添加数据库版本，单元测试不通过，报DB Migration 348 does not have a test. Please add one!

于 2017-11-07 20:03:10 发布
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分类专栏： nova python
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本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/wllabs/article/details/78471774
本文分析了在使用tox-epy27进行单元测试时遇到的错误“DBMigration348doesnothaveatest.Pleaseaddone!”的原因，并详细介绍了如何通过添加特定版本的单元测试及调整异常处理来解决该问题。

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tox -e py27时， 单元测试报错。

DB Migration 348 does not have a test. Please add one!

 

首先我是添加了一个db version为348的db版本，我本来想不添加单元测试，就不会影响到新添加的db version，结果尽然这个报了个db version单元测试的错。

还是想搞明白为什么会这样，毕竟我以前用ironic的时候，并没有这样的情况。

 

跟代码：

nova/tests/unit/db/test_migrations.py       test_walk_versions(self): 

oslo_db/sqlalchemy/test_migrations.py          walk_versions()

查看 walk_version()里代码

189             versions = range(int(self.INIT_VERSION) + 1,
190                              int(self.REPOSITORY.latest) + 1)              #version = [init_version, latest_version]
191    
192             for version in versions:                                       #遍历所有版本并执行 migrate_up，于是查看migrate_up代码
193                 # upgrade -> downgrade -> upgrade
194                 self.migrate_up(version, with_data=True)
195                 if snake_walk:
196                     downgraded = self.migrate_down(version - 1, with_data=True)
197                     if downgraded:
198                         self.migrate_up(version)
def _skippable_migrations(self):                     #这个是可跳过migrations的版本，大概就是之前稳定的版本的
    special = [                                      #比如现在是0版，所以可跳过的版本感觉大概都是0版之前版本，初始版本是大概h上一版。
        216,  # Havana
        272,  # NOOP migration due to revert
    ]
    havana_placeholders = list(range(217, 227))
    icehouse_placeholders = list(range(235, 244))
    juno_placeholders = list(range(255, 265))
    kilo_placeholders = list(range(281, 291))
    liberty_placeholders = list(range(303, 313))
    mitaka_placeholders = list(range(320, 330))
    newton_placeholders = list(range(335, 345))
    return (special +
            havana_placeholders +
            icehouse_placeholders +
            juno_placeholders +
            kilo_placeholders +
            liberty_placeholders +
            mitaka_placeholders +
            newton_placeholders)
 
def migrate_up(self, version, with_data=False):
    if with_data:
        check = getattr(self, "_check_%03d" % version, None)                         #这个大概是第一个version都会有一个_check_
        if version not in self._skippable_migrations():                              #如果没在可跳过的version里就会报错，可跳过的version是上面函数里有解释
            self.assertIsNotNone(check,                                              #我后面加的肯定没在可跳过的里面，所以肯定报错。
                                 ('DB Migration %i does not have a '
                                  'test. Please add one!') % version)
    # NOTE(danms): This is a list of migrations where we allow dropping
    # things. The rules for adding things here are very very specific.
    # Chances are you don't meet the critera.
    # Reviewers: DO NOT ALLOW THINGS TO BE ADDED HERE
    exceptions = [
        # 267 enforces non-nullable instance.uuid. This was mostly
        # a special case because instance.uuid shouldn't be able
        # to be nullable
        267,
        # 278 removes a FK restriction, so it's an alter operation
        # that doesn't break existing users
        278,
        # 280 enforces non-null keypair name. This is really not
        # something we should allow, but it's in the past
        280,
        # 292 drops completely orphaned tables with no users, so
        # it can be done without affecting anything.
        292,
        # 346 Drops column scheduled_at from instances table since it
        # is no longer used. The field value is always NULL so
        # it does not affect anything.
        346,
    ]
    # Reviewers: DO NOT ALLOW THINGS TO BE ADDED HERE
    # NOTE(danms): We only started requiring things be additive in
    # kilo, so ignore all migrations before that point.
    KILO_START = 265
    if version >= KILO_START and version not in exceptions:
        banned = ['Table', 'Column']
    else:
        banned = None
    with nova_fixtures.BannedDBSchemaOperations(banned):
        super(NovaMigrationsCheckers, self).migrate_up(version, with_data)

 

根据分析，于是在 nova/tests/unit/db/test_migrations.py 里加上单元测试代码。

def _check_347(self, engine, data):
    self.assertIndexMembers(engine, 'instances',
                            'instances_project_id_idx',
                            ['project_id'])
     
    self.assertIndexMembers(engine, 'instances',
                            'instances_updated_at_project_id_idx',
                            ['updated_at', 'project_id'])
def _check_348(self, engine, data):
    self.assertIndexMembers(engine, 'instances',
                            'instances_project_id_idx',
                            ['project_id'])
     
    self.assertIndexMembers(engine, 'instances',
                            'instances_updated_at_project_id_idx',
                            ['updated_at', 'project_id'])

 

 

可是还是报错，报如下错误：

nova.exception.DBNotAllowed: Operation Column.alter() is not allowed in a database migration

 

这就更恼火了，怎么竟然alter都不被允许了。于是细跟代码发现

if version >= KILO_START and version not in exceptions:     # 如果version不在 exceptions里 branned，banned = ['Table', 'Column']
    banned = ['Table', 'Column']
else:
    banned = None
with nova_fixtures.BannedDBSchemaOperations(banned):
    super(NovaMigrationsCheckers, self).migrate_up(version, with_data)
class BannedDBSchemaOperations(fixtures.Fixture):
    """Ban some operations for migrations"""
    def __init__(self, banned_resources=None):
        super(BannedDBSchemaOperations, self).__init__()
        self._banned_resources = banned_resources or []               #self._banned_resources 就是上面 with nova_fixtures.BannedDBSchemaOperations(banned): 传过来的
 
    @staticmethod
    def _explode(resource, op):
        raise exception.DBNotAllowed(
            'Operation %s.%s() is not allowed in a database migration' % (
                resource, op))
    def setUp(self):
        super(BannedDBSchemaOperations, self).setUp()
        for thing in self._banned_resources:                        #如果有self._banned_resources，就会把_banned_resources里的东西，以patch的方式重新定义一次，
            self.useFixture(fixtures.MonkeyPatch(                   #大概就是 sqlalcheymy.Table.drop = lambda *a, **k: self._explode(thing, 'drop')
                'sqlalchemy.%s.drop' % thing,                       #直接patch成一个异常了，大概知道原因了，把_banned_resources置为None就可以了
                lambda *a, **k: self._explode(thing, 'drop')))
            self.useFixture(fixtures.MonkeyPatch(
                'sqlalchemy.%s.alter' % thing,
                lambda *a, **k: self._explode(thing, 'alter')))

 

于是在  exceptions 里加入 348，解决这次单元测试问题。

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