【matplotlib复杂热图绘制】自定义元素注释，对数渐变色标，不显示色标，去掉留白，LZW压缩

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_41171061/article/details/116360698

这篇博客介绍了如何使用matplotlib创建带有注释的热图，特别是针对大范围数据采用对数色标以增强颜色区分度。作者在尝试多种方法后，找到了一种能够实现连续渐变色并且能关联数据的解决方案。通过手动进行log变换来处理数据，以生成形状为14*8的heatmap，并且展示了如何去除色标、调整图片留白以及使用LZW压缩保存TIFF文件。

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我的最终图形式

在这里插入图片描述

元素注释为该元素的name+value
无color bar
颜色分明

创建带注释的热图function

详见官方文档，下面是我自己的图，修改了官方例子。

def heatmap(data, ax=None, cbar_kw={
   
   }, cbarlabel = "", **kwargs):
    """
    Create a heatmap from a numpy array and two lists of labels.

    Parameters
    ----------
    data
        A 2D numpy array of shape (N, M).
    row_labels
        A list or array of length N with the labels for the rows.
    col_labels
        A list or array of length M with the labels for the columns.
    ax
        A `matplotlib.axes.Axes` instance to which the heatmap is plotted.  If
        not provided, use current axes or create a new one.  Optional.
    cbar_kw
        A dictionary with arguments to `matplotlib.Figure.colorbar`.  Optional.
    cbarlabel
        The label for the colorbar.  Optional.
    **kwargs
        All other arguments are forwarded to `imshow`.
    """

    if not ax:
        ax = plt.gca()

    # Plot the heatmap
    im = ax.imshow(data, aspect = 'auto', **kwargs)
    # Create colorbar
    cbar = ax.figure.colorbar(im, cax = None, ax = ax, **cbar_kw)
#     cbar.ax.set_ylabel(cbarlabel, font1, rotation = -90, va = "bottom") 因为我不打算显示color bar，我就去掉了~
    return im, cbar

def annotate_heatmap(im, data=None, values = None, valfmt="{x:.2f}",
                     textcolors=("black", "white"),
                     threshold=None, **textkw):
    """
    A function to annotate a heatmap.

    Parameters
    ----------
    im
        The AxesImage to be labeled.
    data
        Data used to annotate.  If None, the image's data is used.  Optional.
    valfmt
        The format of the annotations inside the heatmap.  This should either
        use the string format method, e.g. "$ {x:.2f}", or be a
        `matplotlib.ticker.Formatter`.  Optional.
    textcolors
        A pair of colors.  The first is used for values below a threshold,
        the second for those above.  Optional.
    threshold
        Value in data units according to which the colors from textcolors are
        applied.  If None (the default) uses the middle of the colormap as
        separation.  Optional.
    *