Capacity Planning(能力计划)专题_03_Queue /Wait/Move time

本文介绍了在详细排产中涉及的三种关键时间概念:Queue Time(排队时间)、Wait Time(等待时间)和Move Time(移动时间)。这些时间在计算工序开始和结束时间,以及调度依据中起着重要作用。例如,工序的开始时间等于工序结束时间减去能力需求时间(包括设置、处理和拆卸时间),而工序结束时间对于最后一道工序和非最后一道工序有不同的计算方式,涉及到waittime和queuetime的考虑。

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Capacity Planning(能力计划)专题_03_Queue /Wait/Move time

这里介绍下在做详细排产时候一些额外的时间概念。

  • Queue time:排队时间,即一批产品进行加工前等待排队的时间。
  • Wait time:等待时间,即一批产品加工完成后,等待后续处理的时间。
  • Move time:移动时间,即一批产品加工后移动至下道工序的时间。

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测试数据:
产品每道工序的queue /wait/ move时间如下
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2~3的时间段为能力需求时间(Setup time +Processing time +Teardown time),也是dispatch 的依据。
例如:
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工序的开始时间=工序结束时间-能力需求时间(Setup time +Processing time +Teardown time)
工序结束时间
• 最后一道工序=需求日期下最早的一个班次的结束时间-wait time
• 非最后一道工序=后续工序的开始时间点- 上工序的queue time – 本工序的(move time + wait time)

EPRobot@EPRobot:~/robot_ws/src/eprobot_start/script/one_car_pkg$ roscd usb_cam EPRobot@EPRobot:/opt/ros/melodic/share/usb_cam$ source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash EPRobot@EPRobot:/opt/ros/melodic/share/usb_cam$ cd ~/robot_ws EPRobot@EPRobot:~/robot_ws$ source devel/setup.bash EPRobot@EPRobot:~/robot_ws$ roslaunch eprobot_start one_car_start.launch ... logging to /home/EPRobot/.ros/log/9641654e-6234-11f0-a6b3-e45f0131f240/roslaunch-EPRobot-2443.log Checking log directory for disk usage. This may take a while. Press Ctrl-C to interrupt Done checking log file disk usage. Usage is <1GB. started roslaunch server http://EPRobot:45445/ SUMMARY ======== CLEAR PARAMETERS * /ekf_se/ PARAMETERS * /amcl/base_frame_id: base_footprint * /amcl/global_frame_id: map * /amcl/gui_publish_rate: 10.0 * /amcl/initial_pose_a: 0.0 * /amcl/initial_pose_x: 0.0 * /amcl/initial_pose_y: 0.0 * /amcl/kld_err: 0.05 * /amcl/kld_z: 0.99 * /amcl/laser_lambda_short: 0.1 * /amcl/laser_likelihood_max_dist: 5.0 * /amcl/laser_max_beams: 60 * /amcl/laser_max_range: 12.0 * /amcl/laser_model_type: likelihood_field * /amcl/laser_sigma_hit: 0.2 * /amcl/laser_z_hit: 0.7 * /amcl/laser_z_max: 0.1 * /amcl/laser_z_rand: 0.3 * /amcl/laser_z_short: 0.1 * /amcl/max_particles: 2000 * /amcl/min_particles: 600 * /amcl/odom_alpha1: 0.2 * /amcl/odom_alpha2: 0.2 * /amcl/odom_alpha3: 0.2 * /amcl/odom_alpha4: 0.2 * /amcl/odom_alpha5: 0.1 * /amcl/odom_frame_id: odom * /amcl/odom_model_type: diff * /amcl/recovery_alpha_fast: 0.2 * /amcl/recovery_alpha_slow: 0.005 * /amcl/resample_interval: 0.4 * /amcl/transform_tolerance: 0.5 * /amcl/update_min_a: 0.05 * /amcl/update_min_d: 0.05 * /amcl/use_map_topic: True * /base_control/base_kd: 0.0 * /base_control/base_ki: 100.0 * /base_control/base_kp: 1000.0 * /base_control/base_kv: 1.0 * /base_control/is_send_anger: false * /camera_uri: http://192.168.3.... * /ekf_se/base_link_frame: /base_footprint * /ekf_se/debug: False * /ekf_se/debug_out_file: /path/to/debug/fi... * /ekf_se/frequency: 30 * /ekf_se/imu0: /imu_data * /ekf_se/imu0_config: [False, False, Fa... * /ekf_se/imu0_differential: False * /ekf_se/imu0_nodelay: True * /ekf_se/imu0_pose_rejection_threshold: 0.8 * /ekf_se/imu0_queue_size: 8 * /ekf_se/imu0_relative: True * /ekf_se/imu0_remove_gravitational_acceleration: True * /ekf_se/initial_estimate_covariance: ['1e-9', 0, 0, 0,... * /ekf_se/map_frame: /map * /ekf_se/odom0: /odom * /ekf_se/odom0_config: [False, False, Fa... * /ekf_se/odom0_differential: False * /ekf_se/odom0_nodelay: True * /ekf_se/odom0_queue_size: 5 * /ekf_se/odom0_relative: True * /ekf_se/odom_frame: /odom * /ekf_se/print_diagnostics: True * /ekf_se/process_noise_covariance: [0.01, 0, 