linux读写信号量,Linux内核读写信号量rwsem实现分析

Linux内核读写信号量rwsem实现分析

读写信号量 信号量根据用途不同，可以区分读和写两种操作方式。 为提高信号量的效率引入rwsem，此锁使用的机会比较少，适用于读频繁的情况。 头文件，类型struct rw_semaphore，其必须在运行时进行显示的初始化： void init_rwsem(struct rw_semaphore* sem); 对于只读访问，使用如下PV： void down_read(struct rw_semaphore* sem); int down_read_trylock(struct rw_semaphore* sem); //成功返回非零，其他返回零(特殊) void up_read(struct rw_semaphore* sem); 对于写入分别是：down_write, down_write_trylock, up_write rwsem允许一个写入者或无限个读者拥有该信号量。 在2.6.21内核rwsem的实现中，所有读者和写者排队处理，处理完写者前面的所有读者后才处理到写者。 在rwsem-spinlock.c中down_read实现如下： /* * get a read lock on the semaphore */ void fastcall __sched __down_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { struct rwsem_waiter waiter; struct task_struct *tsk; spin_lock_irq( // 没有写者的情况下直接获取读者锁 if (sem->activity >= 0 spin_unlock_irq( goto out; } // 否则有写者的情况下，加入到排队队列中 tsk = current; set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE);// 进程不可中断 /* set up my own style of waitqueue */ waiter.task = tsk; waiter.flags = RWSEM_WAITING_FOR_READ; get_task_struct(tsk); list_add_tail(// 加入到排队队列中 /* we don t need to touch the semaphore struct anymore */ spin_unlock_irq( /* wait to be given the lock */ for (;;) { // task有效的时候，继续调度，在up中会被设置成NULL，进而去调度 if (!waiter.task) break; schedule(); set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); } tsk->state = TASK_RUNNING; out: ; } /* * release a read lock on the semaphore */ void fastcall __up_read(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { unsigned long flags; spin_lock_irqsave( // 释放读者锁的时候，若wait_list不为空的时候，证明等待队列中存在写者锁请求 if (--sem->activity == 0 // 此函数下面分析 spin_unlock_irqrestore( } down_write函数会直接调用以下函数 /* get a write lock on the semaphore * - we increment the waiting count anyway to indicate an exclusive lock */ void fastcall __sched __down_write_nested(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int subclass) { struct rwsem_waiter waiter; struct task_struct *tsk; spin_lock_irq( // activity == 0且队列中没有等待时，此时没有读者和写者，直接获取写者锁。 if (sem->activity == 0 spin_unlock_irq( goto out; } // 否则去排队 tsk = current; set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); /* set up my own style of waitqueue */ waiter.task = tsk; waiter.flags = RWSEM_WAITING_FOR_WRITE; get_task_struct(tsk); list_add_tail( /* we don t need to touch the semaphore struct anymore */ spin_unlock_irq( /* wait to be given the lock */ for (;;) { if (!waiter.task) break; schedule(); set_task_state(tsk, TASK_UNINTERRUPTIBLE); } tsk->state = TASK_RUNNING; out: ; } down_write函数会被__rwsem_wake_one_writer唤醒。 /* * wake a single writer */ static inline struct rw_semaphore * __rwsem_wake_one_writer(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { struct rwsem_waiter *waiter; struct task_struct *tsk; sem->activity = -1; // 表示当前没有写者锁 waiter = list_entry(sem->wait_list.next, struct rwsem_waiter, list); list_del( // 设置waiter->task为NULL，并唤醒进程 tsk = waiter->task; smp_mb(); waiter->task = NULL; wake_up_process(tsk); put_task_struct(tsk); return sem; } Up_write函数如下： /* * release a write lock on the semaphore */ void fastcall __up_write(struct rw_semaphore *sem) { unsigned long flags; spin_lock_irqsave( sem->activity = 0; // 没有读者和写者 // 如果队列不为空，则唤醒，第二个参数1的意思是所有的读者和写者 if (!list_empty( spin_unlock_irqrestore( } /* handle the lock release when processes blocked on it that can now run * - if we come here, then: * - the active count _reached_ zero * - the waiting count is non-zero * - the spinlock must be held by the caller * - woken process blocks are discarded from the list after having task zeroed * - writers are only woken if wakewrite is non-zero */ static inline struct rw_semaphore * __rwsem_do_wake(struct rw_semaphore *sem, int wakewrite) { struct rwsem_waiter *waiter; struct task_struct *tsk; int woken; waiter = list_entry(sem->wait_list.next, struct rwsem_waiter, list); // 若wakewrite为0则只唤醒读者，为1时唤醒所有写者和读者 if (!wakewrite) { if (waiter->flags goto dont_wake_writers; } // 唤醒写者，list的第一个元素 if (waiter->flags list_del( tsk = waiter->task; /* Don t touch waiter after ->task has been NULLed */ smp_mb(); waiter->task = NULL; wake_up_process(tsk); put_task_struct(tsk); goto out; } // 唤醒所有的读者，activity值直接加到位 /* grant an infinite number of read locks to the front of the queue */ dont_wake_writers: woken = 0; while (waiter->flags list_del( tsk = waiter->task; smp_mb(); waiter->task = NULL; wake_up_process(tsk); put_task_struct(tsk); woken++; if (list_empty( waiter = list_entry(next, struct rwsem_waiter, list); } sem->activity += woken; // activity值直接加到位 out: return sem; }