布局技巧：自适应与固定宽度-CSDN博客

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本文介绍两种实现页面布局的方法，一是通过负值左外边距和右外边距配合浮动与清除浮动实现自适应与固定宽度布局；二是使用grid属性构建网格布局，结合flex属性完成元素定位。

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题目

实现如下页面布局。核心区域左侧自适应，右侧固定宽度 200px

解决思路一

侧边栏aside通过负值左外边距得以和content共处一行
真正的自适应内容则放置在content的内部，使用右外边距得以和aside保持固定距离
使用overflow:hidden清除浮动

实现代码

html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="zh-cn">
<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <title>Document</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/main.css" media="screen">
</head>
<body>
    <div class="head">
        <div class="logo">
            logo
        </div>
        <div class="username">
            用户名
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="main">
        <div class="content">
            <div class="real">content-自适应宽度</div>
        </div>
        <div class="aside">
            aside-定宽200px
        </div>
    </div>
    <div class="footer">
        footer
    </div>
</body>
</html>

css:

*{
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
}
.head{
    height: 70px;
    margin: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
    border: 2px solid green;
}
.logo{
    width: 50px;
    height: 50px;
    margin: 10px;
    float: left;
    border: 1px solid red;
}
.username{
    width: 150px;
    margin: 40px 10px 0px 0px;
    float: right;
    text-align: right;
    border: 1px solid black;
}
.main{
    margin: 10px;
    overflow: hidden;
}
.content{
    width: 100%;
    float: left;
}
.real{
    border: 2px solid blue;
    height: 400px;
    margin-right: 220px;
}
.aside{
    width: 200px;
    margin-left: -204px; 
    float: left;
    border: 2px solid red;
}
.footer{
    height: auto;
    margin: 0 10px;
    text-align: center;
    border: 2px solid black;
}

运行截图

解决思路二

使用grid属性构建网格布局
在.header中通过flex属性完成对.logo和.username的定位

实现代码

html：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">

<head>
    <meta charset="UTF-8">
    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/grid.css" media="screen">
    <title>grid布局</title>
</head>

<body>
    <div class="container">
        <div class="header">
            <div class="logo">logo</div>
            <div class="username">username</div>
        </div>
        <div class="content">content-自适应宽度</div>
        <div class="aside">aside-定宽200px</div>
        <div class="footer">footer</div>
    </div>

</body>

</html>

css：

.header{
    display:flex;
    justify-content: space-between;
    grid-area: header;
    border: 2px solid green;
    margin: 10px;
}
.logo{
    align-self: flex-start;
    height: 50px;
    width: 50px;
    margin: 5px 0 0 5px;
    border: 1px solid gold;
    padding: 5px;
}
.username{
    align-self: flex-end;
    height: 25px;
    width: 150px;
    margin: 0 5px 5px 0;
    border: 1px solid rgb(255, 30, 199);
    text-align: right;
    padding: 5px;
}
.content{
    grid-area: content;
    border: 2px solid blue;
    margin-left: 10px;
    padding: 5px;
}
.aside{
    grid-area: aside;
    border: 2px solid red;
    margin-right: 10px;
    padding: 5px;
}
.footer{
    grid-area: footer;
    border: 2px solid black;
    margin: 10px;
    text-align: center;
    padding: 5px;
}
.container{
    display: grid;
    grid-column-gap: 20px;
    grid: 
        [row-start] "header header" 100px [row-end]
        [row-start] "content aside" 400px [row-end]
        [row-start] "footer footer" auto [row-end]
        / auto 200px;
}