java中嵌入其他脚本,如何将java代码嵌入到批处理脚本中？是否可以创建.java / .bat混合？...

While there are some techniques that allows you to create the perfect (and not so perfect) batch file hybrids with some 'native' windows script languages.

What a 'perfect' hybrid should look like:

The embedded code must be usable as it is and you should be capable

to copy-pasted it in any other editor/IDE you want. There should be

no endless echoes to temp files and weird escape sequences.(rather

possible for every language that support multi-line comments).

No 'poisonous' prints of error messages (e.g. /* will print an error

in command prompt despite the execution of the batch will continue

on the next line)

No temporary files.With the exception of compiled binary files which

is unavoidable for the languages that does not have an interpreter.

Is it possible to create the 'perfect' java/batch hybrid?

解决方案

The answer is almost.

The main impediment is that the all compilers I know are very strict about the file extensions and will refuse to compile any file that has no .java extension.

As any command in batch files starting with @ will be not displayed we can use the java annotations to silence the error message that comes from the java comment (should be saved with .bat extension):

@Deprecated /* >nul 2>&1

:: self compiled java/.bat hybrid

::

:: deprecated is the only one annotation that can be used outside the class definition

:: and is needed for 'mute' start of multi-line java comment

:: that will be not printed by the batch file.

:: though it still creates two files - the .class and the .java

:: it still allows you to embed both batch and java code into one file

@echo off

setlocal

java -version >nul 2>&1 || (

echo java not found

exit /b 1

)

::find class name

::can be different than the script name

for /f "usebackq tokens=3 delims=} " %%c in (`type %~f0 ^|find /i "public class"^|findstr /v "for /f"`) do (

set "javaFile=%%c"

goto :skip

)

:skip

copy "%~f0" "%javaFile%.java" >nul 2>&1

javac "%javaFile%.java"

java "%javaFile%"

::optional

::del %javaFile%.* >nul 2>&1

end local

exit /b 0

*******/

public class TestClass

{

public static void main(String args[])

{

System.out.println("selfcompiled .bat/.java hybrid");

}

}

The example above covers points 1. and 2. but of course there's still need of creation of .java file.Still copying is faster than echoing java content line by line.

One step further (or half step) - making a .java extension to act like .bat (or almost)

Lets say you don't the like the part in the code that finds the java class name and the self-copy code.

You can make the .java extension to act like .bat file.Or almost - the %0 will be lost and the file name will be stored in %1.

For that purpose you need to call this batch file with admin permissions:

@echo off

:: requires Admin permissions

:: allows a files with .JAVA (in this case ) extension to act like .bat/.cmd files.

:: Will create a 'caller.bat' asociated with the extension

:: which will create a temp .bat file on each call (you can consider this as cheating)

:: and will call it.

:: Have on mind that the %0 argument will be lost.

rem :: "installing" a caller.

if not exist "c:\javaCaller.bat" (

echo @echo off

echo copy "%%~nx1" "%%temp%%\%%~nx1.bat" /Y ^>nul

echo "%%temp%%\%%~nx1.bat" %%*

) > c:\javaCaller.bat

rem :: associating file extension

assoc .java=javafile

ftype javafile=c:\javaCaller "%%1" %%*

Then the self-compiled .java file will look like this (should be saved with .java extension):

@Deprecated /* >nul 2>&1

:: requires ran javaExtInstaller.bat

:: https://github.com/npocmaka/batch.scripts/blob/master/Java/javaExtInstaller.bat

::

:: self compiled java/.bat hybrid

::

:: deprecated is the only one annotation that can be used outside the class definition

:: and is needed for 'mute' start of multi-line java comment

:: that will be not printed by the batch file.

:: allows you to embed both batch and java code into one file

@echo off

setlocal

java -version >nul 2>&1 || (

echo java not found

exit /b 1

)

if not exist "%~n1.class" javac "%~nx1"

:: to compile the class every time use:

:: javac "%~nx1"

java "%~n1"

endlocal

exit /b 0

*******/

public class TestClass

{

public static void main(String args[])

{

System.out.println("selfcompiled .bat/.java hybrid");

}

}

there still will have a creation of temp .bat file by the javaCaller.bat but it will be not 'visible' and batch part is much shorter.

In the examples there are no packages as the only single java file is used .Packages will make only the example harder to understand.