0, 0, 0... * /ekf_se/publish_acceleration: True * /ekf_se/publish_tf: True * /ekf_se/sensor_timeout: 0.025 * /ekf_se/transform_time_offset: 0.0001 * /ekf_se/transform_timeout: 0.025 * /ekf_se/two_d_mode: True * /ekf_se/world_frame: /odom * /image_view/autosize: True * /laser_filter/scan_filter_chain: [{'type': 'laser_... * /lslidar_driver_node/angle_disable_max: 0 * /lslidar_driver_node/angle_disable_min: 0 * /lslidar_driver_node/compensation: False * /lslidar_driver_node/frame_id: base_laser_link * /lslidar_driver_node/high_reflection: False * /lslidar_driver_node/interface_selection: serial * /lslidar_driver_node/lidar_name: M10 * /lslidar_driver_node/max_range: 100.0 * /lslidar_driver_node/min_range: 0.1 * /lslidar_driver_node/pubPointCloud2: False * /lslidar_driver_node/pubScan: True * /lslidar_driver_node/scan_topic: scan * /lslidar_driver_node/serial_port: /dev/EPRobot_laser * /lslidar_driver_node/use_gps_ts: False * /map_server/frame_id: map * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/acc_lim_theta: 0.3 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/acc_lim_x: 0.2 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/allow_init_with_backwards_motion: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/cmd_angle_instead_rotvel: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/costmap_converter_plugin: * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/costmap_converter_rate: 5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/costmap_converter_spin_thread: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/costmap_obstacles_behind_robot_dist: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/dt_hysteresis: 0.1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/dt_ref: 0.3 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/dynamic_obstacle_inflation_dist: 0.2 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/enable_homotopy_class_planning: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/enable_multithreading: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/exact_arc_length: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/feasibility_check_no_poses: 3 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/footprint_model/line_end: [0.1, 0.0] * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/footprint_model/line_start: [-0.1, 0.0] * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/footprint_model/type: line * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/force_reinit_new_goal_dist: 0.5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/free_goal_vel: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/global_plan_overwrite_orientation: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/global_plan_viapoint_sep: 3.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/h_signature_prescaler: 0.5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/h_signature_threshold: 0.1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/include_costmap_obstacles: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/include_dynamic_obstacles: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/inflation_dist: 0.35 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/is_footprint_dynamic: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/legacy_obstacle_association: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_global_plan_lookahead_dist: 10.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_number_classes: 2 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_vel_theta: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_vel_x: 0.6 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_vel_x_backwards: 0.3 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/max_vel_y: 0.