【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306 0.96“OLED+气象数据中文显示
- ✨本实例基于
Thonny平台开发 - 📌相关篇《【MicroPython ESP32】ssd1306模块基于GB2312字库驱动0.96“I2C屏幕汉字显示示例》
- 🌼效果展示
⚡本篇硬件ESP32所使用的是
特定的固件包， 包含GB2312字库驱动，如果硬件所使用的microPython官方的固件并不适合本篇所讲的内容。请参照上面提供的相关篇内容进行了解和固件刷写。
- 📚固件资源和字库
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/11tq0UUur2Zspt0VvcBTYpg
提取码：it1b
📑开启这一篇内容前，说说调试经历，调试过程中遇到了一个很大的坑，折腾了一天。山穷水尽疑无路，人总需要抱一丝希望，万一成功了呢？遇到困难需要变通方法才行，否则容易被困于死胡同，找不到解答。
- 🌿调试
bug:ImportError: no module named 'parse'
在引入模块
import urequests时，老是出现ImportError: no module named 'parse'，出现这个问题，结果查阅，Python使用import语句访问modules，需要指定从中导入Parse的路径，了解文件夹层次结构非常重要。
- 🔧思路参考：
https://www.codenong.com/46211002/
🚩原固件本身始是基于
uPyCraft平台开发的使用的，MicroPython设备根目录下带lib文件夹，import urequests模块在MicroPython官方的固件中是已经封装到固件里面的，而这个带字库支持的固件却没有，但是有关代码中应该是又有指定了路径，所以在调用import urequests模块时，不仅需要上传到MicroPython设备上，而且需要指定路径。
📝接线说明
- 🎋所使用的是0.96" I2C OLED屏幕
scl=Pin(22)
sda=Pin(21)
⛳心知天气API接口
- 📍心知天气：
https://www.seniverse.com/
🎉免费版的使用次数足够一般的需求了。
https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
your_api_key：填写自己申请的Key（在使用我的代码时，请不要使用我保留下来的Key）
beijing：换成自己的城市（拼音）
def fetchWeather(location):
result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")
return result.text
- 填写个人的wifi信息
SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"
🍁文件结构
- 所需的字库文件，固件资源下载地址：
https://github.com/kaixindelele/ssd1306-MicroPython-ESP32-Chinese/(已在上面提供了百度网盘资源)
urequests.py内容：
import usocket
class Response:
def __init__(self, f):
self.raw = f
self.encoding = "utf-8"
self._cached = None
def close(self):
if self.raw:
self.raw.close()
self.raw = None
self._cached = None
@property
def content(self):
if self._cached is None:
try:
self._cached = self.raw.read()
finally:
self.raw.close()
self.raw = None
return self._cached
@property
def text(self):
return str(self.content, self.encoding)
def json(self):
import ujson
return ujson.loads(self.content)
def request(method, url, data=None, json=None, headers={}, stream=None):
try:
proto, dummy, host, path = url.split("/", 3)
except ValueError:
proto, dummy, host = url.split("/", 2)
path = ""
if proto == "http:":
port = 80
elif proto == "https:":
import ussl
port = 443
else:
raise ValueError("Unsupported protocol: " + proto)
if ":" in host:
host, port = host.split(":", 1)
port = int(port)
ai = usocket.getaddrinfo(host, port, 0, usocket.SOCK_STREAM)
ai = ai[0]
s = usocket.socket(ai[0], ai[1], ai[2])
try:
s.connect(ai[-1])
if proto == "https:":
s = ussl.wrap_socket(s, server_hostname=host)
s.write(b"%s /%s HTTP/1.0\r\n" % (method, path))
if not "Host" in headers:
s.write(b"Host: %s\r\n" % host)
# Iterate over keys to avoid tuple alloc
for k in headers:
s.write(k)
s.write(b": ")
s.write(headers[k])
s.write(b"\r\n")
if json is not None:
assert data is None
import ujson
data = ujson.dumps(json)
s.write(b"Content-Type: application/json\r\n")
if data:
s.write(b"Content-Length: %d\r\n" % len(data))
s.write(b"\r\n")
if data:
s.write(data)
l = s.readline()
#print(l)
l = l.split(None, 2)
status = int(l[1])
reason = ""
if len(l) > 2:
reason = l[2].rstrip()
while True:
l = s.readline()
if not l or l == b"\r\n":
break
#print(l)
if l.startswith(b"Transfer-Encoding:"):
if b"chunked" in l:
