    else if (i < 6 && j < 3) return 3;
    else if (i < 6 && j < 6) return 4;
    else if (i < 6 && j < 9) return 5;
    else if (i < 9 && j < 3) return 6;
    else if (i < 9 && j < 6) return 7;
    else if (i < 9 && j < 9) return 8;
    return -1;
}

static char board[10][10];
static unsigned int sq[9];
static unsigned int row[9];
static unsigned int col[9];
bool DFS()
{
    //check board
    int ii, jj;
    bool find = false;
    for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < 9; ++j)
            if (board[i][j]=='0')
            {
                find = true;
                ii = i;
                jj = j;
                break;
            };
        if (find == true) break;
    }
    if (find == false) return true;

    int kk = getsq(ii,jj);
    int avl = row[ii] & col[jj] & sq[kk];
    for (int l = 0; l < 9; ++l)
        if (((avl >> l) & 1) == 1)
        {
            row[ii] &= ~(1 << l);
            col[jj] &= ~(1 << l);
            sq[kk] &= ~(1 << l);
            board[ii][jj] = l + '1';
            if (DFS()) return true;
            board[ii][jj] = '0';
            row[ii] |= (1 << l);
            col[jj] |= (1 << l);
            sq[kk] |= (1 << l);
        };

    return false;
};
int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
    int cases;
    scanf("%d\n", &cases);

    for (int c = 0; c < cases; ++c)
    {
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
            gets(board[i]);

        //used
        memset(sq, 0, sizeof(sq));
        memset(row, 0, sizeof(row));
        memset(col, 0, sizeof(col));
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
            for (int j = 0; j < 9; ++j)
                if (board[i][j]!='0')
                {
                    row[i] |= 1 << (board[i][j] - '1');
                    col[j] |= 1 << (board[i][j] - '1');
                    sq[getsq(i,j)] |= 1 << (board[i][j] - '1');
                };
        //availble
        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
        {
            row[i] = ~row[i];
            col[i] = ~col[i];
            sq[i] = ~sq[i];
        }

        DFS();

        for (int i = 0; i < 9; ++i)
        {
            copy(&board[i][0], &board[i][9], ostream_iterator<char>(cout));
            cout<<endl;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/asuran/archive/2009/10/11/1580878.html