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/min_obstacle_dist: 0.55 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/min_turning_radius: 0.6 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/no_inner_iterations: 5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/no_outer_iterations: 4 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_association_cutoff_factor: 5.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_association_force_inclusion_factor: 1.5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_cost_exponent: 5.5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_heading_threshold: 0.45 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_keypoint_offset: 0.1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/obstacle_poses_affected: 15 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/odom_topic: odom * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/optimization_activate: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/optimization_verbose: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/oscillation_recovery: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/penalty_epsilon: 0.08 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/roadmap_graph_area_length_scale: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/roadmap_graph_area_width: 5 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/roadmap_graph_no_samples: 15 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/selection_alternative_time_cost: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/selection_cost_hysteresis: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/selection_obst_cost_scale: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/selection_viapoint_cost_scale: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/shrink_horizon_backup: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/simple_exploration: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/teb_autosize: True * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/via_points_ordered: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/visualize_hc_graph: False * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_acc_lim_theta: 1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_acc_lim_x: 1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_adapt_factor: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_dynamic_obstacle: 100 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_dynamic_obstacle_inflation: 0.6 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_inflation: 1.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_kinematics_forward_drive: 800 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_kinematics_nh: 1000 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_kinematics_turning_radius: 6.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_max_vel_theta: 1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_max_vel_x: 2 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_obstacle: 190 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_optimaltime: 15 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_shortest_path: 5.