Docker应用容器部署

初识Docker

Docker 是一个开源的应用容器引擎，让开发者可以打包他们的应用以及依赖包到一个可移植的容器中，然后发布到任何流行的 Linux 机器上，也可以实现虚拟化。容器是完全使用沙箱机制，相互之间不会有任何接口。
主要利用 linux 内核 namespace 实现沙盒隔离,用cgroup 实现资源限制
一个完整的Docker有以下几个部分组成：

dockerClient客户端
Docker Daemon守护进程
Docker Image镜像
DockerContainer容器

安装docker-ce

安装docser,开启服务

[root@foundation7 Desktop]# yum   install  -y  
docker-engine-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm  
docker-engine-selinux-17.03.1.ce-1.el7.centos.noarch.rpm 

[root@foundation7 Desktop]# systemctl start  docker

查看版本号信息：

[root@foundation7 Desktop]# docker version
Client:
 Version:      17.03.1-ce
 API version:  1.27
 Go version:   go1.7.5
 Git commit:   c6d412e
 Built:        Fri Mar 24 00:36:45 2017
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64

Server:
 Version:      17.03.1-ce
 API version:  1.27 (minimum version 1.12)
 Go version:   go1.7.5
 Git commit:   c6d412e
 Built:        Fri Mar 24 00:36:45 2017
 OS/Arch:      linux/amd64
 Experimental: false

镜像管理

镜像用来创建容器,是容器的只读模板,默认可以从 docker hub 上下载。docker 的镜像是
增量修改,每次创建新的镜像都会在父镜像上构建一个增量的层,基于 AUFS 技术。

# docker search  查询镜像
# docker pull    拉取镜像
# docker push    推送镜像
# docker save ubuntu > ubuntu.tar  导出镜像
# docker load -i ubuntu.tar    导入镜像
# docker commit  更新镜像
# docker rmi     删除镜像

导入镜像

[root@foundation7 Desktop]# docker  load  -i   /home/kiosk/Desktop/game2048.tar 
011b303988d2: Loading layer  5.05 MB/5.05 MB
36e9226e74f8: Loading layer 51.46 MB/51.46 MB
192e9fad2abc: Loading layer 3.584 kB/3.584 kB
6d7504772167: Loading layer 4.608 kB/4.608 kB
88fca8ae768a: Loading layer 629.8 kB/629.8 kB
Loaded image: game2048:latest

查看镜像

[root@foundation7 Desktop]# docker  images  game2048
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
game2048            latest              19299002fdbe        20 months ago       55.5 MB

使用阿里运镜像加速器

具体步骤：1.输入：www.aliyun.com,点击注册–>注册帐号–>登陆—->管理控制台—>点击产品与服务–>容器镜像服务,点击镜像加速器查看配置文件

[root@foundation62 docker]# mkdir -p  /etc/docker/
[root@foundation62 docker]# vim  daemon.json
{
  "registry-mirrors": ["https://umsuwu83.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
[root@foundation62 docker]# systemctl daemon-reload 
[root@foundation62 docker]# systemctl restart docker.service 

创建成功后可以进行查找对应的镜像

[root@foundation62 docker]# docker  search nginx
NAME                                                   DESCRIPTION                                     STARS     OFFICIAL   AUTOMATED
nginx                                                  Official build of Nginx.                        9323      [OK]       
jwilder/nginx-proxy                                    Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c...   1386                 [OK]
richarvey/nginx-php-fpm                                Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ...   609                  [OK]
jrcs/letsencrypt-nginx-proxy-companion                 LetsEncrypt container to use with nginx as...   396                  [OK]
kong                                                   Open-source Microservice & API Management ...   216       [OK]       
webdevops/php-nginx                                    Nginx with PHP-FPM                              111                  [OK]
kitematic/hello-world-nginx                            A light-weight nginx container that demons...   108                  
zabbix/zabbix-web-nginx-mysql                          Zabbix frontend based on Nginx web-server ...   63                   [OK]
bitnami/nginx                                          Bitnami nginx Docker Image                      57                   [OK]
1and1internet/ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5   ubuntu-16-nginx-php-phpmyadmin-mysql-5          43                   [OK]
linuxserver/nginx                                      An Nginx container, brought to you by Linu...   38                   
tobi312/rpi-nginx                                      NGINX on Raspberry Pi / armhf                   20                   [OK]
blacklabelops/nginx                                    Dockerized Nginx Reverse Proxy Server.          12                   [OK]
nginxdemos/nginx-ingress                               NGINX Ingress Controller for Kubernetes . ...   11                   
wodby/drupal-nginx                                     Nginx for Drupal container image                10                   [OK]
webdevops/nginx                                        Nginx container                                 8                    [OK]
nginxdemos/hello                                       NGINX webserver that serves a simple page ...   8                    [OK]
centos/nginx-18-centos7                                Platform for running nginx 1.8 or building...   7                    
1science/nginx                                         Nginx Docker images that include Consul Te...   4                    [OK]
centos/nginx-112-centos7                               Platform for running nginx 1.12 or buildin...   4                    
pebbletech/nginx-proxy                                 nginx-proxy sets up a container running ng...   2                    [OK]
toccoag/openshift-nginx                                Nginx reverse proxy for Nice running on sa...