找到ID位test的P节点,找到第一个出现的div,在这个div前面添加节点
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as bs
import urllib.parse
content= """
<h3 class="zhengwen">正文 <a class="yincang"
href="javascript:switchLink();" id="switchlinkbutton">隐藏链接</a></h3>
<div class="zwcontent">
<p class="zw-topbg"></p>
<div class="faguicon">
<p class="cntitle">测试文章</p>
<p class="doc-A"><a name="No5_T2"></a>测试数据</p><p class="doc-A"><a name="No6"></a></p><p class="doc-A"><a name="No7"></a>具体计算公式如下:</p>test</p><div class="reflink" id="test%3D"></div>
</div>
<div class="clear"></div>
<p class="zw-downbg"></p>
</div>
</div>
"""
soup = bs(content, "html.parser")
# 找到起点 <a name="No5_T2"> 的父 p
start_p = soup.find("a", {"name": "No5_T2"}).find_parent("p")
id_raw = "test="
id_encoded = urllib.parse.quote(id_raw)
# 从 start_p 开始往下找第一个目标 <div>
target_div = start_p.find_next("div", {"class": "reflink", "id": id_encoded})
# 在 target_div 前插入一个新的 <p>
new_p = soup.new_tag("p")
new_p.string = "这里是新增的段落"
target_div.insert_before(new_p)
print(soup.prettify())