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/weight_viapoint: 10.0 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/wheelbase: 0.3 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/xy_goal_tolerance: 0.1 * /move_base/TebLocalPlannerROS/yaw_goal_tolerance: 0.1 * /move_base/base_local_planner: teb_local_planner... * /move_base/clearing_rotation_allowed: False * /move_base/conservative_reset_dist: 0.2 * /move_base/controller_frequency: 5.0 * /move_base/controller_patience: 15.0 * /move_base/global_costmap/footprint: [[-0.18, -0.18], ... * /move_base/global_costmap/global_frame: map * /move_base/global_costmap/inflation_layer/cost_scaling_factor: 10.0 * /move_base/global_costmap/inflation_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/global_costmap/inflation_layer/inflation_radius: 0.3 * /move_base/global_costmap/inflation_radius: 0.4 * /move_base/global_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/clearing: True * /move_base/global_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/data_type: LaserScan * /move_base/global_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/marking: True * /move_base/global_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/topic: scan * /move_base/global_costmap/map_type: costmap * /move_base/global_costmap/observation_sources: laser_scan_sensor * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/combination_method: 1 * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/inflation_radius: 0.2 * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/obstacle_range: 6.5 * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/raytrace_range: 6.0 * /move_base/global_costmap/obstacle_layer/track_unknown_space: False * /move_base/global_costmap/plugins: [{'type': 'costma... * /move_base/global_costmap/publish_frequency: 5.0 * /move_base/global_costmap/robot_base_frame: base_footprint * /move_base/global_costmap/static_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/global_costmap/static_layer/map_topic: /map * /move_base/global_costmap/static_map: True * /move_base/global_costmap/transform_tolerance: 0.5 * /move_base/global_costmap/update_frequency: 5.0 * /move_base/local_costmap/cost_scaling_factor: 10 * /move_base/local_costmap/footprint: [[-0.18, -0.18], ... * /move_base/local_costmap/global_frame: map * /move_base/local_costmap/height: 3 * /move_base/local_costmap/inflation_layer/cost_scaling_factor: 10.0 * /move_base/local_costmap/inflation_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/local_costmap/inflation_layer/inflation_radius: 0.3 * /move_base/local_costmap/inflation_radius: 0.16 * /move_base/local_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/clearing: True * /move_base/local_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/data_type: LaserScan * /move_base/local_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/marking: True * /move_base/local_costmap/laser_scan_sensor/topic: scan * /move_base/local_costmap/map_type: costmap * /move_base/local_costmap/observation_sources: laser_scan_sensor * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/combination_method: 1 * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/inflation_radius: 0.2 * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/obstacle_range: 6.5 * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/raytrace_range: 6.0 * /move_base/local_costmap/obstacle_layer/track_unknown_space: False * /move_base/local_costmap/plugins: [{'type': 'costma... * /move_base/local_costmap/publish_frequency: 5.0 * /move_base/local_costmap/resolution: 0.05 * /move_base/local_costmap/robot_base_frame: base_footprint * /move_base/local_costmap/rolling_window: True * /move_base/local_costmap/static_layer/enabled: True * /move_base/local_costmap/static_layer/map_topic: /map * /move_base/local_costmap/static_map: False * /move_base/local_costmap/transform_tolerance: 0.5 * /move_base/local_costmap/update_frequency: 5.0 * /move_base/local_costmap/width: 3 * /move_base/oscillation_distance: 0.2 * /move_base/oscillation_timeout: 10.0 * /move_base/planner_frequency: 1.0 * /move_base/planner_patience: 5.0 * /robot_description: <?xml version="1.... * /rosdistro: melodic * /rosversion: 1.14.13 * /time0: 5.0 * /time1: 15.0 * /time2: 2.0 * /time3: 10.0 * /time4: 2.0 * /time5: 5.0 * /usb_cam/camera_frame_id: usb_cam * /usb_cam/color_format: yuv422p * /usb_cam/image_height: 960 * /usb_cam/image_width: 1280 * /usb_cam/io_method: mmap * /usb_cam/pixel_format: yuyv * /usb_cam/video_device: /dev/video0 NODES / amcl (amcl/amcl) base_control (eprobot_start/art_racecar.py) base_to_camera (tf/static_transform_publisher) base_to_gyro (tf/static_transform_publisher) base_to_laser (tf/static_transform_publisher) base_to_link (tf/static_transform_publisher) ekf_se (robot_localization/ekf_localization_node) image_view (image_view/image_view) joint_state_publisher (joint_state_publisher/joint_state_publisher) laser_filter (laser_filters/scan_to_scan_filter_chain) lslidar_driver_node (lslidar_driver/lslidar_driver_node) map_server (map_server/map_server) move_base (move_base/move_base) one_car_start (eprobot_start/one_car_start.py) robot_state_publisher (robot_state_publisher/robot_state_publisher) usb_cam (usb_cam/usb_cam_node) auto-starting new master process[master]: started with pid [2469] ROS_MASTER_URI=http://EPRobot:11311 setting /run_id to 9641654e-6234-11f0-a6b3-e45f0131f240 process[rosout-1]: started with pid [2498] started core service [/rosout] process[usb_cam-2]: started with pid [2502] process[image_view-3]: started with pid [2519] [ INFO] [1752663855.296181382]: Initializing nodelet with 4 worker threads. [ INFO] [1752663855.480798436]: using default calibration URL [ INFO] [1752663855.484462140]: camera calibration URL: file:///home/EPRobot/.ros/camera_info/head_camera.yaml [ INFO] [1752663855.491997843]: Starting 'head_camera' (/dev/video0) at 1280x960 via mmap (yuyv) at 30 FPS [ INFO] [1752663855.661129732]: Using transport "raw" Unable to init server: Could not connect: Connection refused (image_raw:2519): Gtk-WARNING **: 19:04:15.720: cannot open display: [ WARN] [1752663855.904948901]: unknown control 'focus_auto' process[base_to_link-4]: started with pid [2537] [image_view-3] process has died [pid 2519, exit code 1, cmd /opt/ros/melodic/lib/image_view/image_view image:=/usb_cam/image_raw __name:=image_view __log:=/home/EPRobot/.ros/log/9641654e-6234-11f0-a6b3-e45f0131f240/image_view-3.log]. log file: /home/EPRobot/.ros/log/9641654e-6234-11f0-a6b3-e45f0131f240/image_view-3*.log process[base_to_gyro-5]: started with pid [2556] process[base_to_laser-6]: started with pid [2562] process[base_to_camera-7]: started with pid [2583] process[joint_state_publisher-8]: started with pid [2604] process[robot_state_publisher-9]: started with pid [2610] /opt/ros/melodic/lib/python2.7/dist-packages/roslib/packages.py:470: UnicodeWarning: Unicode equal comparison failed to convert both arguments to Unicode - interpreting them as being unequal if resource_name in files: process[base_control-10]: started with pid [2618] process[lslidar_driver_node-11]: started with pid [2647] [ INFO] [1752663866.105583696]: Lidar is M10 [ INFO] [1752663866.111040782]: Opening PCAP file port = /dev/EPRobot_laser, baud_rate = 460800 open_port /dev/EPRobot_laser OK ! [ INFO] [1752663866.125467287]: Initialised lslidar without error process[laser_filter-12]: started with pid [2676] [ INFO] [1752663867.962878802]: clear_inside(!invert): true [INFO] [1752663869.073894]: base control start... process[map_server-13]: started with pid [2683] [INFO] [1752663869.127131]: LaserMode : Express [INFO] [1752663869.131959]: is_pub_odom_tf : false [INFO] [1752663869.138982]: is_send_anger : false [INFO] [1752663869.144625]: Opening Serial [INFO] [1752663869.150115]: