初试 spring web mvc

最新推荐文章于 2025-08-23 20:56:03 发布

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最新推荐文章于 2025-08-23 20:56:03 发布

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文章标签：测试 web.xml java

本文详细介绍了搭建Spring Web MVC环境的步骤，包括所需JAR包的获取、项目配置及控制器编写等关键环节。

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作为一名code需要了解更多的知识，编程方面的东西太多了，是个逐渐积累的过程。最近学习一下spring web mvc，写下我个人的一些经验。

1。准备jar包。spring mvc 已经到了版本4，网上的很多资料已经不在适用。给出的下载地址也无法适用。这是非常痛苦的。我费了好大功夫才获得这些JAR包。

在官方介绍文档里获得http://docs.spring.io/spring/docs/4.1.0.BUILD-SNAPSHOT/spring-framework-reference/htmlsingle/#overview-distribution-zip

在这里下载：http://repo.spring.io/release/org/springframework/spring/4.0.1.RELEASE/

同时还需要jstl包，你可以搜索到。

2. 创建一个web project项目，将jar包放入工程的WEB-INF的lib下。如下图:

3,创建 web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" version="2.5">
  <display-name>Web Application</display-name>
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>
				/WEB-INF/conf/spring/spring-servlet.xml
			</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>
			/WEB-INF/conf/spring/spring-servlet.xml
		</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
</web-app>

4.创建文件夹WEB-INF/conf/spring，再创建文件spring-servlet.xml 内容如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!-- 配置SpringMVC配置文件所需的xml文件解析模板 -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:cxf="http://cxf.apache.org/core"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd 
       http://cxf.apache.org/core http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/core.xsd 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!-- 配置控制器要掃描的包路徑 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="zyf.demo" />
    <!-- 配置視圖解析器 -->
    <bean id="jspViewResolver"
        class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="viewClass"
            value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
        <!-- 解析器解析/WEB-INF/jsp/路徑下，以.jsp結尾的視圖文件 -->
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
    </bean>
</beans>

5.写控制器

package zyf.demo;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/demo")
public class HelloWorldController {
   
    @RequestMapping("/helloWorld")//url字段名
    public String helloWorld() {
        return "helloWorld";//jsp文件名
    }
}

6.写 index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"
    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<%
    request.getRequestDispatcher("/demo/helloWorld.htm").forward(request, response);
%>

大功告成。中间更多的时间浪费在找jar包问题上。