raise ValueError("Unsupported " + l)
elif l.startswith(b"Location:") and 300 < status < 400:
new_url = (l[10:-2]).decode('utf8')
return request(method, new_url, data, json, headers, stream)
except OSError:
s.close()
raise
resp = Response(s)
resp.status_code = status
resp.reason = reason
return resp
def head(url, **kw):
return request("HEAD", url, **kw)
def get(url, **kw):
return request("GET", url, **kw)
def post(url, **kw):
return request("POST", url, **kw)
def put(url, **kw):
return request("PUT", url, **kw)
def patch(url, **kw):
return request("PATCH", url, **kw)
def delete(url, **kw):
return request("DELETE", url, **kw)
ssd1306.py内容
# MicroPython SSD1306 OLED driver, I2C and SPI interfaces
from micropython import const
import framebuf
# register definitions
SET_CONTRAST = const(0x81)
SET_ENTIRE_ON = const(0xA4)
SET_NORM_INV = const(0xA6)
SET_DISP = const(0xAE)
SET_MEM_ADDR = const(0x20)
SET_COL_ADDR = const(0x21)
SET_PAGE_ADDR = const(0x22)
SET_DISP_START_LINE = const(0x40)
SET_SEG_REMAP = const(0xA0)
SET_MUX_RATIO = const(0xA8)
SET_COM_OUT_DIR = const(0xC0)
SET_DISP_OFFSET = const(0xD3)
SET_COM_PIN_CFG = const(0xDA)
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV = const(0xD5)
SET_PRECHARGE = const(0xD9)
SET_VCOM_DESEL = const(0xDB)
SET_CHARGE_PUMP = const(0x8D)
# Subclassing FrameBuffer provides support for graphics primitives
# http://docs.micropython.org/en/latest/pyboard/library/framebuf.html
class SSD1306(framebuf.FrameBuffer):
def __init__(self, width, height, external_vcc):
self.width = width
self.height = height
self.external_vcc = external_vcc
self.pages = self.height // 8
self.buffer = bytearray(self.pages * self.width)
super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.MONO_VLSB, self.width)
self.init_display()
def init_display(self):
for cmd in (
SET_DISP | 0x00, # off
# address setting
SET_MEM_ADDR,
0x00, # horizontal
# resolution and layout
SET_DISP_START_LINE | 0x00,
SET_SEG_REMAP | 0x01, # column addr 127 mapped to SEG0
SET_MUX_RATIO,
self.height - 1,
SET_COM_OUT_DIR | 0x08, # scan from COM[N] to COM0
SET_DISP_OFFSET,
0x00,
SET_COM_PIN_CFG,
0x02 if self.width > 2 * self.height else 0x12,
# timing and driving scheme
SET_DISP_CLK_DIV,
0x80,
SET_PRECHARGE,
0x22 if self.external_vcc else 0xF1,
SET_VCOM_DESEL,
0x30, # 0.83*Vcc
# display
SET_CONTRAST,
0xFF, # maximum
SET_ENTIRE_ON, # output follows RAM contents
SET_NORM_INV, # not inverted
# charge pump
SET_CHARGE_PUMP,
0x10 if self.external_vcc else 0x14,
SET_DISP | 0x01,
): # on
self.write_cmd(cmd)
self.fill(0)
self.show()
def poweroff(self):
self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x00)
def poweron(self):
self.write_cmd(SET_DISP | 0x01)
def contrast(self, contrast):
self.write_cmd(SET_CONTRAST)
self.write_cmd(contrast)
def invert(self, invert):
self.write_cmd(SET_NORM_INV | (invert & 1))
def show(self):
x0 = 0
x1 = self.width - 1
if self.width == 64:
# displays with width of 64 pixels are shifted by 32
x0 += 32
x1 += 32
self.write_cmd(SET_COL_ADDR)
self.write_cmd(x0)
self.write_cmd(x1)
self.write_cmd(SET_PAGE_ADDR)
self.write_cmd(0)
self.write_cmd(self.pages - 1)
self.write_data(self.buffer)
class SSD1306_I2C(SSD1306):