Serial Open Succeed process[amcl-14]: started with pid [2718] [ INFO] [1752663871.037123474]: Subscribed to map topic. process[move_base-15]: started with pid [2774] process[ekf_se-16]: started with pid [2814] ERROR: cannot launch node of type [eprobot_start/one_car_start.py]: Cannot locate node of type [one_car_start.py] in package [eprobot_start]. Make sure file exists in package path and permission is set to executable (chmod +x) [ WARN] [1752663879.396290450]: Timed out waiting for transform from base_footprint to map to become available before running costmap, tf error: canTransform: target_frame map does not exist. canTransform: source_frame base_footprint does not exist.. canTransform returned after 0.100705 timeout was 0.1. [ INFO] [1752663880.901153484]: Received a 113 X 155 map @ 0.050 m/pix [ INFO] [1752663880.938459111]: Initializing likelihood field model; this can take some time on large maps... [ INFO] [1752663881.063300341]: Done initializing likelihood field model. [ WARN] [1752663883.460416017]: Transform from IMU_link to base_footprint was unavailable for the time requested. Using latest instead. [ WARN] [1752663884.436037594]: Timed out waiting for transform from base_footprint to map to become available before running costmap, tf error: canTransform: target_frame map does not exist.. canTransform returned after 0.100968 timeout was 0.1. [ WARN] [1752663886.469901598]: No laser scan received (and thus no pose updates have been published) for 1752663886.469788 seconds. Verify that data is being published on the /scan_filtered topic. [ WARN] [1752663887.516970206]: global_costmap: Pre-Hydro parameter "static_map" unused since "plugins" is provided [ WARN] [1752663887.518994345]: global_costmap: Pre-Hydro parameter "map_type" unused since "plugins" is provided [ INFO] [1752663887.523573417]: global_costmap: Using plugin "static_layer" [ INFO] [1752663887.657142563]: Requesting the map... [ INFO] [1752663889.166172394]: Resizing costmap to 113 X 155 at 0.050000 m/pix [ INFO] [1752663889.265445621]: Received a 113 X 155 map at 0.050000 m/pix [ INFO] [1752663889.280243055]: global_costmap: Using plugin "obstacle_layer" [ INFO] [1752663889.298549771]: Subscribed to Topics: [ INFO] [1752663889.349325212]: global_costmap: Using plugin "inflation_layer" [ WARN] [1752663889.545199085]: local_costmap: Pre-Hydro parameter "static_map" unused since "plugins" is provided [ WARN] [1752663889.547135725]: local_costmap: Pre-Hydro parameter "map_type" unused since "plugins" is provided [ INFO] [1752663889.551484224]: local_costmap: Using plugin "static_layer" [ INFO] [1752663889.571839522]: Requesting the map... [ INFO] [1752663889.577998384]: Resizing static layer to 113 X 155 at 0.050000 m/pix [ INFO] [1752663889.677619257]: Received a 113 X 155 map at 0.050000 m/pix [ INFO] [1752663889.693015967]: local_costmap: Using plugin "obstacle_layer" [ INFO] [1752663889.706179575]: Subscribed to Topics: [ INFO] [1752663889.742291675]: local_costmap: Using plugin "inflation_layer" [ INFO] [1752663889.976098453]: Created local_planner teb_local_planner/TebLocalPlannerROS [ INFO] [1752663890.170609667]: Footprint model 'line' (line_start: [-0.1,0]m, line_end: [0.1,0]m) loaded for trajectory optimization. [ INFO] [1752663890.172065624]: Parallel planning in distinctive topologies disabled. [ INFO] [1752663890.172326715]: No costmap conversion plugin specified. All occupied costmap cells are treaten as point obstacles. [ INFO] [1752663891.088227612]: Recovery behavior will clear layer 'obstacles' [ INFO] [1752663891.107617471]: Recovery behavior will clear layer 'obstacles' [ INFO] [1752663891.666258229]: odom received!
最新发布
07-17
<think>我们正在处理一个ROS启动问题,涉及eprobot_start one_car_start.launch,以及图像显示和传感器集成问题。根据用户提供的引用和问题描述,我们可以将问题分解为几个部分: 1. **启动文件错误**:用户遇到了`eprobot_start one_car_start.launch`的启动错误。 2. **图像显示问题**:`image_view`节点无法正常显示图像。 3. **传感器集成问题**:可能包括摄像头或其他传感器的集成问题。 ### 步骤1: 诊断启动文件错误 根据引用[3]和[4],启动错误可能与缺失的包或路径配置错误有关。常见的错误包括: - 缺少依赖包(如`move_base_msgs`)。 - 头文件路径错误(如`gazebo_version_helpers`的include路径不存在)。 **解决方法**: - 确保所有依赖包已安装。例如,如果缺少`move_base_msgs`,使用以下命令安装: ```bash sudo apt-get install ros-<distro>-move-base-msgs ``` 其中`<distro>`是ROS版本(如melodic、noetic等)。 - 对于路径错误(如引用[4]),检查CMakeLists.txt和package.xml文件,确保路径正确。如果路径确实不存在,可能需要重新克隆仓库或修正路径。 ### 步骤2: 解决图像显示问题 引用[2]提到使用`usb_cam.launch`启动摄像头。如果`image_view`无法显示图像,可能的原因有: - 摄像头驱动未正确安装或启动。 - 图像话题名称不匹配。 - `image_view`节点未订阅正确的图像话题。 **解决方法**: - 确保摄像头驱动已正确安装并启动。使用以下命令测试: ```bash roslaunch robot_vision usb_cam.launch ``` - 使用`rostopic list`查看发布的图像话题,确保`image_view`订阅了相同的话题。例如: ```bash rosrun image_view image_view image:=/camera/image_raw ``` 如果话题名称不匹配,修改启动文件或`image_view`的参数。 ### 步骤3: 解决传感器集成问题 传感器集成问题可能涉及硬件接口、驱动或消息传递。根据引用[1],使用`rqt_launch`可以方便地管理启动文件,帮助调试。 **解决方法**: - 使用`rqt_launch`启动和停止各个组件,以隔离问题: ```bash rosrun rqt_launch rqt_launch ``` - 检查传感器驱动是否已正确安装,并确保传感器与ROS兼容。 - 使用`rostopic echo`和`rqt_graph`检查传感器数据的发布和订阅关系。 ### 综合调试步骤 1. **检查启动文件**:打开`one_car_start.launch`文件,检查包含的节点和参数设置。 2. **查看日志**:启动时使用`--screen`参数查看详细输出: ```bash roslaunch eprobot_start one_car_start.launch --screen ``` 3. **使用rqt工具**:利用`rqt_console`查看节点日志,`rqt_graph`查看节点连接。 4. **检查依赖**:使用`rosdep`检查并安装缺失的依赖: ```bash rosdep install --from-paths src --ignore-src -r -y ``` ### 示例解决方案 假设启动错误是由于缺少`gazebo_grasp_plugin`引起的(如引用[4]),我们可以尝试以下步骤: 1. 重新安装`gazebo_grasp_plugin`: ```bash cd ~/catkin_ws/src git clone https://github.com/JenniferBuehler/gazebo-pkgs.git cd .. catkin_make ``` 2. 如果编译仍出现路径错误,手动检查CMakeLists.txt中设置的include路径。 ### 相关问题 §§相关问题§§ 1. 如何调试ROS启动文件中的节点启动失败? 2. 如何确保摄像头驱动与ROS兼容? 3. ROS中如何查看和修复话题订阅不匹配的问题? 4. 如何使用rqt工具进行ROS系统调试?</think>### 解决ROS启动错误与传感器集成问题 #### 1. **诊断启动文件错误 (`eprobot_start one_car_start.launch`)** - **常见原因**: - 依赖包缺失(如`move_base_msgs`)[^3] - 路径配置错误(如头文件路径不存在)[^4] - 节点参数配置错误 - **解决步骤**: 1. **检查依赖包**: ```bash # 安装缺失的ROS包(以move_base_msgs为例) sudo apt-get install ros-<distro>-move-base-msgs ``` 替换`<distro>`为你的ROS版本(如`noetic`, `melodic`) 2. **验证路径配置**: - 检查`CMakeLists.txt`中的`include_directories`路径是否有效 - 确保所有路径符合实际文件位置(参考错误日志中的路径)[^4] 3. **使用`rqt_launch`调试**: ```bash rosrun rqt_launch rqt_launch # 图形化检查节点启动状态[^1] ``` --- #### 2. **修复`image_view`图像显示问题** - **常见原因**: - 摄像头驱动未正确加载 - 话题名称不匹配 - 图像格式错误 - **解决步骤**: 1. **确认摄像头驱动启动**: ```bash roslaunch robot_vision usb_cam.launch # 确保摄像头节点已运行[^2] ``` 2. **检查话题匹配**: ```bash rostopic list | grep image # 查看实际发布的图像话题 rosrun image_view image_view image:=<实际话题名> # 手动指定话题 ``` 3. **验证图像格式**: ```bash rostopic echo /camera_info # 检查图像分辨率和编码格式 ``` --- #### 3. **传感器集成问题** - **通用解决方案**: 1. **统一坐标框架**: - 确保所有传感器在`URDF`中正确定义`<joint>`和`<link>` - 使用`static_transform_publisher`发布静态坐标变换: ```xml <node pkg="tf" type="static_transform_publisher" name="sensor_tf" args="0 0 0.1 0 0 0 base_link camera_link 100"/> ``` 2. **检查消息同步**: - 使用`message_filters`同步多传感器数据: ```python from message_filters import ApproximateTimeSynchronizer sync = ApproximateTimeSynchronizer([sub1, sub2], queue_size=10, slop=0.1) ``` 3. **验证驱动兼容性**: - 确认传感器ROS驱动支持当前内核版本 - 检查设备权限: ```bash ls -l /dev/ttyUSB* # 串口设备权限 sudo chmod 666 /dev/ttyUSB0 ``` --- ### 调试工具推荐 1. **可视化工具**: ```bash rqt_graph # 查看节点连接 rviz # 可视化传感器数据 ``` 2. **日志分析**: ```bash roscd /path/to/log cat roslaunch-*.log | grep "ERROR" ``` 3. **依赖检查**: ```bash rosdep check <package_name> # 验证包依赖 ``` ---
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