def __init__(self, width, height, i2c, addr=0x3C, external_vcc=False):
self.i2c = i2c
self.addr = addr
self.temp = bytearray(2)
self.write_list = [b"\x40", None] # Co=0, D/C#=1
super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.temp[0] = 0x80 # Co=1, D/C#=0
self.temp[1] = cmd
self.i2c.writeto(self.addr, self.temp)
def write_data(self, buf):
self.write_list[1] = buf
self.i2c.writevto(self.addr, self.write_list)
class SSD1306_SPI(SSD1306):
def __init__(self, width, height, spi, dc, res, cs, external_vcc=False):
self.rate = 10 * 1024 * 1024
dc.init(dc.OUT, value=0)
res.init(res.OUT, value=0)
cs.init(cs.OUT, value=1)
self.spi = spi
self.dc = dc
self.res = res
self.cs = cs
import time
self.res(1)
time.sleep_ms(1)
self.res(0)
time.sleep_ms(10)
self.res(1)
super().__init__(width, height, external_vcc)
def write_cmd(self, cmd):
self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
self.cs(1)
self.dc(0)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd]))
self.cs(1)
def write_data(self, buf):
self.spi.init(baudrate=self.rate, polarity=0, phase=0)
self.cs(1)
self.dc(1)
self.cs(0)
self.spi.write(buf)
self.cs(1)
📝主程序代码
from lib import urequests
#import urequests as requests
from machine import Pin,I2C
i2c = I2C(1,scl=Pin(22), sda=Pin(21),freq=100000)
from ssd1306 import SSD1306_I2C #从ssd1306模块中导入SSD1306_I2C子模块
import time
import network
import ujson
#import ssd1306
#import HZK
#spi = SPI(baudrate=100000, polarity=1, phase=0, sck=Pin(18), mosi=Pin(23), miso=Pin(19))
#cs = Pin(25,Pin.OUT)
#HZK.init(spi,cs)
oled = SSD1306_I2C(128, 64, i2c,addr=0x3c) #OLED显示屏初始化：128*64分辨率,OLED的I2C地址是0x3c
# 心知天气API申请：https://seniverse.yuque.com
# API_KEY = 'S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_'
#接口;https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=your_api_key&location=beijing&language=zh-Hans&unit=c
# LOCATION = 'zhuzhou'
# URL = 'https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json'
# UNIT = 'c'
# LANGUAGE = 'zh-Hans'
SSID ="MERCURY_D268G" # 填写个人wifi信息
PASSWORD ="pba5ayzk"
wlan=None
s=None
#连接网络
def connectWifi(ssid,passwd):
global wlan
wlan=network.WLAN(network.STA_IF)
wlan.active(True)
wlan.disconnect()
wlan.connect(ssid,passwd)
while(wlan.ifconfig()[0]=='0.0.0.0'):
time.sleep(1)
return True
def fetchWeather():
result = urequests.get("https://api.seniverse.com/v3/weather/now.json?key=S9hoa4Wza9Hcs2uX_&location=shenzhen&language=zh-Hans&unit=c")
return result.text
if __name__ == '__main__':
oled.font_load("GB2312-12.fon")# 所使用的字体时12号字体
oled.fill(0)
oled.text("ESP32 Weather Clock", 4, 0)
oled.line(0, 14, 128, 14, 1)#划线
connectWifi(SSID,PASSWORD)
result = fetchWeather()
print(result)
j=ujson.loads(result)
print("\r\n\r\n")
print(j['results'][0]['location']['name'])
print(j['results'][0]['now']['text'])
print(j['results'][0]['now']['temperature'])
addr=j['results'][0]['location']['name']
weather=j['results'][0]['now']['text']
temperature=j['results'][0]['now']['temperature']
oled.text("地点：%s"%addr,35,16)
oled.text("天气：%s"%weather,35,32)
oled.text("温度：%s℃"%temperature,35,48)
oled.show()
- 📋Shell调试窗口信息
- 本示例参考文章：
https://mc.dfrobot.com.cn/thread-26740-1-1.html
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